Binney the Beaver and Other Stories │ Project Gutenberg

New original cover art included with this eBook is granted to the public domain.

Binney the Beaver

——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1875, by

HENRY A. YOUNG & CO.,

in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.

——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

CHAPTER I.

BINNEY was a young beaver, who lived with several brothers and sisters, and a great many aunts, uncles, and cousins, in a beautiful pond by a stream which empties into the Missouri a long way off to the north-west.

This was not a natural pond. Some years before, two beavers, whose house had been destroyed by the Indians, set out on a journey to found a new town. They travelled along at their leisure, living upon the tender bark of the low and cotton-wood shoots, which they found in great abundance, and looking for a home. They found no place to suit them for a great many days. One stream was too swift, another too slow; another was subject to great freshets, as was plainly shown by the heaps of driftwood which lay piled on the banks, and the great logs in the bed of the stream.

At last, however, after travelling till they were tired and almost discouraged, they came one morning to the banks of a large and clear brook. Willows and cotton-wood grew all around it, there were no signs of men anywhere about, and just in the shadiest, pleasantest place there was a long reach of still water.

"This will suit very nicely," said Mr. Beaver. "I have not seen such a pleasant place since we left home."

"No place can ever be to me like that old home," said Mrs. Beaver, sighing. "I do not feel any courage at all about beginning to build in this new, strange stream."

"O, you must not be downhearted," returned Mr. Beaver, cheerily. "We shall soon have a family about us again, and every thing will be as pleasant as before our misfortunes commenced. See how handily those young cotton-woods grow for our dam. We can never be at a loss for food here, as you know was sometimes the case in our old home. We ought to be thankful also that it is early spring instead of fall. We have all the summer before us in which to work, and I can see no reason why we should not have a very nice, pleasant home before winter comes upon us."

Mrs. Beaver sighed again, but she reflected that there is no use in crying for what cannot be helped; and as she really loved her husband, she did not wish to discourage him by fretting, so she put on a cheerful face, and set to work with a good will.

It was indeed needful to keep up a stout heart, for the two beavers had a deal of hard work before them. Their first care was to build up a dam to shut in the water and make a pond. They began operations by cutting down a great many young trees about as thick as a man's wrist. Then they cut off the branches, and stripped them of their bark, which they piled away in heaps for food in winter. With these trees and branches they built their dam, sticking the ends down into the mud at the bottom of the stream, weaving them firmly together with smaller sticks, long grass, and reeds, and plastering them neatly over with mud, so that the dam, when done, was quite water-tight. It was about ten feet wide at the bottom, and sloped to two feet at the top, and was so long as to go clear across the stream, and a good way up on either bank. All this was done at night, for beavers prefer to work at night, and sleep or play in the daytime.

You may perhaps wonder how the two beavers contrived to do so much work, but they knew beforehand just what they wished to accomplish, and they had tools well adapted to their uses. Their sharp teeth were their saws and axes, wherewith to cut down the trees, and strip them of their bark, while their paws and their broad, flat tails served for hoes and trowels, to dig up the mud, and spread it for mortar. *

When Mrs. Beaver saw how nicely the work went on, she was quite cured of her low spirits, and by fall she had almost forgotten that she had ever lived anywhere else.

By the time cold weather came they had quit, finished their dam, and had also built themselves a very nice house. It was made of branches piled up cross-ways, and mixed with mud and stones, with a roof in the shape of a dome, and it was so strong and tight that no rain or snow could get through it. In this house they made very neat little beds of dried grass, and here they lived very happily, sleeping and playing, and eating the nice bark and roots which they had stored up in the fall.

CHAPTER II.

IN the spring, Mr. Beaver took a very long journey, as beavers are used to do at that time of the year; and when he came home he found that his wife had a nice little family of five young ones, big enough to run about and help in the work of the house. That summer two more pairs of beavers came and set up housekeeping on the banks of the stream. They were very good-natured, helpful people, willing to do their share of all the work which was going on, and Mr. and Mrs. Beaver gave them a warm welcome, showing them where the best bark grew, and where the white lily roots were sweetest, for beavers are usually very polite and kind to one another.

The next year there were many young beavers frisking about the dam and in the water, and in the course of time the colony grew to be a very large one. They had not been disturbed by hunters or trappers; they always had plenty to eat; they were kind to one another, and upon the whole, they were very happy.

However, nobody gets through the world without some trouble, and the beavers had their share. One year three or four of the young beavers refused to work at the dam, or at bringing in bark and branches for food. They did not like rooting in the mud, they said, or gnawing at branches till their jaws ached. They were made perfect slaves of, and they would stand it no longer. And with that they set up their backs, and showed their teeth, and tried to look very grand and independent, but they only succeeded in looking cross. Their fathers and mothers talked to them kindly about their faults, and then tried punishing them, but all did no good. They were just as idle and naughty as before.

When the other beavers saw this, they called a council to consult as to what was to be done; and after talking the matter over, they agreed that unless the idle beavers came to their senses, and were willing to do their fair share of the work, they must be driven from the village, and live by themselves as they best could.

The idlers said they did not care; they could live well enough anywhere. So the old beavers drove them out of the village, and would not let them come back any more. They also warned the other young beavers to have nothing to do with them in any way, for they were wise enough to know how soon good manners are spoiled by bad company.

So these idlers went away and lived in the woods, not very far from the beaver dam. They were too lazy and stupid to build nice houses, so they just scratched holes in the ground to sleep in, and spent their whole time in doing nothing at all, which is just the hardest work in the world when one has too much of it.

It was about two years after the idlers were driven from the village that Binney was born. As soon as he was able to notice anything, he found himself lying on a nice bed of hay with three other little beavers just like himself. They all had bright black eyes, short stout legs, very long strong fore-feet, and hind-feet webbed like those of a goose, having long claws, with which they soon learned to comb their soft fur, and keep it in nice order. They had also broad, flat tails, shaped like a mason's trowel, and clothed with scales instead of hair. They were merry little things, and soon began to have fine games of play with the other little beavers in the town. With these little friends they swam in the pond, dived from the dam, and ran about the banks of the stream all day long.

But they soon found out that life was not to be all play. As soon as they were big enough, their mothers began to teach them to work. First they learned to bring grass and straw for the nest, holding the load under their chins with one paw, and walking with the other three. Then they were taught to dive for mud and moss at the bottom of the pond, and at last to gnaw down twigs and sticks for the dam.

