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Title: Rig Veda Americanus
       Sacred Songs Of The Ancient Mexicans, With A Gloss In Nahuatl

Author: Various

Release Date: February 9, 2005 [EBook #14993]

Language: English and Nahuatl

Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1

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Library

of

Aboriginal American
Literature.

No. VIII.

Edited by

D. G. Brinton

Xippe Totec, God of Silversmiths, in Full Costume. Hymn XV.

Brinton’s Library of
Aboriginal American Literature.
Number VIII.

Rig Veda Americanus.

Sacred songs of the ancient Mexicans,
with a gloss in Nahuatl.

Edited, with a paraphrase, notes and
vocabulary,

by

Daniel G. Brinton

1890

Preface.

In accordance with the general object of this series of volumes—which is to furnish materials for study rather than to offer completed studies—I have prepared for this number the text of the most ancient authentic record of American religious lore. From its antiquity and character, I have ventured to call this little collection the Rig Veda Americanus, after the similar cyclus of sacred hymns, which are the most venerable product of the Aryan mind.

As for my attempted translation of these mystic chants I offer it with the utmost reserve. It would be the height of temerity in me to pretend to have overcome difficulties which one so familiar with the ancient Nahuatl as Father Sahagun intimated were beyond his powers. All that I hope to have achieved is, by the aid of the Gloss—and not always in conformity to its suggestions—to give a general idea of the sense and purport of the originals.

The desirability of preserving and publishing these texts seems to me to be manifest. They reveal to us the undoubtedly authentic spirit of the ancient religion; they show us the language in its most archaic form; they preserve references to various mythical cycli of importance to the historian; and they illustrate the alterations in the spoken tongue adopted in the esoteric dialect of the priesthood. Such considerations will, I trust, attract the attention of scholars to these fragments of a lost literature.

In the appended Vocabulary I have inserted only those words and expressions for which I can suggest correct—or, at least, probable—renderings. Others will have to be left to future investigators.

Contents.

1. Preface
2. Introduction
3. 1. Hymn of Huitzilopochtli
   2. War Song of the Huitznahuac
   3. Hymn of Tlaloc
   4. Hymn to the All-Mother
   5. Hymn to the Virgin Mother
   6. Hymn to the God of Fire
   7. Hymn of Mixcoatl
   8. Hymn to the God of Flowers
   9. Hymn to the Goddess of Artists
   10. Hymn to the God of Fishing
   11. Hymn of the Otomi Leader
   12. Hymn to the Goddess of Childbirth
   13. Hymn to the Mother of Mortals
   14. Hymn Sung at a Fast every Eight Years
   15. Hymn to a Night God
   16. Hymn to the Goddess of Food
   17. Hymn to the Gods of Wine
   18. Hymn to the Master of Waters
   19. Hymn to the God of Flowers
   20. Hymn to the God of Merchants
4. Glossary
5. Index

List of Illustrations.

Introduction.

As in a previous number of the Library of Aboriginal American Literature I have discussed in detail the character of the ancient Mexican poetry, I shall confine myself at present to the history of the present collection. We owe its preservation to the untiring industry of Father Bernardino de Sahagun, one of the earliest missionaries to Mexico, and the author of by far the most important work on the religion, manners and customs of the ancient Mexicans.

By long residence and close application Sahagun acquired a complete mastery of the Nahuatl tongue. He composed his celebrated Historia de las Cosas de la Nueva España primarily in the native language, and from this original wrote out a Spanish translation, in some parts considerably abbreviated. This incomplete reproduction is that which was published in Spanish by Lord Kingsborough and Bustamente, and in a French rendering with useful notes by Dr. Jourdanet and M. Rémi Simeon.

So far as I know, the only complete copy of the Nahuatl original now in existence is that preserved in the Bibliotheca Laurentio-Mediceana in Florence, where I examined it in April, 1889. It is a most elaborate and beautiful MS., in three large volumes, containing thirteen hundred and seventy-eight illustrations, carefully drawn by hand, mostly colored, illustrative of the native mythology, history, arts and usages, besides many elaborate head and tail pieces to the chapters.

There is another Nahuatl MS. of Sahagun’s history in the private library of the King of Spain at Madrid, which I examined in May, 1888, and of which I published a collation in the Mémoires de la Sociétè Internationale des Américanistes, for that year. It is incomplete, embracing only the first six books of the Historia, and should be considered merely as a borrador or preliminary sketch for the Florentine copy. It contains, however, a certain amount of material not included in the latter, and has been peculiarly useful to me in the preparation of the present volume, as not only affording another reading of the text, valuable for comparison, but as furnishing a gloss or Nahuatl paraphrase of most of the hymns, which does not appear in the Florentine MS. As evidently the older of the two, I have adopted the readings of the Madrid MS. as my text, and given the variants of the Florentine MS. at the end of each hymn.

