The Project Gutenberg eBook of Finger plays for nursery and kindergarten This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. Title: Finger plays for nursery and kindergarten Author: Emilie Poulsson Illustrator: L. J. Bridgman Release date: March 24, 2008 [eBook #24912] Most recently updated: January 3, 2021 Language: English Credits: Produced by Suzanne Shell, Linda Cantoni, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net. Music transcribed by Linda Cantoni. This e-book was created from a 1971 reprint published by Dover Publications, Inc., New York. *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FINGER PLAYS FOR NURSERY AND KINDERGARTEN *** Produced by Suzanne Shell, Linda Cantoni, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net. Music transcribed by Linda Cantoni. This e-book was created from a 1971 reprint published by Dover Publications, Inc., New York. [Transcriber's Note: The original book contains illustrations of the hand gestures for the finger plays. In this plaintext e-book, the gestures are described in brackets unless they are explained in, or are obvious from, the original.] FINGER PLAYS FOR NURSERY AND KINDERGARTEN BY EMILIE POULSSON [Illustration] _Music By_ CORNELIA C. ROESKE _Illustrations By_ L.J. BRIDGMAN [D. Lothrop Company Boston 1893] [Illustration: "WHAT THE CHILD IMITATES, HE BEGINS TO UNDERSTAND."--_Froebel._] PREFACE. "What the child imitates," says Froebel, "he begins to understand. Let him represent the flying of birds and he enters partially into the life of birds. Let him imitate the rapid motion of fishes in the water and his sympathy with fishes is quickened. Let him reproduce the activities of farmer, miller and baker, and his eyes open to the meaning of their work. In one word let him reflect in his play the varied aspects of life and his thought will begin to grapple with their significance." In all times and among all nations, finger-plays have been a delight of childhood. Countless babies have laughed and crowed over "Pat-a-cake" and other performances of the soft little hands; while children of whatever age never fail to find amusement in playing "Here is the church, And here's the steeple, Open the doors, And here are the people!" and others as well known. Yet it is not solely upon the pleasure derived from them, that finger-plays depend for their _raison d'etre_. By their judicious and early use, the development of strength and flexibility in the tiny lax fingers may be assisted, and dormant thought may receive its first awakening call through the motions which interpret as well as illustrate the phase of life or activity presented by the words. The eighteen finger-plays contained in this book have already, through publication in BABYLAND, been introduced to their especial public, and have been much used in homes, though perhaps more in kindergartens. It will readily be seen that while some of the plays are for the babies in the nursery, others are more suitable for older children. A baby-friend, ten months old, plays "All for Baby" throughout, pounding and clapping gleefully with all his might--while children seven or eight years of age play and sing "The Caterpillar," "How the Corn Grew" and others with very evident enjoyment. With a little study of the charming and expressive pictures with which the artist, Mr. L.J. Bridgman, has so sympathetically illustrated the rhymes, mothers and kindergartners have easily understood what motions were intended. To elucidate still farther, however, the playing of "The Merry Little Men" may be thus described: During the singing of the first verse, the children look about in every direction for the "little men," but keep the hands hidden. At the beginning of the second verse, raise both hands to full view with fingers outspread and quiet. At the words, "The first to come," etc., let the thumbs be shown alone, then the others as named in turn, till all are again outspread as at the beginning of the second verse. In the last verse the arms are moved from side to side, hands being raised and fingers fluttering nimbly all the time. When displaying the "busy little men," raise the hands as high as possible. The music, composed by Miss Cornelia C. Roeske, will be found melodious and attractive and especially suited to the voices and abilities of the very young children for whom it is chiefly intended. The harmonic arrangement is also purposely simple in consideration of the many mothers and kindergartners who cannot devote time to preparatory practice. EMILIE POULSSON. _Boston_, 1889. CONTENTS. PAGE I. THE LITTLE MEN 9 II. THE LAMBS 14 III. THE HEN AND CHICKENS 17 IV. THE LITTLE PLANT 21 V. THE PIGS 25 VI. A LITTLE BOY'S WALK 29 VII. THE CATERPILLAR 33 VIII. ALL FOR BABY 37 IX. THE MICE 41 X. THE SQUIRREL 45 XI. THE SPARROWS 49 XII. THE COUNTING LESSON 53 XIII. MRS. PUSSY'S DINNER 57 XIV. HOW THE CORN GREW 61 XV. THE MILL 65 XVI. MAKING BREAD 69 XVII. MAKING BUTTER 73 XVIII. SANTA CLAUS 77 DEDICATED TO LITTLE CHILDREN AT HOME AND IN KINDERGARTEN _BY THEIR FRIEND_, EMILIE POULSSON. [Illustration: NURSERY FINGER PLAYS] [Illustration: I. THE LITTLE MEN.] I.