At first Binney thought it would be a fine thing to work like a grown-up beaver, but he soon found out that work is not as easy as play. After a time he began to be idle, and would slip away from his work to play in the woods on the bank of the stream. His mother talked to him very kindly about his fault, and told him what would be the consequence of it—that he would be driven from the town, and forced to live in the woods, where he would often be cold and hungry, and where none of his friends and relations would visit him, or speak to him.

Binney promised to be more industrious, and for a time was very good; but he pretty soon forgot his loving mother's advice and grew idle again, and the others began to look coldly upon him, and to forbid their children to play with him, for it is thought very mean and disgraceful in a beaver to be idle.

One day he was hanging about in the woods, whither he had been sent for some birch twigs with which to mend the house. His was not a hard or disagreeable task, for the twigs were small and tender, and the bark was sweet and pleasant to the taste; but Binney had learned to hate the very name of work. Still he did not dare to return without the twigs which he had been sent for, as his father had been angry with him that very morning, and said he would punish him severely unless he did better.

So he was hanging about the woods, as I have said, feeling cross and low spirited, wishing that his work was done, and yet unable to make up his mind to go about it. All at once, as he walked along, he came upon a beaver whom he had never met before.

CHAPTER III.

THE beaver that Binney met in the woods did not look at all like Binney's friends in the village. His fur was ragged and dirty, and full of burrs and straws, as though it had not been combed in a long time. His eyes were partly closed, as if he were fast asleep, and he lounged along in a careless, lazy way, very different from the active, busy pace of the beavers in the town.

"Hollo, young one!" cried he, as he caught sight of Binney. "Who are you, and what are you about here?"

Binney was not used to being addressed in this rude way, for beavers are usually very polite to each other, and at first he did not know what to reply.

"Yes," said Binney, finding his voice at last; "I was sent out here for some birch twigs."

The stranger began to laugh in a very rude way. "O, sent for twigs, were you! If I were a smart young fellow like you, I would be above being sent here and there, and working like a slave for all the town. I would take to the woods; and live by myself, and for myself! That's what I would do."

"But my mother says the wood-beavers often go cold and hungry, and that no decent beaver would speak to them," said Binney.

"What's that you say?" said the stranger, turning fiercely upon Binney. "Do you know, young one, I have a great mind to bite your head off? How dare you come here and be saucy to me?"

"Please, sir, I did not mean to be saucy," he said, humbly. "I did not know that you were a wood-beaver."

"You are a fool!" said the wood-beaver roughly. "The wood-beavers are much better off than such poor sneaks as you. I would not go into their town—no, not to have the whole of it. But you dare not say your life is your own, you are so afraid of your ma-a!", and he drawled out the word, and laughed in a very disagreeable manner.

Binney felt very much vexed, and so he ought to have been; but it was not in the right way. Instead of being angry at the wood-beaver for speaking so disrespectfully of his kind friends, he was vexed to think he should be laughed at, and that the wood-beaver should suppose he was afraid to do wrong.

"O yes, that is all well enough to say now," replied the wood-beaver; "but you dare not go over to the other stream with me, to save your life."

"O, not very far! Just beyond these woods, and across a meadow. There are plenty of lily roots there, and nice red raspberries besides; but they will never do you any good, because you are afraid to go after them."

"I am not at all afraid," said Binney. "I will go this minute, if you will only show me the way."

"Come along with me then," said the wood-beaver. "Now you show some spirit. I should not wonder if you turned out a fine fellow after all."

Binney was just silly enough to be vastly pleased at being flattered by his companion, and they walked along together through the woods, talking as they went.

It was a long walk, and Binney was very tired before they reached the place; but he dared not say so, for fear the wood-beaver should laugh at him. At last, however, they reached the meadow, where they were joined by several other wood-beavers, as ragged, dirty, and ill-bred as his guide, who stared at Binney in a very rude manner, saying "Hollo! What young one is this dressed up so very fine?"

"It is one of the town-beavers," said Binney's friend; "he wanted to see a little of life, so I brought him along."

"Yes, to be a spy upon us, and then run home and tell tales," said a very large and rough looking fellow. "Better bite his head off, and stop his tattling once for all."

"You shall do no such thing," said Binney's friend. "We were all town-beavers once, and he is as good as the rest. Never mind, Binney, he shall not hurt you; you shall live with us, and learn to be free and bold as we are."

Binney did not like the prospects of living with the wood-beavers; but he thought they would be going home presently, and then he could slip away and run home to the village. I am sorry to say he began to think what sort of a story he should tell to excuse himself to his father, for like most idlers, he had already learned to make false excuses. But he made a sad mistake, as you will see by and by.

CHAPTER IV.

THE beavers played all day long about the pond, and in the meadow. Binney knew very well how to dive for the lily roots, and when his companions found this out they kept him busy enough. It was, "Binney, just get me a piece, there is a good fellow;" and "Binney, just take one more dive for me, and I will do as much for you some day," till Binney was almost tired out, and began to think he might a good deal better have got his twigs and gone home.

As the sun began to sink low in the sky he grew uneasy, and hinted to his new friend that they might as well be turning homeward.

"We are going to stay here to-night," said the wood-beaver, stretching himself and yawning. "One place is as much home as another to us. I say, Binney, just pull that burr out of my ear, will you?"

Binney pulled out the burr, and then said, trying very hard to speak bravely, "Well, I must go home at any rate, so good night, and thank you."

"Heyday!" cried the largest of the wood-beavers. "Not quite so fast, my young friend. You are not going back to the town to tell tales, and bring all your friends to our feeding ground. Not if I know it."

"No, indeed!" cried all the wood-beavers. "You came of your own free will, and now you must stay. There is no such thing as going back."

Poor Binney! He begged and prayed, but the wood-beavers only laughed at him, and abused him, so that at last he dared say no more, but made up his mind, though with a heavy heart, to spend the night away from home. He could not help crying bitterly as he thought of his dear kind father and mother waiting and looking for him; of the nice warm house, the good supper, and frolics in the pond by moonlight with the good little beavers of the town.

"O, if I had only minded my father, and gone straight home," said he; "but if I once get back, I will never be so naughty again." He did not know that he was never to see his pleasant home nor his kind father any more.

The next day was spent by the wood-beavers in eating, sleeping, and fighting among themselves. Binney found himself a perfect slave. It was, "Binney do this," "Binney do that," "Binney come here this minute, or I'll bite your head off!" till the poor little beaver was tired off his feet. He could not get the least chance to put his fur in order, which added to his discomfort, for he had been brought up to very neat habits. Once he began to comb out his fur a little, but the other beavers found him out, and laughed at him so much that he did not try it again.