Neither MS. attempts any translation of the hymns. That at Madrid has no Spanish comment whatever, while that at Florence places opposite the hymns the following remarks, which are also found in the printed copies, near the close of the Appendix of the Second Book of the Historia:—

“It is an old trick of our enemy the Devil to try to conceal himself in order the better to compass his ends, in accordance with the words of the Gospel, ‘He whose deeds are evil, shuns the light.’ Also on earth this enemy of ours has provided himself with a dense wood and a ground, rough and filled with abysses, there to prepare his wiles and to escape pursuit, as do wild beasts and venomous serpents. This wood and these abysses are the songs which he has inspired for his service to be sung in his honor within the temples and outside of them; for they are so artfully composed that they say what they will, but disclose only what the Devil commands, not being rightly understood except by those to whom they are addressed. It is, in fact, well recognized that the cave, wood or abysses in which this cursed enemy hides himself, are these songs or chants which he himself composed, and which are sung to him without being understood except by those who are acquainted with this sort of language. The consequence is that they sing what they please, war or peace, praise to the Devil or contempt for Christ, and they cannot in the least be understood by other men.”

Lord Kingsborough says in a note in his voluminous work on the Antiquities of Mexico that this portion of Sahagun’s text was destroyed by order of the Inquisition, and that there was a memorandum to that effect in the Spanish original in the noble writer’s possession. This could scarcely have referred to a translation of the hymns, for none such exists in any MS. I have consulted, or heard of; and Sahagun intimates in the passage quoted above that he had made none, on account of the obscurity of the diction. Neither does any appear in the Florentine MS., where the text of the hymns is given in full, although the explanatory Gloss is omitted. This last-mentioned fact has prevented me from correcting the text of the Gloss, which in some passages is manifestly erroneous; but I have confined myself to reproducing it strictly according to the original MS., leaving its correction to those who will make use of it.

The Florentine MS. has five colored illustrations of the divinities, or their symbols, which are spoken of in the chants. These are probably copied from the native hieroglyphic books in which, as we learn from Sahagun, such ancient songs were preserved and transmitted. These illustrations I had copied with scrupulous fidelity and reproduced by one of the photographic processes, for the present work.

Such is the history of this curious document, and with this brief introduction I submit it to those who will have the patience and skill to unravel its manifold difficulties.

I. Vitzilopochtli icuic.

1. Vitzilopuchi, yaquetlaya, yyaconay, ynohuihuihuia: anenicuic, toçiquemitla, yya, ayya, yya y ya uia, queyanoca, oya tonaqui, yyaya, yya, yya.
2. Tetzauiztli ya mixtecatl, ce ymocxi pichauaztecatla pomaya, ouayyeo, ayyayya.
3. Ay tlaxotla tenamitl yuitli macoc mupupuxotiuh, yautlatoa ya, ayyayyo, noteuh aya tepanquizqui mitoaya.
4. Oya yeua uel mamauia, in tlaxotecatl teuhtla milacatzoaya, itlaxotecatl teuhtla milacatzoaya.
5. Amanteca toyauan xinechoncentlalizquiuia ycalipan yauhtiua, xinechoncentlalizqui.
6. Pipiteca toyauan xinechoncentlalizquiuia: ycalipan, yautiua, xinechoncentlalizqui.

Gloss.

1. In ivitzilopochtli ayac nouiui, id est, ayac nechneneuilia, ayac iuhqui, in iuhqui. Anenicuic, id est, amo ca nen nonicuic, in quetzali, in chalchihuitl in ixquich ynotlatqui, toçiquemitl. Queyanoca oya tonaqui, id est, onocatonat, onocatlatuit.
2. Q.n., tetzauiztli, id est, oquintetzauito, in mixteca inic oquiyaochiuhqui: oquimanilito in imicxi in pichauazteca, ioan in mixteca.
3. Ay tlaxotla tenamitl, q.n., quitepeua inin tena in aquique yauchiuallo. Iuitli macoc, q.n., oncan quitema in tiçatl in ihuitl. Mopopuxotiuh yauhtlatuaya, q.n., inic mopopuxoticalaqui yauc, ioan, q.n., yeuatl quitemaca y yauyutl quitemaceualtia, tepanquizqui, mitoayaqui yehuatl quichioa yauyutl.
4. Oya yeua huel mamauia, q.n., çan oc momamauhtiaya in aya momochiua yauyutl. Teuhtla milacatzoaya q.n., in noteuh in opeuh yauyutl, aocac momauhtica iniquac ynoteuhtli moquetza ynoteuhtica tlayoa(lli).
5. Amanteca toyauan, q.n., yn iyaoan yn aquique in cani omocentlalique ca in calipan in yautioa ca tlatlaz ynin cal.
6. Pipiteca, toyaoan, xinechoncentlalizque, q.n., in pipiteca y yaoan mochiuhque. Yn calla in mochiua yauyutl in i calipan.