--THE LITTLE MEN. Oh! where are the merry, merry Little Men To join us in our play? And where are the busy, busy Little Men To help us work to-day? [Illustration: MERRY LITTLE MEN] [Illustration: BUSY LITTLE MEN] Upon each hand A little band For work or play is ready. The first to come Is Master Thumb; Then Pointer, strong and steady; [Illustration: MASTER THUMB. [thumb extended]] [Illustration: POINTER. [index finger extended]] Then Tall Man high; And just close by The Feeble Man doth linger; And last of all, So fair and small, The baby--Little Finger. [Illustration: TALL MAN. [middle finger extended]] [Illustration: THE FEEBLE MAN. [ring finger extended]] [Illustration: THE BABY. [little finger extended]] Yes! here are the merry, merry Little Men To join us in our play; And here are the busy, busy Little Men To help us work to-day. [Illustration] [Music: THE MERRY LITTLE MEN. EMILIE POULSSON. CORNELIA C. ROESKE. Oh! where are the merry, merry Little Men To join us in our play? And where are the busy, busy Little Men To help us work to-day? Upon each hand A little band For work or play is ready. The first to come Is Master Thumb; Then Pointer, strong and steady; Then Tall Man high; And just close by The Feeble Man doth linger; And last of all, So fair and small, The baby--Little Finger. Yes! here are the merry, merry Little Men To join us in our play; And here are the busy, busy Little Men To help us work to-day.] II.--THE LAMBS. This is the meadow where all the long day Ten little frolicsome lambs are at play. [Illustration: THE MEADOW [hands clasped so arms form a circle]] These are the measures the good farmer brings Salt in, or cornmeal, and other good things. [Illustration: THE MEASURES [hands cupped]] This is the lambkins' own big water-trough; Drink, little lambkins, and then scamper off! [Illustration: THE TROUGH [hands held together and cupped]] This is the rack where in winter they feed; Hay makes a very good dinner indeed. [Illustration: THE RACK [hands back to back with fingers interlaced and raised]] These are the big shears to shear the old sheep; Dear little lambkins their soft wool may keep. [Illustration: THE SHEARS [index and middle fingers extended sideways]] Here, with its big double doors shut so tight, This is the barn where they all sleep at night. [Illustration: THE BARN [hands clasped and held upward]] [Music: THE LAMBS. EMILIE POULSSON. CORNELIA C. ROESKE. 1. This is the meadow where all the long day Ten little frolicsome lambs are at play. These are the measures the good farmer brings Salt in, or corn meal, and other good things.] 2. This is the lambkins' own big water-trough; Drink, little lambkins, and then scamper off! This is the rack where in winter they feed; Hay makes a very good dinner indeed. 3. These are the big shears to shear the old sheep; Dear little lambkins their soft wool may keep. Here, with its big double doors shut so tight, This is the barn where they all sleep at night. [Illustration: III. THE HEN AND CHICKENS.] III.--THE HEN AND CHICKENS. Good Mother Hen sits here on her nest, Keeps the eggs warm beneath her soft breast, Waiting, waiting, day after day. [Illustration: ON THE NEST. [right hand horizontal with fingers slightly curved; left hand in fist on top of right hand, with index finger raised and curved]] Hark! there's a sound she knows very well: Some little chickens are breaking the shell, Pecking, pecking, pecking away. [Illustration: BREAKING THE SHELL [fingers curved, thumb touching middle finger]] Now they're all out, Oh, see what a crowd! Good Mother Hen is happy and proud, Cluck-cluck, cluck-cluck, clucking away. [Illustration: HAPPY AND PROUD [fist with index finger raised and curved]] Into the coop the mother must go; But all the chickens run to and fro, Peep-peep, peep-peep, peeping away. [Illustration: THE COOP. [palm downward, fingers curved and separated]] [Illustration: "RUN TO AND FRO" [index and middle fingers "running"]] Here is some corn in my little dish; Eat, Mother Hen, eat all that you wish, Picking, picking, picking away. [Illustration: EATING [left hand cupped, right fist with index finger extended and curved]] Happy we'll be to see you again, Dear little chicks and good Mother Hen! Now good-by, good-by for to-day. [Music: THE HEN AND CHICKENS. EMILIE POULSSON. CORNELIA C. ROESKE. 1. Good Mother Hen sits here on her nest, Keeps the eggs warm beneath her soft breast, Waiting, waiting, day after day. 2. Hark! there's a sound she knows very well: Some little chickens breaking the shell, Pecking, pecking, pecking away. 3. Now they're all out, oh, see what a crowd! Good Mother Hen is happy and proud, Cluck-cluck, cluck-cluck, clucking away.] 4. Into the coop the mother must go; While all the chickens run to and fro, Peep-peep, peep-peep, peeping away. 5. Here is some corn in my little dish; Eat, Mother Hen, eat all that you wish. Picking, picking, picking away. 6. Happy we'll be to see you again, Dear little chicks and good Mother Hen! Now good-bye, good-bye for to-day. [Illustration: IV. THE LITTLE PLANT.] IV.--THE LITTLE PLANT. In my little garden bed Raked so nicely over, First the tiny seeds I sow, Then with soft earth cover. [Illustration: THE BED. [palms facing each other, curved fingers touching]] [Illustration: THE RAKE. [fingers extended downward]] [Illustration: SEEDS I SOW. [fingers closed and curved, palm down]] [Illustration: WITH SOFT EARTH COVER. [palms down and curved]] Shining down, the great round sun Smiles upon it often; Little raindrops, pattering down, Help the seeds to soften. [Illustration: THE GREAT ROUND SUN. [arms extended over head and curved]] [Illustration: PATTERING. DRUMMING WITH THE FINGER-TIPS.] Then the little plant awakes! Down the roots go creeping. Up it lifts its little head Through the brown mould peeping. [Illustration: "DOWN THE ROOTS GO" [fingers downward with middle 3 fingers together]] [Illustration: "LIFTS ITS LITTLE HEAD" [thumb extended upward]] High and higher still it grows Through the summer hours, Till some happy day the buds Open into flowers. [Illustration: "OPEN INTO FLOWERS" [palm up, fingers curved]] [Illustration: "STILL IT GROWS" ELEVATING THE ARM AND RAISING THE THUMB FROM THE HAND] [Music: THE LITTLE PLANT. EMILIE POULSSON. C.C. ROESKE. 1. In my little garden bed Rak'd so nicely over, First the tiny seeds I sow, Then with soft earth cover. Shining down, the great round sun Smiles upon it often; Little raindrops, patt'ring down, Help the seeds to soften. 