Things went on in this way for two or three weeks and Binney grew more and more homesick every day, but he could not run away. The wood-beavers thought it a fine thing to have a slave to wait upon them, and they kept a close watch upon all his motions. One day, however, as he was sitting in a very sorrowful mood behind an old stump, where he had crept for a little rest, his first acquaintance, who had several times taken his part, came and sat down by his side.

"Come along then," said his friend; "I am going into the woods again, and will show you the way; but we must set out this minute, before they miss us. I do think they abuse you, that is the truth."

"O, I am so glad," said Binney, giving a great skip. "Now I shall see my dear father and mother once more."

"Well, do not make such a great noise about it," said the wood-beaver so gruffly that Binney was scared, and walked along quite meekly and silently for a while, till his friend said in a milder tone, "So you like the thought of going home, hey!"

"Why, as to that, I have had to work a great deal harder since I left home than ever I did before, and have had plenty of cuffs and bites into the bargain. And besides, if you will excuse me for saying so—"

"I do really think that town-beavers have better times than wood-beavers. To be sure, they have to work sometimes when they don't like it, but then each one has his own special task, and no one crowds or imposes on another. They have plenty of time for fun, and when they do play, they enjoy it very much."

"You did not think so when you were sent after the birch twigs," said the wood-beaver.

"No," said Binney, with a deep sigh; "but I have learned a great deal since that time."

"Well, little one, I think upon the whole you are right," said the wood-beaver; "I do believe you are."

"If you think so, why don't you come back to the town yourself?" said Binney, rather timidly.

The wood-beaver sighed. "They would not let me, Binney. Don't you know it is the rule, that when a beaver is once driven away from the town, he can never come back again. Even if I could return, I am too old; I could not learn to work, and I should not know what to do with myself in respectable society. No, I have made my choice, and now I must abide by it. But you are young, and they will pardon you for running away. I advise you never to try it again, but to obey the laws, and live in peace. See, here is the brook."

"That is because we are low down," replied his friend. "We must follow up the stream till we come in sight of the dam, and then you can easily run home."

CHAPTER V.

THE two beavers walked slowly along the bank till by and by they began to smell something very strong and sweet; at least so they thought, though I doubt whether any one but a beaver would have liked the perfume.

So they walked toward the edge of the water, where they saw some green twigs stuck into the mud, from which the perfume seemed to proceed. Somehow or other Binney did not like the look of these green twigs. He had never seen any set in that way, and he suspected something—he did not quite know what. "See there! What track is this upon the bank?" said he.

"A bear's, of course," said the wood-beaver, without once looking at it. If he had done so, he would have seen that no bear ever made such a track; but he was in such a hurry to reach the green twigs that he could think of nothing else.

Binney followed slowly, and it was well that he did so, for in a moment more he heard his friend scream out with pain and fear. He ran to see what was the matter.

"O, I am caught! I am caught!" cried the poor wood-beaver, pulling with all his might to get away. But his paw was fast in the iron trap, and he could not get it out.

"It must be a trap, such as I have heard my great-grandmother tell of," said Binney, trembling; "and I dare say the strange track I saw was that of a man. What shall we do?"

"If you would gnaw this little thing off I could get my paw out," said the wood-beaver.

Binney gnawed with all his might, but in vain. He could not make even the least little mark on the iron of the trap.

"There, it is all of no use," said the wood-beaver, despairingly. "You had better run right home, and leave me to my fate, Binney! It serves me right for leading you astray in the first place. Keep on up the stream till you come to the dam, and be sure you tell every beaver you meet that there is a trapper about. Make haste, or he will come back and catch you."

"I cannot go, and leave you in this scrape," said Binney, crying bitterly. "It was as much my fault as yours. I would bite my own paw off rather than be caught. Beavers do so sometimes. Grandmamma told us so."

But before Binney could make up his mind what to do, two men burst through the bushes with guns in their bands. One of them gave the wood-beaver a knock on the head which killed him, while the other seized upon Binney, who, in his fright, did not know which way to run, and so stood still. O how he did kick and bite; but all was of no use. He could not get away.

"Yes, just what we want," replied the other. "Come, let us take him to the camp."

The man who held him, however, did not seem to wish to hurt him, and only laughed when Binney kicked and tried to bite. The men went along up the stream, treading quietly and making no noise, till they came within sight of the dam, when they stopped, and set their traps around.

You may guess how Binney felt when he saw his dear old home so near, with all his friends and relations playing about it, and yet could not even warn them of the cruel traps. But there was no help for it.

The men set their traps, as I have said, and then went away through the woods to a place at some distance, where they had a camp, and where some men were sitting around a fire.

"A young beaver, captain," said the man who held Binney. "Just such as the Englishman wants. He is old enough to feed, and not too old to tame."

The captain seemed much pleased, patted Binney's head, and offered him some bread; but the poor little beaver was far too sad and scared to care about eating. Binney was now fastened with a light chain to the stump of a tree, and a box was given him to run under.

For two or three days he would eat nothing; he spent his whole time gnawing at his chain; but he grew tired of that when he found it did no good. And by and by he grew tamer, and began to relish the bits of bread, and twigs, and the lumps of sugar which the men gave him; and would soon have grown fond of his captors if he had not seen them kill so many of his acquaintances. Every day they brought into the camp beavers which they had caught in their traps. Binney soon observed, however, that very few of the inmates of the village were taken in this way. Almost all the bodies were those of the lazy wood-beavers. As soon as they were brought in, the trappers skinned them, and dried the skins. The bodies were then thrown away or buried, for beaver meat is not very good to eat.

After a time the men found they had as many beaver skins as they wanted, so they broke up their camp and went away. Binney travelled many days and nights, now by land, and now by water; sometimes on horseback, or in a wagon; now on the cars, and again in a great ship over the ocean, till at last he arrived at the city of London.

CHAPTER VI.

WHEN Binney came to London, he was taken to the house of a gentleman who was very fond of animals. This gentleman was a very wise and good man, and he has written a number of charming books about animals, which you will read some day. Binney was taken into a room on the ground-floor, where sat a very nice and kind looking old lady, who was busy stoning raisins.

"A sailor has just brought this here little beast to my master, ma'am," said the servant. "Here is a letter which came along with it."

"I suppose it must be the beaver which Mr. B— expected from Canada," said the old lady, who was the housekeeper. "Poor thing! How dirty it is. Bring a basin of water, Thomas. I dare say it will like to drink."