Translation.
The Hymn of Huitzilopochtli.

Notes.

II. Uitznaoac yautl icuic.

1. Ahuia tlacochcalco notequioa ayayui nocaquia tlacatl, ya nechyapinauia, ayaca nomati, nitetzauiztli, auia, ayaca nomati niya, yautla, aquitoloc tlacochcalco notequioa, iuexcatlatoa ay nopilchan.
2. Ihiya quetl tocuilechcatl quauiquemitl nepapan oc uitzetla.
3. Huia oholopa telipuchtla, yuiyoc yn nomalli, ye nimauia, ye nimauia, yuiyoc yn nomalli.
4. Huia uitznauac telepochtla yuiyoc, yn nomalli, ye nimauia, ye nimauia yuiyoc, ynomalli.
5. Huia ytzicotla telipochtla, yuiyoc, yn nomalli, ye nimauia, ye nimauia, yuiyoc yn nomalli.
6. Uitznauac teuaqui, machiyotla tetemoya, ahuia oyatonac, yahuia oyatonac, machiyotla tetemoya.
7. Tocuilitla teuaqui, machiyotla tetemoya, ahuia oyatonac, yahuia oyatonac uia, machiyotla tetemoya.

The War Song of the Huitznahuac.

Notes.

III. Tlalloc icuic.

1. Ahuia Mexico teutlaneuiloc amapanitla anauhcampa, ye moquetzquetl, aoyequene y chocaya.
2. Ahuia anneuaya niyocoloc, annoteua eztlamiyaual, aylhuiçolla nic yauicaya teutiualcoya.
3. Ahuia annotequiua naualpilli aquitlanella motonacayouh tic yachiuh quitla catlachtoquetl, çan mitziyapinauia.
4. Ahuia cana catella nechyapinauia anechyaca uelmatia, anotata yn oquacuillo ocelocoatl aya.
5. Ahuia tlallocana, xiuacalco aya quizqui aquamotla, acatonalaya.
6. Ahuia xiyanouia, nahuia xiyamotecaya ay poyauhtla, ayauh chicauaztica, ayauicalo tlallocanaya.
7. Aua nacha tozcuecuexi niyayalizqui aya y chocaya.
8. Ahuia queyamica xinechiuaya, temoquetl aitlatol, aniquiya ilhuiquetl, tetzauhpilla niyayalizqui aya y chocaya.
9. Ahuia nauhxiuhticaya itopanecauiloc ayoc ynomatia, ay motlapoalli, aya ximocaya ye quetzalcalla nepanauia ay yaxcana teizcaltequetl.
10. Ahuia xiyanouia, ahuia xiyamotequaya ay poyauhtla, ayauh chicauaztlica ayauicallo tlalloca.

Gloss.