2. Then the little plant awakes! Down the roots go creeping. Up it lifts its little head Thro' the brown mould peeping. High and higher still it grows Thro' the summer hours, Till some happy day the buds Open into flowers.] [Illustration: V. THE PIGS.] V.--THE PIGS. Piggie Wig and Piggie Wee, Hungry pigs as pigs could be, For their dinner had to wait Down behind the barnyard gate. [Illustration: PIGGY WIG [fingers of both hands extended sideways with tips touching, left thumb raised]] [Illustration: PIGGY WEE [fingers of both hands extended sideways with tips touching, right thumb raised]] [Illustration: BEHIND THE GATE [fingers of both hands extended sideways with tips touching]] Piggie Wig and Piggie Wee Climbed the barnyard gate to see, Peeping through the gate so high, But no dinner could they spy. [Illustration: PEEPING THROUGH [fingers of both hands extended sideways with tips touching; index fingers slightly lifted and thumb tips sticking through gap]] Piggie Wig and Piggie Wee Got down sad as pigs could be; But the gate soon opened wide And they scampered forth outside. [Illustration: OPENED WIDE [hands held sideways away from each other]] [Illustration: SCAMPERED FORTH [fists downward, thumbs extended downward]] Piggie Wig and Piggie Wee, What was their delight to see Dinner ready not far off-- Such a full and tempting trough! [Illustration: THE TROUGH [hands cupped together]] Piggie Wig and Piggie Wee, Greedy pigs as pigs could be, For their dinner ran pell-mell; In the trough both piggies fell. [Illustration: IN THEY FELL [hands cupped together, thumbs downward]] [Music: THE PIGS. EMILIE POULSSON. CORNELIA C. ROESKE. 1. Piggie Wig and Piggie Wee, Hungry pigs as pigs could be, For their dinner had to wait Down behind the barnyard gate.] 2. Piggie Wig and Piggie Wee Climbed the barnyard gate to see, Peeping through the gate so high, But no dinner could they spy. 3. Piggie Wig and Piggie Wee Got down sad as pigs could be; But the gate soon opened wide And they scampered forth outside. 4. Piggie Wig and Piggie Wee, What was their delight to see Dinner ready not far off-- Such a full and tempting trough! 5. Piggie Wig and Piggie Wee, Greedy pigs as pigs could be, For their dinner ran pell-mell; In the trough both piggies fell. [Illustration: VI. A LITTLE BOY'S WALK.] VI.--A LITTLE BOY'S WALK. A little boy went walking One lovely summer's day: He saw a little rabbit That quickly ran away; [Illustration: THE RABBIT [index and middle finger in "V" sign]] [Illustration: RAN AWAY [same, with arm moving behind back]] He saw a shining river Go winding in and out, And little fishes in it Were swimming all about; [Illustration: SHINING RIVER [hands describing a long curve]] [Illustration: THE FISHES [fingers waggling downward]] And, slowly, slowly turning, The great wheel of the mill; And then the tall church steeple, The little church so still; [Illustration: MILL WHEEL [hands turning over each other]] [Illustration: CHURCH STEEPLE [hands clasped upward, index fingers steepled]] The bridge above the water; And when he stopped to rest, He saw among the bushes A wee ground-sparrow's nest. [Illustration: THE BRIDGE [palms downward, fingers straight and interlaced, thumbs extended downward]] [Illustration: THE NEST [hands cupped sideways to form circle]] And as he watched the birdies Above the tree-tops fly, He saw the clouds a-sailing Across the sunny sky. [Illustration: ABOVE THE TREE-TOP FLY [arms and hands extended upward]] [Illustration: CLOUDS A-SAILING [one arm extended upward, fingers curved]] He saw the insects playing; The flowers that summer brings; He said, "I'll go tell mamma! I've seen _so many_ things!" [Illustration: INSECTS PLAYING [fingers waggling downward]] [Illustration: FLOWERS [fingers of both hands extended straight downward]] [Music: A LITTLE BOY'S WALK. EMILIE POULSSON. CORNELIA C. ROESKE. A little boy went walking One lovely summer's day: He saw a little rabbit That quickly ran away; He saw a shining river Go winding in and out, And little fishes in it Were swimming all about. And slowly, slowly turning, The great wheel of the mill; And then the tall church steeple, The little church so still; The bridge above the water; And when he stopped to rest, He saw among the bushes A wee ground-sparrow's nest, And as he watched the birdies Above the tree-tops fly, He saw the clouds a-sailing Across the sunny sky. He saw the insects playing; The flowers that summer brings; He said, "I'll go tell Mamma! I've seen _so many_ things."] [Illustration: VII. THE CATERPILLAR.] VII.--THE CATERPILLAR. Fuzzy little caterpillar, Crawling, crawling on the ground! Fuzzy little caterpillar, Nowhere, nowhere to be found, Though we've looked and looked and hunted Everywhere around! [Illustration: CRAWLING (Move whole hand forward and wriggle the thumb)] [Illustration: NOWHERE TO BE FOUND [fists downward]] When the little caterpillar Found his furry coat too tight, Then a snug cocoon he made him Spun of silk so soft and light; Rolled himself away within it-- Slept there day and night. [Illustration: ROLLED HIMSELF AWAY (Rotate the thumb, then double into the hand)] See how this cocoon is stirring! Now a little head we spy-- What! Is _this_ our caterpillar Spreading gorgeous wings to dry? Soon the free and happy creature Flutters gayly by. [Illustration: STIRRING [fist downward, moving back and forth]] [Illustration: A HEAD WE SPY [fist downward, thumb extended sideways]] [Illustration: SPREADING GORGEOUS WINGS [hands back to back, thumbs extended together]] [Illustration: FLUTTERS BY (Move palms to and fro)] [Music: THE CATERPILLAR. EMILIE POULSSON. CORNELIA C. ROESKE. 