Thomas brought a large basin full of clean water, and set it down on the stone hearth. Now Binney had not had any water to wash in for a long, long time, and seeing this fine bowl of clean water, he plunged into it head first, rolling about and grunting with delight.

"Poor thing, how pleased it is with its bath," said the old lady, who was very neat herself, and a great admirer of cleanliness in others. "I have heard that beavers live mostly in the water. I wonder what it eats?"

"I am sure I don't know," said Thomas, who, to say the truth, did not know much about any thing except opening the door, and waiting upon the table. "I can't think why master wants so many animals about. Dirty things, always making a litter for me to clean up."

"As to that, Thomas, your master has a right to please himself," said the old lady. "I suppose, at any rate, a biscuit will do the creature no harm."

She opened a cupboard door as she spoke, and taking out a large sweet biscuit, she gave it to Binney, who had never before tasted anything so good. It was soon eaten, and Binney, after combing out his fur with his claws, lay down at the housekeeper's feet, and fell fast asleep.

By and by Mr. B— came home to his dinner, which he usually took quite late. As Thomas was clearing away the things, he said to his master:

"If you please, sir, the beaver have come, and brought you a letter from Canada."

"Ah!" said Mr. B—, smiling. "A letter of introduction, I suppose. Bring him up stairs, Thomas, and let us have a look at him."

Thomas made no reply, but went down to the housekeeper's room, where Binney lay at the kind old lady's feet. He had combed his fur out clean with his long claws, and looked and felt much better than when he arrived, so much so that he was rolling over and over before the fire, playing in his clumsy way, and grunting with pleasure. He had not felt so happy since he left his home in the north-west.

"Master says I am to bring this here beast up stairs; but how I am to bring him, I should like to know," said Thomas, sulkily. "I dare say he will bite me if I touch him. Here, beast! Come here, sir!"

"I will take him up myself," said the kind housekeeper, rising. "Come along, there is a good little fellow."

Binney was very ready to follow the old lady who had been so good to him, and he trotted along after her up the stairs, which were very low and easy, till he came to the drawing-room. It was a large, handsome room, nicely furnished, and had a thick, soft carpet upon the floor. Mr. B— sat before the bright fire, reading the paper; but he looked up as the housekeeper came in with Binney behind her.

"Ah, thank you, Mrs. Smith," said he. "So you have brought our new pet. How does he seem?"

"Well, sir, he seems a deal better than when he came," replied Mrs. Smith. "I have fed him, and given him some water to wash in, and he seems quite lively and playful like."

Just then something bounded from the top of a high bookcase, and came down on the floor. Binney looked at it in great surprise. He had never seen such a creature in all his travels. It was a little animal of a reddish gray color, about the size of a half-grown kitten, but much more active and graceful. Its face was white, its nose long and sharp, and its eyes extremely large and bright. Its feet were shaped much like a man's hands, and it had a very long furry tail. It was a white-fronted lemur, from the island of Madagascar, far away in the Indian Ocean.

"O ho, Mackey! So you have waked up," said Mr. B—. "You seem in fine spirits to-night. Here is a new playmate for you."

At that moment Mackey, for that was the lemur's name, caught sight of Binney, whom he had not noticed before. With one bound he sprang from the rug by the fire to the top of a high door, a distance of many yards, where he sat staring down at the newcomer as though he did not know what to make of him.

Binney, on his part, was as much astonished as the lemur. He had seen the squirrels in the woods make great leaps, but nothing compared to Mackey's.

By and by Mackey seemed to make up his mind that Binney was not dangerous, for he came down from his high post to the arm of his master's chair, and from that to his feet, where he sat very contentedly with his long furry tail wrapped round his neck and arms, like the boas which ladies used to wear some years ago. After staring at Binney for a while longer, he wrapped himself up still closer, and went to sleep.

CHAPTER VII.

BINNEY and Mackey, the lemur, soon became great friends, and every day after dinner they had a good frolic in the drawing-room. Binney would come up to Mackey as he sat on his master's foot before the fire, and by all sorts of odd motions invite him to play. Mackey was very ready to accept the challenge, and in an instant would jump on Binney's back, or on his broad, flat tail, and off again to the tables and chairs, skipping and dancing, and making a hundred motions to Binney's one.

Binney would shuffle and prance in his clumsy way, run after Mackey with his mouth open, and slap his tail on the carpet till he made all ring again; but they never quarrelled in their play. They often had cake, nuts, and other dainties given them, which they always shared in the most amiable manner, and upon the whole they were very happy.

One day when Binney was left alone in his master's dressing-room, he thought he would try to build a dam. To be sure, he had no twigs, sticks nor stones with which to build; no mud nor moss for mortar, and there was no water to run over the dam when it was done; but he thought it would make things seem a little like home again. So to work he went in a corner of the room, and dragged together tongs and shovels, the hearth-broom and warming-pan, his master's canes and umbrellas, and a broom and dusting brush which Mary the housemaid had left behind her that morning. These things he piled up as well as he could, till he had made quite a high dam.

Just as he finished it, Mackey, who had been asleep on the mantel over the fire, waked up, and jumped down to see what his friend was about.

"We always built dams at home," said Binney. "Where I used to live there was such a big one—O! as long as this house, and almost as high as this room. Its use is to set back the water in the brook, and make a pond, in which we build our houses."

"Yes, under that high bureau. Don't you want to help me? When it is all done, we will sit in it and tell our own histories."

"O what fun," cried Mackey, and he set to work at once, for lemurs, like monkeys, are very fond of imitating what they see any one else do. So the two friends dragged together boots and slippers, and all the small things they could find, with which they filled up the spaces between the legs of the bureau, and thus made a very nice little house.

"Now we ought to have some hay to put into it," said Binney, "but I don't know where to find any."

Mackey cast his great keen eyes round the room till they fell upon a tall press full of clean linen, which had been accidentally left open.

"I know, I know!" cried Mackey, clapping his tiny hands in great glee. "I know where there is plenty of nice hay."