1. Fuzzy little caterpillar, Crawling, crawling on the ground! Fuzzy little caterpillar, Nowhere, nowhere to be found, Tho' we've looked and looked and hunted Everywhere around! 2. When the little caterpillar Found his furry coat too tight, Then a snug cocoon he made him Spun of silk so soft and light; Rolled himself away within it-- Slept there day and night. 3. See how this cocoon is stirring! Now a little head we spy-- What! is _this_ our caterpillar Spreading gorgeous wings to dry? Soon the free and happy creature Flutters gaily by.] [Illustration: VIII. ALL FOR BABY.] VIII.--ALL FOR BABY. Here's a ball for Baby, Big and soft and round! Here is Baby's hammer-- O, how he can pound! [Illustration: A BALL [fingers of both hands curved and touching]] [Illustration: THE HAMMER [one fist beating on another]] Here is Baby's music-- Clapping, clapping so! Here are Baby's soldiers, Standing in a row! [Illustration: CLAPPING] [Illustration: SOLDIERS [fingers of both hands spread upward]] Here's the Baby's trumpet, Toot-too-toot! too-too! Here's the way that Baby Plays at "Peep-a-boo!" [Illustration: TRUMPET [right fist at mouth, left fist touching right]] [Illustration: PLAYS AT "PEEP-A-BOO!" [fingers covering eyes]] Here's a big umbrella-- Keep the Baby dry! Here's the Baby's cradle-- Rock-a-baby-by! [Illustration: UMBRELLA [left fist with index finger upward; right hand extended flat over left index finger]] [Illustration: CRADLE [fingers interlaced with index fingers steepled]] [Music: ALL FOR BABY. EMILIE POULSSON. CORNELIA C. ROESKE. 1. Here's a ball for Baby, Big and soft and round! Here is Baby's hammer-- O, how he can pound!] 2. Here is Baby's music Clapping, clapping so! Here are Baby's soldiers, Standing in a row! 3. Here's the Baby's trumpet, Toot-too-toot! too-too! Here's the way that Baby Plays at "Peep-a-boo!" 4. Here's a big umbrella-- Keeps the Baby dry! Here's the Baby's cradle-- Rock-a-baby by! [Illustration: IX. THE MICE.] IX.--THE MICE. Five little mice on the pantry floor, Seeking for bread-crumbs or something more; [Illustration: FIVE LITTLE MICE [hand extended upward]] Five little mice on the shelf up high, Feasting so daintily on a pie-- [Illustration: MICE ON THE SHELF [fingers of one hand curved downward and resting on the backs of the fingers of the other hand]] [Illustration: A PIE [fingers of both hands touching to form circle]] But the big round eyes of the wise old cat See what the five little mice are at. [Illustration: BIG ROUND EYES [thumb and fingertips of each hand forming circles]] Quickly she jumps!--but the mice run away, And hide in their snug little holes all day. [Illustration: "MICE RUN AWAY" Left hand lowered suddenly [Pounce of the cat] Right hand brought behind the back [Mice run away]] "Feasting in pantries may be very nice; But home is the best!" say the five little mice. [Illustration: HOME [fingers interlaced sideways]] [Music: FIVE LITTLE MICE. EMILIE POULSSON. CORNELIA C. ROESKE. 1. Five little mice on the pantry floor, Seeking for bread crumbs or something more; Five little mice on the shelf up high, Feasting so daintily on a pie-- But the big round eyes of the wise old cat See what the five little mice are at. Quickly she jumps! but the mice run away. And hide in their snug little holes all day. "Feasting in pantries may be very nice; But home is the best!" say the five little mice.] [Illustration: X. THE SQUIRREL.] X.--THE SQUIRREL "Little squirrel, living there In the hollow tree, I've a pretty cage for you; Come and live with me! [Illustration: IN THE HOLLOW TREE [thumb and fingertips of left hand forming circle; thumb of right hand sticking through circle]] [Illustration: THE CAGE [palms facing each other, fingers slightly curved and separated, tips touching]] "You may turn the little wheel-- That will be great fun! Slowly round, or very fast If you faster run. [Illustration: THE WHEEL [index fingers turning over each other]] "Little squirrel, I will bring In my basket here Every day a feast of nuts! Come, then, squirrel dear." [Illustration: THE BASKET [palms upward, fingers interlace, thumb tips touching]] [Illustration: THE NUTS [fingertips of each hand touching to form circles]] But the little squirrel said From his hollow tree: "Oh! no, no! I'd rather far Live here and be free!" So my cage is empty yet, And the wheel is still; But my little basket here Oft with nuts I fill. If you like, I'll crack the nuts, Some for you and me, For the squirrel has enough In his hollow tree. [Illustration: CRACKING NUTS [one fist hammering on the other]] [Music: THE SQUIRREL. EMILIE POULSSON. CORNELIA C. ROESKE. 1. "Little Squirrel, living there In the hollow tree, I've a pretty cage for you; Come and live with me! You may turn the little wheel-- That will be great fun! Slowly round, or very fast If you faster run." 2. "Little Squirrel, I will bring In my basket here Every day a feast of nuts! Come then, squirrel dear." But the little squirrel said From his hollow tree: "Oh! no, no! I'd rather far Live here and be free." 3. So my cage is empty yet And the wheel is still; But my little basket here Oft with nuts I fill. If you like, I'll crack the nuts, Some for you and me, For the squirrel has enough In his hollow tree.] [Illustration: XI. THE SPARROWS.] XI.--THE SPARROWS. "Little brown sparrows, Flying around, Up in the tree-tops, Down on the ground, "Come to my window, Dear sparrows, come! See! I will give you Many a crumb. [Illustration: FLYING AROUND Fluttering the Fingers] [Illustration: TREE TOPS [both hands extended upward]] [Illustration: ON THE GROUND [palms downward, fingers resting on ground]] [Illustration: THE WINDOW [palms downward, fingers of one resting on fingers of other to form square top]] [Illustration: MANY A CRUMB [thumb rubbing fingertips]] "Here is some water, Sparkling and clear; Come, little sparrows, Drink without fear. "If you are tired, Here is a nest; Wouldn't you like to Come here to rest?" All the brown sparrows Flutter away, Chirping and singing, "We cannot stay; "For in the tree-tops, 'Mong the gray boughs, There is the sparrows' Snug little house." [Illustration: SOME WATER [hand cupped, palm up]] [Illustration: A NEST [fingers of both hands interlaced to form circle]] [Illustration: THE HOUSE [palms together, fingers steepling]] [Illustration: FLY AWAY Raise Hands Fluttering Fingers] [Music: THE SPARROWS. EMILIE POULSSON. C.C. ROESKE. 1. "Little brown sparrows, Flying around, Up in the tree-tops, Down on the ground, Come to my window, Dear sparrows, come! See! I will give you Many a crumb." 2. "Here is some water, Sparkling and clear; Come, little sparrows, Drink without fear. If you are tired, Here is a nest; Wouldn't you like to Come here and rest?" 3. All the brown sparrows Flutter away, Chirping and singing, "We cannot stay; For in the tree-tops, 'Mong the gray boughs, There is the sparrows' Snug little house."] [Illustration: XII. THE COUNTING LESSON.] XII.--THE COUNTING LESSON. (_Right hand._) Here is the beehive. Where are the bees? Hidden away where nobody sees. Soon they come creeping out of the hive-- One!--two!--three! four! five! [Illustration: THE BEEHIVE [fist with knuckles downward]] [Illustration: ONE [same, thumb extended]] [Illustration: TWO [same, plus index finger extended]] [Illustration: THREE [same, plus middle finger extended]] [Illustration: FOUR [same, plus ring finger extended]] [Illustration: FIVE [all fingers extended downward]] [Illustration: WORKER] [Illustration: DRONE] [Illustration: QUEEN] (_Left hand._) Once I saw an ant-hill With no ants about; So I said, "Dear little ants, Won't you please come out?" Then as if the little ants Had heard my call-- One! two! three! four! _five_ came out! And that was all! [Illustration: ANT-HILL [fist with palm downward]] [Illustration: ONE [fist with knuckles downward, thumb extended]] [Illustration: TWO [same, plus index finger extended]] [Illustration: THREE [same, plus middle finger extended]] [Illustration: FOUR [same, plus ring finger extended]] [Illustration: FIVE [all fingers extended downward]] [Illustration: Male] [Illustration: Female] [Illustration: Worker] [Music: THE COUNTING LESSON. EMILIE POULSSON. C.C. ROESKE. 1ST VERSE. 1. Here is the beehive. Where are the bees? Hidden away where nobody sees. Soon they come creeping out of the hive-- One!--two!--three! four! _five_! 2ND VERSE. 2. Once I saw an ant hill With no ants about; So I said, "Dear little ants, Won't you please come out?" Then as if the little ants Had heard my call-- One! two! three! four! _five_ came out! And that was all!] [Illustration: XIII. MRS. PUSSY'S DINNER.] XIII.--MRS. PUSSY'S DINNER. Mrs. Pussy, sleek and fat, With her kittens four, Went to sleep upon the mat By the kitchen door. [Illustration: MRS. PUSSY (Right hand) [fist, thumb extended upward]] [Illustration: KITTENS FOUR [four fingers extended upward]] [Illustration: UPON THE MAT [fist, palm upward]] Mrs. Pussy heard a noise-- Up she jumped in glee: "Kittens, maybe that's a mouse! Let us go and see!" [Illustration: UP SHE JUMPED [open fist]] Creeping, creeping, creeping on, Silently they stole; But the little mouse had gone Back within its hole. [Illustration: CREEPING [palm downward, fingers walking]] [Illustration: MOUSE (Left hand) [fist with knuckles downward, thumb extended]] [Illustration: WITHIN ITS HOLE [fist with palm downward]] "Well," said Mrs. Pussy then, "To the barn we'll go; We shall find the swallow there Flying to and fro." [Illustration: THE BARN [arms raised, fingertips touching]] [Illustration: TO AND FRO [hands waving, fingers curved]] So the cat and kittens four Tried their very best; But the swallows flying fast Safely reached the nest! [Illustration: NEST [hands cupped sideways to form circle]] Home went hungry Mrs. Puss And her kittens four; Found their dinner on a plate By the kitchen door. [Illustration: PLATE [thumbs and index fingers touching to form circle]] As they gathered round the plate, They agreed 'twas nice That it could not run away Like the birds and mice! [Music: MRS. PUSSY'S DINNER. EMILIE POULSSON. C.C. ROESKE. 1. Mrs. Pussy, sleek and fat, With her kittens four, Went to sleep upon the mat By the kitchen door.] 2. Mrs. Pussy heard a noise-- Up she jumped in glee: "Kittens, maybe that's a mouse! Let us go and see!" 3. Creeping, creeping, creeping on, Silently they stole; But the little mouse had gone Back within its hole. 4. "Well," said Mrs. Pussy then, "To the barn we'll go; We shall find the swallows there Flying to and fro." 5. So the cat and kittens four Tried their very best; But the swallows flying fast Safely reached the nest! 6. Home went hungry Mrs. Puss And her kittens four; Found their dinner on a plate By the kitchen door. 7. As they gathered round the plate, They agreed 'twas nice That it could not run away Like the birds and mice! [Illustration: XIV. HOW THE CORN GREW.] XIV.--HOW THE CORN GREW. There was a field that waiting lay, All hard and brown and bare; There was a thrifty farmer came And fenced it in with care. [Illustration: THE FIELD. [two children facing each other with their arms extended onto each other's shoulders]] Then came a plowman with his plow; From early until late, Across the field and back again, He plowed the furrows straight. [Illustration: THE PLOW. [hands together sideways, thumbs extended slightly upward]] The harrow then was brought to make The ground more soft and loose; And soon the farmer said with joy, "My field is fit for use." [Illustration: THE HARROW. [palms downward, fingers curved and separated]] For many days the farmer then Was working with his hoe; And little Johnny brought the corn And dropped the kernels--so! [Illustration: THE HOE. [palm downward, fingers together and bent at knuckles]] [Illustration: DROPPED THE KERNELS--SO! [palm downward, fingers curved]] And there they lay, until awaked By tapping rains that fell, Then pushed their green plumes up to greet The sun they loved so well. [Illustration: TAPPING RAINS. (Drumming with the fingers)] [Illustration: POKED THEIR GREEN PLUMES UP. [fingers together extending upward]] Then flocks and flocks of hungry crows Came down the corn to taste; But ba-ang!