And with one jump, he was on the top shelf of the press, where he found a great quantity of clean sheets, tablecloths, napkins, and towels. These he threw down to Binney, who dragged them into the house which they had made, till it was half full of the nice clean linen. When it was all done, they lay down in the midst of the nest, and began telling their stories. Binney told Mackey about the dam and they pond, the deep woods and the meadows, the tame and good beavers in the town and the wild beavers in the woods; but as you have heard all that before, I shall not repeat it. Then Mackey told his own story, as follows:

"I was born a great many thousand miles from London, in the island of Madagascar. There is never any cold weather in that island. Water never freezes as it does here, and there is no snow nor sleet; but it rains a great deal in one part of the year. Almost the whole island is covered with thick, deep woods, in which grow all sorts of curious and beautiful things. There are many large vines which run from tree to tree for long distances, making the nicest bridges in the world for us lemurs to run upon. There are tall, many-colored canes, which shoot up fifty or sixty feet without a leaf, and as smooth as if they had been varnished. There are palm trees like great green plumes, which bear the cocoanuts they sell here; other palms which bear dates, and others still with large broad leaves as long as this room. There are beautiful plants with leaves like green lace, which grow under the water, and others which grow upon the branches of tall trees, and bear lovely, wax-like flowers.

"There are bright colored birds, like bits of Mrs. Smith's cap ribbons, which live upon trees, and others which stay on the ground. Then you may see the loris, or slow-monkey, which sleeps nearly all day, and crawls about the trees at night so slowly that you can hardly see him move. You would think a snail could far outrun him any day, and yet he manages to catch game enough to live upon very nicely. No one would ever take him for my cousin."

"I should say not," remarked Binney. "Slowness is not one of your faults, Mackey."

"For all that, he is always kind and good-natured," resumed Mackey. "Nothing can put him out of temper, except being hurried. Then there are tigers and wildcats, and many other such creatures, besides poisonous snakes, whose bite would kill you in a few minutes, and huge serpents big enough to kill a deer, squeezing him to death, and swallowing him whole afterwards."

"Really and truly, Binney. I have seen with my own eyes one of these serpents kill a huge goat and swallow him, and I know that they kill cows in the same way. After they have taken this big mouthful they lie asleep and stupid for three or four weeks before they want any more."

CHAPTER VIII.

"IN just such a place as I have described to you I was born," continued Mackey. "The first thing I remember clearly, I was hanging on my mother's back with both my arms round her neck, as she ran along one of the vines I have spoken of, which formed a bridge across a rapid roaring stream. My father was before us, and just as we reached the middle of the bridge, he stopped, and began shaking it in play. I screamed with terror, for I thought we should certainly fall, and my mother called on him to stop, telling me at the same time that there was no danger. When my father saw that I was really frightened, he ceased his play, and brought me a ripe date to comfort me.

"O, we used to have fine frolics in those woods. There were a great many of us, and we were all very friendly together. Now and then we young ones got into a quarrel, but we soon made friends again. We had plenty of fruit and nuts, nice tall trees to play and sleep in, and nothing to fear except the snakes and wildcats."

"I should think a wildcat would have had hard work to catch you," remarked Binney.

"Yes, if I saw him first; but then, you know, he might pounce upon me unawares. Well, in this way I lived for the first long happy year of my life. One unlucky day, however, I left my father and mother on a tree, and went away by myself into the woods for a ramble. I travelled along at leisure, now and then stopping to gather dates, or some other fruit, till I found myself upon the sea-shore, and then I thought I would go down to the beach and see what I could find there.

"I noticed a tall ship on the water, and some sailors in a boat near the shore; but I had seen them before, and did not feel any alarm, as I was quite sure of my ability to keep out of their way. I saw some broken biscuits lying under the tree, and I thought I would go down and examine them. I took a bit very cautiously at first, and finding it very nice, was proceeding to make a hearty meal, when all at once I found myself caught in a net, while at the same moment a sailor sprang from a thicket near by, and made me prisoner. O how I did scratch and bite, but it was of no use. I could not get away.

"The sailor was very much pleased with his prize. He carried me on board the ship, and gave me to the captain, who received me kindly, admired my fine fur and long bushy tail, and offered me all sorts of good things to eat. But you may guess I had not a great deal of appetite at that time. From the ship I could see the shore and the green woods, and I almost fancied I could hear my father and mother calling me.

"The next day the ship sailed away. I saw the woods sink lower and lower, and the land grow more and more dim and distant, till at last it faded away entirely, and nothing met my eyes but water, water in every direction. I was very sad at first, and almost thought my heart would break. But the captain and all the men were kind to me; I had plenty to eat and drink, and abundance of playmates, and I began to find out that running up and down the ropes was almost as good fun as climbing trees. Once I fell into the water. I gave myself up for lost at that time, for I cannot swim at all; but one of the men threw me a rope, which I caught, and he hauled me on board wrapped me up in a blanket to warm me. After that I was more careful.

"After a voyage of many months I came to this country, and the captain gave me to our master. I am very happy here. The days are cold and dark, and there are no pretty trees; but every one is kind to me, and now that I have you to play with, my dear, good old Binney, I am as contented as if I were at home in Madagascar."

So saying, Mackey put his little arms round Binney's neck, and gave him a good hug; and when Mrs. Smith came up to see what had become of her pets, she found them fast asleep together in the nest which they had made.

And now I come to the end of Binney's history; a very melancholy end, I am sorry to say. Mr. B— had occasion to leave town for a while, and thinking that a change would be good for Binney, who had grown fat and lazy from too much good living, he sent him to the Tower, where a number of wild animals were kept at that time. Cops, who had the charge of these animals, received Binney with pleasure, and treated him with the greatest possible kindness.

But the change was a sad one for poor Binney. He missed the liberty he had enjoyed in his master's house; he missed his merry little playmate, the lemur; and above all, he pined for his kind friend, Mrs. Smith. He grew thin and weak, moped about all day, and would take no food except a few raisins now and then. At last Mr. Cops grew so much alarmed about his health that he determined to carry him home again. But it was too late. The beaver's heart was broken. As soon as he saw his old friend, he gave a little cry of joy, crept to his favorite place under her chair, and died!

Mackey's destiny was not so mournful. His master thought he would be sorrowful without the society of his old friend, so he sent him to the Regent's Park gardens, where there are a great many wild animals of all descriptions. Here they gave him a nice house, and a pretty little wife of his own species, with whom he lived long and happily, and for all I know, he may be living yet.

TOM, Charley, and Sue were making a visit to their cousins, and it was rather trying to have a rainy day. In the first place, it was in the spring, and they had expected to have a delightful ramble after early flowers that very morning; in the next place, the house was a small one, and there were eight children besides the older people who lived in it, so there was not room for any very extensive in-door plays. Who wanted to sit down and read in all that hubbub, or to play "What is my thought like?" or "Capping Poetry," when the snow was all gone?

Whatever feelings were entertained by the young people, they were fully, though secretly, reciprocated by the older ones, who thought with dismay of what their ears must endure before the sun shone again.