--went the farmer's gun And off they flew in haste. [Illustration: THE GUN. (Snap the fingers) [one arm extended, holding elbow with other hand]] Then grew and grew the corn, until, When autumn days had come, With sickles keen they cut it down, And sang the "Harvest Home." [Illustration: THE SICKLE. [one arm extended and curved]] [Music: HOW THE CORN GREW. EMILIE POULSSON. CORNELIA C. ROESKE. 1. There was a field that waiting lay, All hard and brown and bare; There was a thrifty farmer came And fenced it in with care, There was a thrifty farmer came And fenced it in with care.] 2. Then came a ploughman with his plough; From early until late, Across the field and back again, He ploughed the furrows straight. 3. The harrow then was brought to make The ground more soft and loose; And soon the farmer said with joy, "My field is fit for use." 4. For many days the farmer then Was working with his hoe; And little Johnny brought the corn And dropped the kernels--so! 5. And there they lay, until awaked By tapping rains that fell, Then pushed their green plumes up to greet The sun they loved so well. 6. Then flocks and flocks of hungry crows Came down the corn to taste; But ba-ang! went the farmer's gun, And off they flew in haste. 7. Then grew and grew the corn, until, When autumn days had come, With sickles keen they cut it down, And sang the "Harvest Home." [Illustration: XV. THE MILL.] XV.--THE MILL. A merry little river Went singing day by day, Until it reached a mill-dam That stretched across its way. [Illustration: THE MILLDAM. [hand sideways, fingers straight]] And there it spread its waters, A quiet pond, to wait Until the busy miller Should lift the water-gate. [Illustration: LIFT THE WATER-GATE. [hands sideways, bent at knuckles, fingers straight]] Then, hurrying through the gateway, The dashing waters found A mighty millwheel waiting, And turned it swiftly round. [Illustration: THE MILLWHEEL. [hands turning over one another]] But faster turned the millstones Up in the dusty mill, And quickly did the miller With corn the hopper fill. [Illustration: THE MILLSTONES. [palms downward, fingers straight, one hand moving in a circle on top of the other]] And faster yet and faster The heavy stones went round, Until the golden kernels To golden meal were ground. "Now fill the empty hopper With _wheat_," the miller said; "We'll grind this into flour To make the children's bread." [Illustration: THE HOPPER. [hands cupped together]] And still, as flowed the water, The mighty wheel went round; And still, as turned the millstones, The corn and grain were ground. And busy was the miller The livelong day, until The water-gate he fastened, And silent grew the mill. [Music: THE MILL. EMILIE POULSSON. CORNELIA C. ROESKE. 1. A merry little river Went singing day by day, Until it reached a mill-dam That stretched across its way. And there it spread its waters, A quiet pond, to wait Until the busy miller Should lift the water gate.] 2. Then, hurrying through the gateway, The dashing waters found A mighty millwheel waiting-- And turned it swiftly round. But faster turned the millstone Up in the dusty mill, And quickly did the miller With corn the hopper fill. 3. And faster yet and faster The heavy stones went round, Until the golden kernels To golden meal were ground. "Now, fill the empty hopper With _wheat_," the miller said; "We'll grind this into flour To make the children's bread." 4. And still, as flowed the water, The mighty wheel went round; And still, as turned the millstones, The corn and grain were ground. And busy was the miller The livelong day, until The water gate he fastened, And silent grew the mill. [Illustration: XVI. MAKING BREAD.] XVI.--MAKING BREAD. "The farmer and the miller Have worked," the mother said, "And got the flour ready, So I will make the bread." She scooped from out the barrel The flour white as snow, And in her sieve she put it And shook it to and fro. [Illustration: THE SCOOP. [hands cupped together]] [Illustration: THE SIEVE. [fingers interlaced, palms upward, thumbs meeting]] Then in the pan of flour A little salt she threw; A cup of yeast she added, And poured in water, too. To mix them all together She stirred with busy might, Then covered it and left it Until the bread was light. [Illustration: PAN. [arms curved, fingers meeting]] [Illustration: "SALT SHE THREW." [thumb and fingertips together]] [Illustration: A CUP OF YEAST. [palm upward, fingers curved]] [Illustration: STIRRING. [fingers together, stirring]] [Illustration: COVERING. [palms downward, fingers slightly curved]] More flour then she sifted And kneaded well the dough, And in the waiting oven The loaves of bread did go. The mother watched the baking, And turned the loaves, each one, Until at last, rejoicing, She said, "My bread is done!" [Illustration: KNEADING. [fists moving up and down]] [Illustration: TURNED THE LOAVES. [fists turning sideways]] [Music: MAKING BREAD. EMILIE POULSSON. C.C. ROESKE. 1. "The farmer and the miller Have work'd," the mother said, "And got the flour ready, So I will make the bread." She scooped from out the barrel The flour white as snow, And in her sieve she put it And shook it to and fro.] 2. Then in the pan of flour A little salt she threw; A cup of yeast she added, And poured in water, too. To mix them all together She stirred with busy might, Then covered it and left it Until the bread was light. 3. More flour then she sifted And kneaded well the dough, And in the waiting oven The loaves of bread did go. The mother watched the baking, And turned the loaves, each one, Until at last, rejoicing, She said, "My bread is done!" [Illustration: XVII. MAKING BUTTER.] XVII.--MAKING BUTTER. Skim, skim, skim, With the skimmer bright; Take the rich and yellow cream, Leave the milk so white. [Illustration: SKIMMER. [palm upward, fingers slightly curved, moving back and forth]] Churn, churn, churn, Now 'tis churning day; Till the cream to butter turn Dasher must not stay. [Illustration: CHURNING. [fists holding imaginary churn-handle]] Press, press, press; All the milk must be From the golden butter now Pressed out carefully. [Illustration: LADLE. (for pressing) [sideways hand]] [Illustration: BOWL. [curved arm]] Pat, pat, pat; Make it smooth and round. See! the roll of butter's done-- Won't you buy a pound? [Illustration: "PAT, PAT, PAT." [hand patting]] [Illustration: A ROLL OF BUTTER. [fist]] Taste, oh! taste, This is very nice; Spread it on the children's bread, Give them each a slice. [Illustration: SPREADING. [index finger of one hand on flat palm of other hand]] [Music: MAKING BUTTER. EMILIE POULSSON. C.C. ROESKE. 1. Skim, skim, skim, With the skimmer bright; Take the rich and yellow cream, Leave the milk so white.] 2. Churn, churn, churn, Now 'tis churning day; Till the cream to butter turn Dasher must not stay. 3. Press, press, press; All the milk must be From the golden butter now Pressed out carefully. 4. Pat, pat, pat, Make it smooth and round. See! the roll of butter's done-- Won't you buy a pound? 5. Taste, oh! taste, This is very nice. Spread it on the children's bread, Give them each a slice. [Illustration: XVIII. SANTA CLAUS.] XVIII.--SANTA CLAUS. O, clap, clap the hands, And sing out with glee For Christmas is coming And merry are we! [Illustration: CLAPPING THROUGH THE FIRST AND LAST VERSES.] Now swift o'er the snow The tiny reindeer Are trotting and bringing Good Santa Claus near. [Illustration: PAIR OF REINDEER [fingers of both hands downward, thumbs interlaced] IN SECOND AND FOURTH VERSES.] Our stockings we'll hang, And while we're asleep Then down through the chimney Will Santa Claus creep. [Illustration: STOCKINGS. [four fingers hanging downward]] [Illustration: DOWN THE CHIMNEY. [one fist on top of the other]] [Illustration: SANTA CLAUS. [fist with thumb extended upward]] He'll empty his pack, Then up he will come And, calling his reindeer, Will haste away home. [Illustration: UP HE WILL COME. [one fist on top of the other with thumb extended upward]] Then clap, clap the hands! And sing out with glee, For Christmas is coming And merry are we! [Music: SANTA CLAUS. EMILIE POULSSON. CORNELIA C. ROESKE. 1. O, clap, clap the hands, And sing out with glee! For Christmas is coming and merry are we! Now swift o'er the snow The tiny reindeer Are trotting and bringing Good Santa Claus near. 2. O, clap, clap the hands, And sing out with glee! For Christmas is coming and merry are we! Our stockings we'll hang, And while we're asleep Then down thro' the chimney Will Santa Claus creep. 3. O, clap, clap the hands, And sing out with glee! For Christmas is coming and merry are we! He'll empty his pack, Then up he will come And calling the reindeer, Will haste away home.] *** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FINGER PLAYS FOR NURSERY AND KINDERGARTEN *** Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will be renamed. Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™ concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following the terms of the trademark license, including paying royalties for use of the Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and research. Project Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and printed and given away—you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the trademark license, especially commercial redistribution. START: FULL LICENSE THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK To protect the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the free distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work (or any other work associated in any way with the phrase “Project Gutenberg”), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project Gutenberg™ License available with this file or online at www.gutenberg.org/license. Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works 1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg™ electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property (trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in your possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. 1.B. “Project Gutenberg” is a registered trademark. It may only be used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg™ electronic works even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project Gutenberg™ electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below. 1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (“the Foundation” or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in the United States and you are located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting free access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg™ works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg™ name associated with the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project Gutenberg™ License when you share it without charge with others. 1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project Gutenberg™ work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any country other than the United States. 