Therefore, when Charley flung up his cap, (which he always had conveniently by him, even in the house, notwithstanding his mother's lessons upon good manners,) and shouted, "I have it! Let's have an exhibition in the barn!" the proposition was received with universal acclamation.

It was Charley's private idea that since the number of children was much greater than the number of "grown-ups," as he irreverently called them, it would be more satisfactory, and more like a real exhibition, if some of the little ones were to act as audience instead of performers. But Charley was a very kindhearted boy, and did not like to say this, so he consulted his Aunt Mary on the subject.

"Ah, my dear," said she, "to be sure it would be more like a real exhibition if you should do so, but I don't think it would be more satisfactory. I think you will give satisfaction to a greater number of people by letting all take part."

"I'll tell you," said George; "we can have this little low haymow for the stage, it's first-rate; almost all the hay is gone, and we can pitch the rest of it back into one corner."

This was speedily done, though not without some delay, caused by Tom and Fred, who, younger than their brothers, had not their business turn, and persisted in turning somersaults on the fragrant hay.

"What shall we do for a curtain?" said George. "We never can get along without one."

"I know," said his sister Alice; "there's that red patch bed quilt: I guess mother will let us have that."

So the bed quilt was procured, and put up in a very satisfactory manner, though, as a true story-teller, I am bound to relate that to its latest days it bore the marks of some small nails which were driven through it with the utmost care by George, who thought it as well to do it first, and confer with his mother about it afterwards.

"But now," said he, in some perplexity, as he surveyed his completed work, "how are we going to work to make it stay up while we speak our pieces?"

"That's no matter," said Sue; "we only want a curtain while we are getting ready. We can come in front of it when we get ready to speak."

"I did when I speaked my piece at the exsmishun," squeaked little Ben in a small voice.

But little Ben was immediately hissed down, for Charley and George felt that they never could endure the humiliation of coming before the curtain, instead of having the curtain rise before them.

"I'll tell you," said Charley, "let some of the little ones stand and hold the curtain back while we are speaking."

"Yes," said Alice, with the kindest intentions, "Ben can do that. It'll be just as nice as speaking, Ben, because then the people can see you all the time. Besides, you haven't any piece to speak."

"Yis I hev," said Ben, opening his round blue eyes with an injured look; "I kin speak the one I speaked at the exsmishun."

Now the fact was, on the memorable occasion alluded to, Master Ben had found himself, to his astonishment, all abroad the moment he appeared before the curtain, and after having repeated the last two lines of the second verse, followed by the first two of the fourth, he had ignominiously retreated. But, he had been applauded, and applause is sweet to youth, so he had no objection to winning new laurels on the present occasion.

Alice thought it unwise to allude to his former defeat, so she only said, "O, you've forgotten it, Ben."

"How I wander from the subject," suggested George. "I'll tell you what, Ben, you'll think it is splendid to hold up the curtain. You may wear my soldier cap if you want to, and I guess mother 'll let you have the peacock's feather over the looking-glass to put in it."

Thus solicited, Ben very prudently refrained from any further speculations about the star, and addressed himself to the work of collecting the articles necessary for his adornment.

"Now, in the first place," said Charley, "we want one good, long dialogue, and then we'll each speak a piece besides."

"I don't see how we are going to learn a dialogue in such a little while," said Sue.

"I know what we can do," said Alice; "we can have a charade, and then we shan't have to learn it beforehand."

"Well, that's what I don't know," said Charley, considering. "I suppose Uncle George wouldn't let us move the piano out here for such a little while, would he?"

"No, indeed," said Alice, who loved music, and had no idea of having her piano banged about in that style.

"Well," said Charley, "that's capital; and you whistle, George, and then they'll know what tune it is. And let me take your trumpet, and I know I can come in, in time."

And according to the ideas of some, it was probably splendid. The family assembled in the barn soon after dinner, for it had taken all the morning for the preparations. One bench held the whole audience—Aunt Mary, Uncle George, Grandma, and Patty, the maid.

The eleven performers were unseen, but not unheard behind the curtain. Then the six boys appeared in front, each with a red scarf round his waist, to signify that they were a band in uniform. As Charley had suggested, by the efforts of George, who was a good whistler, the listeners were enabled to distinguish the tune of "Rally round the Flag," though their efforts to decide what it was were made somewhat difficult by the drum, which came in invariably upon the wrong beat of the measure, by the clatter of the clappers, which threatened to drown everything else, and by the plaintive wail of the harmonicon, upon which Ben had as yet learned to produce but two sounds, one by blowing out and the other by blowing in.

The applause at the close of the piece was so pleasing that Charley was just proposing that they should repeat it, when the cheering ceased, Uncle George saying that it would really be unfair to take advantage of their willingness to accommodate when they had paid an admission fee sufficient to entitle them to hear each piece once.

The next article on the programme was a poem, beginning, "The boy stood on the burning deck," recited by Master Jamie, the curtain, meanwhile, being held up by Master Ben, gorgeous in his cap and feather.

Directly after this followed a duet from Alice and Sue—"Two merry hearts are we," which was very prettily sung. Next, Tom appeared before the curtain, a great bustle going on behind it at the same time, and recited a humorous poem, which concluded with a moral, stating that "Vinegar never catches flies."

Then there was a prolonged pause of preparation for the central attraction—the charade. Then those who did not appear in the first scene came out and took their places in the audience, and the curtain rose. Behold a ricketty old chaise-top, to which a rocking-horse was harnessed! In the chaise sat Charley, with a sermon of Uncle George's in his hands, a tall hat on his head, and grandma's spectacles across his nose. Behind the chaise stood George, with a bell in his hand, which he rang ten times, the first nine times slowly and the tenth quickly.

"That must mean just half-past nine o'clock. Just the hour of the 'earthquake shock,'" said Aunt Mary.

But before the words were out came a crash and a bang; over went the chaise, and it was buried in an instant under a load of hay pitched upon it by the little boys, from the midst of which Charlie's head presently rose, in a rather fouled condition, and an expression of bewilderment on his countenance. This was the point at which the curtain should have fallen, and fall it did, though quite unconsciously on Ben's part, since he was so lost in admiration of the scene that he forgot his duty of holding it up, instead of remembering his duty of letting it fall.

Another tremendous bustle behind the curtain. Then it rose again. Alice, in a dress of her grandmother's, with spectacles and knitting, sat by a little work-table; Sue, with a basket of mending, was on the other side; Emma sat on a stool reading aloud, and the little twins were playing with their blocks on the floor.

"Hush!" said Alice, laying down her knitting; and the others listened, too. "I think I hear a noise. Daughter, wont you look and see what it is?"