1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: 1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg™ License must appear prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg™ work (any work on which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” appears, or with which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, copied or distributed: This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. 1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase “Project Gutenberg” associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg™ trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. 1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is posted with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked to the Project Gutenberg™ License for all works posted with the permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. 1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg™ License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg™. 1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project Gutenberg™ License. 1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg™ work in a format other than “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other format used in the official version posted on the official Project Gutenberg™ website (www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg™ License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. 1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg™ works unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. 1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing access to or distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works provided that: • You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from the use of Project Gutenberg™ works calculated using the method you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, but he has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specified in Section 4, “Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.” • You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg™ License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of Project Gutenberg™ works. • You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of receipt of the work. • You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free distribution of Project Gutenberg™ works. 1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the manager of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. 1.F. 1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the Project Gutenberg™ collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain “Defects,” such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment. 1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the “Right of Replacement or Refund” described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, and any other party distributing a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further opportunities to fix the problem. 1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you ‘AS-IS’, WITH NO OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. 1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. 1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone providing copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in accordance with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg™ work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg™ work, and (c) any Defect you cause. Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg™ Project Gutenberg™ is synonymous with the free distribution of electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from people in all walks of life. Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg™’s goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg™ collection will remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure and permanent future for Project Gutenberg™ and future generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at www.gutenberg.org. Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-profit 501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal Revenue Service. The Foundation’s EIN or federal tax identification number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state’s laws. The Foundation’s business office is located at 809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up to date contact information can be found at the Foundation’s website and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation Project Gutenberg™ depends upon and cannot survive without widespread public support and donations to carry out its mission of increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be freely distributed in machine-readable form accessible by the widest array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations ($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt status with the IRS. The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate. While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who approach us with offers to donate. International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate. Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg™ electronic works Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg™ concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and distributed Project Gutenberg™ eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. Project Gutenberg™ eBooks are often created from several printed editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. Most people start at our website which has the main PG search facility: www.gutenberg.org. This website includes information about Project Gutenberg™, including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.