So Sue pretended to go to a window and look out. "I don't see anything," said she, and sat down again.

At that instant there was a shrill whoop from behind the breastwork of hay thrown up in the corner, and all the boys—except Ben, who, notwithstanding the glory of his dress, looked on sorrowfully—arrayed in tall caps adorned with rooster's feathers, and with such toy muskets and tin swords as are to be found in the garret of any house where there are four boys, rushed in and seized hold of the girls, who had risen with what was meant for a terrified look, though Emma could not refrain from snickering a little.

"In the name of Jefferson Davis, you are prisoners!" said Charley in a stentorian voice, who wore the tallest feathers and the longest sword.

Then the girl took to tears, and the boys to threats, and finally the boys led the girls off captives, after a very amusing and exciting scene.

Then George appeared again, and stated that in acting the syllables of the word they had acted the whole; and Aunt Mary won a great reputation for smartness, because she guessed it was "charade" (shay-raid).

Now followed a scene between Brutus and Cassius, performed by Charley and George.

Then Emma sang the touching ballad of the "Three little kittens." Fred was eloquent as Rienzi addressing the Romans, and the twins recited in concert,—

"Very little things are we;
O, how good we ought to be.
Never quarrel, never fight,
That would be a shocking sight."

After this Charley gave a finishing touch to the entertainment by an original epilogue.

"Dear friends, we're about to part,
And I hope from my heart,
That you think we've been smart.
We've done our best,
With a great deal of zest.
It must be confessed,
Since our riddle you guessed,
That you are smart, too,
And therefore, adieu."

And so the rain did no harm, after all, to anything but the patch bed quilt; and Aunt Mary said that was of no consequence but it would have been right to ask her before driving the nails through it. And though George at first felt rather ashamed of himself on account of the bed quilt, the exhibition closed with a very pleasant feeling all around.

THE sun had gone down behind the steeples and chimneys of the city, and left a bright sky in the west to conclude a day which was a happy New Year's day to many hearts.

But there were others in that city who saw nothing in the bright red sky to assure them that the new year was likely to prove to them any better than the old, and who would have been glad enough, amid many years of want and sorrow, to have one happy new year.

Mr. Ellison had been calling on a friend, and had just stepped from door when he was accosted by a young girl, who asked, "Please, sir, do you know of any one wanting a nurse-girl?"

He looked earnestly at the face before him, and replied, "I have a little boy at home who lost his nurse lately, but you look rather young for that position. What is your name?"

"My name is Norah, sir; my mother is dead, and I live with Judy Finegan; but the times are too hard for her to keep and feed me any longer. I would try to suit you, sir, if you would take me."

"It is too cold to stand here; tell me where you live, and I will call and see you in the morning." And receiving her answer, he passed on.

"My dear," said Mr. Ellison to his wife, as they sat at their pleasant tea-table, "I heard of a nurse for you to-day. Are you suited yet?"

Mr. Ellison related the circumstances, and continued: "There was something in the girl's face that particularly interested me. The fact is, I believe she looks like you."

Mrs. Ellison smiled. "It was probably nothing but your kind heart, which allows itself to be interested in a case of suffering where another would be unconcerned. But seriously, husband, if I should take so young a nurse, I fear, instead of relieving me, she would add to my perplexities."

"Well, what say you, Aunt Hannah?" asked Mr. Ellison of a prim, but mild-looking old lady in the quaint Quaker dress, who had been listening to the conversation.

"What do I say? Why, that in this matter thee has erred more than is thy wont. Thee knows that a girl taken from the streets of this wicked city is not a fit companion for thy innocent little Kate, who, though only six years old, is an apt scholar. I wonder at thee, John, for thinking of it;" and Aunt Hannah replaced her spectacles, and looked gravely at her nephew.

"But, Aunt," answered Mr. Ellison, warmly, "this, I am sure, is no common street vagrant; besides, we have not decided the matter; Mary will go with me to see her in the morning, and if she is not satisfied, there is an end of it."

Though wearied by her walk, Norah burst joyfully into the humble room she called home. "I saw a kind looking gentleman that wants a nurse, and he promised to come and see me in the morning. Now I shall earn money, and buy all you need, and you shall have a doctor, for you are growing pale and thin."

It was a homely and thoroughly Irish face that turned to Norah, and a kind voice that sought to calm the excited child.

"Be quiet, honey; ye mustn't be afther making such a time o' it, at all at all. The promises o' great folks are not as it is wid de poor, and ye may niver see the gintleman again, nor de likes o' him. I have seen de likes o' it before now. Come and eat your supper," she continued, taking at the same time a cup containing some broken pieces of bread and meat, which had been simmering over the fire.

Norah finished her supper, and then throwing herself on a little straw pallet, which she drew up to the fire, was soon sleeping as peacefully as though she rested on a bed of down.

Judy waited until the regular breathing betrayed Norah's sound slumber; then going to a chest, she took from it a worsted dress, which she had already commenced to alter into one of smaller size. By the light of a penny candle and the flame of the fire, which was occasionally supplied with pieces of an old tub, the dress was completed, and with a mingled look of admiration and regret she laid it on the chest, and lay down by the side of Norah.

By morning's dawn she was again astir. While scrubbing the door-step a wagon load of potatoes stopped just in front of the house to allow a train of carriages to pass. Judy gazed with wistfulness toward the wagoner, which, though she was silent, he could not fail to understand.

"Here, ma'am, take a couple; I own but a peck of them myself, or you would be welcome to more." And grasping as many as his brawny hand could hold, he threw them into her apron, whipped up his horses, and drove on.

"What's up?" said Dick Carrow, talking to himself. "'Pears as if my mouth would whistle in spite of me, and my heart is as light as a feather." It was his kind act which had brought its own reward.

Judy leaned over the fire, her face brimful of honest joy, and stole a glance at Nora, who went, by her direction, to get the dress prepared for her; but great was the good woman's surprise to see the child throw herself upon it, and burst into a flood of tears.

"Doesn't it plaze you," asked Judy, who, expecting to see demonstrations of joy, did not know how to offer consolation.

"You know I like it," said Norah, as soon as she could speak; "but you have cut up your only decent dress, and now what will you do?"

"Why, bless your heart, if that is all," said Judy, "I can soon tell ye what I will be afther, doing for myself, I will wear what I have, till Miss Norah, the darlint, buys me an illegant one wid flowers as big as me hand. It's a real fit anyhow;" and she surveyed Norah in it with admiring eyes; "not a dressmaker in the city could bate it."

After watching from eight o'clock until ten, Norah was at last rewarded by a sight of Mr. Ellison and his wife.

She opened the door in answer to their knock, and gave to Mrs. Ellison the only chair the room afforded, while Mr. Ellison seated himself upon the chest.

"Judy stepped into a neighbor's to borrow a tub," said Norah, as she leaned against the fire-place, her face coloring as she saw the lady looking intently upon her.

Aunt Hannah's suggestions in regard to little Kate had led Mrs. Ellison almost to determine not to engage the girl, and yet in talking with her an interest was awakened. Surely she had seen that face before—but where? The sweet expression of the mouth, the blue eyes, shaded by their dark lashes, seemed as the reminiscence of an early dream.

"John, I have it now," she suddenly exclaimed. "It is my sister Ella's face. I was young when Ella married and went to India, but I am sure the resemblance is close. Could this girl possibly be in any way connected with her?"

Before Mr. Ellison could reply, Judy came in. In answer to their questions she told her story.

"It was fourteen years ago last summer I came over in a ship to this counthry. My man Michael and my baby were wid me when I started, but two days afther we sailed my baby died, and was buried in the say. My heart was well-nigh broke, and as I sat crooning one day, a lady wid a baby about the age of mine, came to me and put her on my lap. I felt the betther for that, madam; and many a time afther that day I nursed and carried the little baby, and she learned to love me, I assure ye of that.

"The lady told me about herself; how she had been to a far off counthry, where her husband died. Then she started to come home, and many weary months was she on the way, sometimes obliged to lay by for weeks, until her money was spint, and then she feared she niver should see her own counthry. She resaved no answer to the many letters she had sint; and when she rached Liverpool she had barely enough money to pay her passage to New York.

"The second week we were on the wather the cholera broke out, and the misery of that time I shall niver forget. I was one of the first taken down with it, but I soon got over it; but och, my dear good lady, there was poor Michael, my husband; he died in sax hours afther he was taken.

"The first day I went on deck, I saw the mother and child. The baby put out its hands to come to me, and the mother too gave me a welcome. 'Judy,' she said, and I shall never forget her swate pale face as she talked, 'I have a treasure to commit to your hands. I fale sure that I shall not rache New York, and I want you to care for my child until you can put her in my sister's hands. I have left all the directions in my dressing-case.'

"I promised, and took the child to kape that night, for I saw she was not well at all. And thin they waked me in the night to go to the lady. Sure enough it was the cholera, and by noon next day she was dead. I niver could find the dressing-case, and the only thing belonging to her was a book, and that was in her hand, they told me, when she was taken sick."

Here Judy handed Mrs. Ellison a small pocket Bible, handsomely bound. The lady gave but one glance. The words written inside, "Ella Campbell, from her husband," told the whole story, and she clasped closely to her breast her sister's orphan child.

"Who can doubt there is a Providence that directs our steps?" said Mr. Ellison to Aunt Hannah, as they sat the same evening talking over the wonderful discovery. "She will take her mother's name. Judy gave her the name of her own child when she took her; she did not know or remember the child's real name."

"We have secured her as nurse, and in this we have great cause for thankfulness, for one who has acted so faithfully and tenderly by our niece, will not fail to do her duty.

"We intend to provide for her the rest of her life. For Ella, we will at present procure a governess. She is not backward naturally, and I have no doubt she will do justice to her teachers."

It is needless to say that Mr. Ellison's predictions were verified. Ella became, in all things, a dear child and companion for her aunt, while mother Judy, as she continued to call her foster mother, found a comfortable home at Mr. Ellison's as long as she lived.

*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BINNEY THE BEAVER ***

Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will be renamed.

Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™ concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following the terms of the trademark license, including paying royalties for use of the Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and research. Project Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and printed and given away—you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the trademark license, especially commercial redistribution.

START: FULL LICENSE

PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK

To protect the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the free distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work (or any other work associated in any way with the phrase “Project Gutenberg”), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project Gutenberg™ License available with this file or online at www.gutenberg.org/license.

Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works

1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg™ electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property (trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in your possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.

1.B. “Project Gutenberg” is a registered trademark. It may only be used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg™ electronic works even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project Gutenberg™ electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below.

1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (“the Foundation” or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in the United States and you are located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting free access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg™ works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg™ name associated with the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project Gutenberg™ License when you share it without charge with others.

1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project Gutenberg™ work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any country other than the United States.

1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:

1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg™ License must appear prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg™ work (any work on which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” appears, or with which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, copied or distributed:

This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook.

1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase “Project Gutenberg” associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg™ trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is posted with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked to the Project Gutenberg™ License for all works posted with the permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.

1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg™ License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg™.

1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project Gutenberg™ License.

1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg™ work in a format other than “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other format used in the official version posted on the official Project Gutenberg™ website (www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg™ License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.

1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg™ works unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing access to or distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works provided that:

• You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from the use of Project Gutenberg™ works calculated using the method you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, but he has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specified in Section 4, “Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.”
• You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg™ License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of Project Gutenberg™ works.
• You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of receipt of the work.
• You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free distribution of Project Gutenberg™ works.

1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the manager of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.

1.F.

1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the Project Gutenberg™ collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain “Defects,” such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment.

1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the “Right of Replacement or Refund” described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, and any other party distributing a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further opportunities to fix the problem.

1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you ‘AS-IS’, WITH NO OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.

1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.

1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone providing copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in accordance with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg™ work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg™ work, and (c) any Defect you cause.

Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg™

Project Gutenberg™ is synonymous with the free distribution of electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from people in all walks of life.

Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg™’s goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg™ collection will remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure and permanent future for Project Gutenberg™ and future generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at www.gutenberg.org.

Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation

The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-profit 501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal Revenue Service. The Foundation’s EIN or federal tax identification number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state’s laws.

The Foundation’s business office is located at 809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up to date contact information can be found at the Foundation’s website and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact

Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation

Project Gutenberg™ depends upon and cannot survive without widespread public support and donations to carry out its mission of increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be freely distributed in machine-readable form accessible by the widest array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations ($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt status with the IRS.

The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate.

While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who approach us with offers to donate.

International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.

Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate.

Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg™ electronic works

Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg™ concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and distributed Project Gutenberg™ eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.

Project Gutenberg™ eBooks are often created from several printed editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.

Most people start at our website which has the main PG search facility: www.gutenberg.org.

This website includes information about Project Gutenberg™, including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.

The Project Gutenberg eBook of Binney the beaver