1. Auia Mexico teutlanauiloc, q.n., yn Mexico onetlanauiloc in tlaloc. Amapanitl annauhcampa ye moquetzquetl, q.n., amapanitl nauhcampa omoquequetz. Aoyeque naichocaya, id est, itlaocuyaya.
2. Auia anneuaya niyocoloc, q.n., ynehuatl ni tlalloc oniyocoloc. Annoteua eztlamiyaual, q.n., noteu eztlamiyaualtitiuh. Aylhuiçolla, q.n., yn umpa ilhuiçololo. Inic yauicaya teuitualcoya, q.n. in teuitualoc.
3. Auia annotequiua naualpilli, q.n. in tinoteuh naualpilli, i.e., tlalloc. Aquitlanella motonacayouh, q.n., ca nelli teuatl ticmochiuilia in motonacayouh. Catlachtoquetl, q.n., teuatl ticmochiuilia auh in aquin timitzpinauia.
4. Ahuia cana catella nechyapinauia, q.n., catel nechpinauia ca monechuelmati. Annotata ynoquacuillo ocelocoatl aya, q.n., yn notaua ioan yna quacuiloa yn oceloquacuili.
5. Ahuia tlallocana xiuacalco, q.n., in tlalocan xiuhcalco, id est, acxoyacalco. Ayaquizqui, q.n., umpa ualquizque. Aquamotla acatonalaya, q.n., y notauan yn oquacuiloan acatonal.
6. Ahuia xicanouia nauia xiyamotecaya, q.n., xiuian ximotecati. Ay poyauhtlan, q.n., in umpa poyauhtlan tepeticpac. Ayauh chicauaztica ayauicalo tlalocana, q.n., ayauh chicauaztica in auicalo tlalocan.
7. Aua nach tozcuecuexi niyayalizqui, q.n., y nach tozcuecuex y ye niauh niman ye choca.
8. Ahuia queyamica xinechiuaya, q.n., quenamican y ya niauh aço anechtemozque. Aniquiya ilhuiquetl tetzapilla niyayalizqui ayaichocaya, q.n., onquilhui yn tetzapilli ye niyauh niman ye choca.
9. Ahuia nauhxiuhticaya nitopanecauiloc, q.n., nauhxiuhtica in topanecauiloz, id est, in tepan mochiuaz. Ayoc inomatia ay motlapoalli, q.n., aocmo nomatia iniquin motlapoalpan. Ca oximoac ye quetzalcalla nepanauia, q.n., ye qualcan ye netlamachtiloyan ynemca. Ay yaxcana teizcaltiquetl, q.n., iniaxca inic oteizcalli.
10. Ahuia xiyanouia, q.n., xiuia. Auia xiya motecaya ay poyauhtla, q.n., ximotecati in umpa poyauhtla. Ayauh chicauaztica auicallo tlalocan, q.n., ayauh chicauaztica in auicallo in umpa tlallocan.

The Hymn of Tlaloc.

Notes.

IV. Teteuynan ycuic.

1. Ahuiya coçauic xochitla oya cueponca yeua tonana teumechaue moquiçican tamoanchan, auayye, auayya, yyao, yya, yyeo, aye ayo, ayy ayyaa.
2. Coçauic xochitla oya moxocha yeua tonana, teumechaue, moquiçica tamoanchan, ouayye, auayya, yyao, yya, yyeo, ayo aye, ayya, ayyaa.
3. Ahuia iztac xochitla, oya cueponca yeua tonana teumechaue moquiçica tamoanchan, ouayye, auayya, yyao yya, yyeo, ayeaye, ayya ayyaa.
4. Ahuiya iztac xochitla oya moxocha yeua tonana teumechaue moquiçica tamoanchan, ouayye, auayya, yyao, yya, yyeo, aye aye, ayya ayyaa.
5. Ahuia ohoya teutl ca teucontli paca tona aya, itzpapalotli, auayye, yyao, yya, yyeo, ayyaa.
6. Ao, auatic ya itaca chicunauixtlauatla maçatl yyollo, ica mozcaltizqui tonan tlaltecutli, ayao, ayyao, ayyaa.
7. Aho, ye yancuic tiçatla ye yancuic yuitla oya potoniloc yn auicacopa acatl xamontoca.
8. Aho maçatl mochiuhca teutlalipan mitziya noittaco, yeua xiuhnello, yeua mimichan.

Gloss.

1. Q.n., in tonan ocueponya umpa oalquiz yn tamoanchan.
2. Q.n., in amona ca izcui yn xochiuh ca umpa oquiz yn tmoanchan.
3. Q.n. In tonan ocuepo in umpa oquiz tamoanchan.
4. Q.n., in amona iztac in oxochiuh yn umpa oniquiz tamoanchan.
5. Q.n., in tonan ca teucumitl icpac in quiz yn itzpapalotl.
6. Q.n., in tonan ixtlauan in mozcaltito auh inic mozcalti macatl y yollo y yeua tonan tlaltecutli.
7. Q.n., auh inic potoniloc, tonan, yancuic tiçatl ioan yancuic yn iuitl, auh nauhcampa quite ynacatl.
8. Q.n., in macatl yeuan can iliaya yn ixtlauacan yuhqui inic quic noitayan y yeuatl inimich ioan in xiuhnel.

Hymn to the Mother of the Gods.

Notes.

V. Chimalpanecatl icuic ioan tlaltecaua (nanotl).

1. Ichimalipan chipuchica ueya, mixiuiloc yautlatoaya, ichimalipan chipuchica ueya, mixiuiloc yautlatoa.
2. Coatepec tequiua, tepetitla moxayaual teueuel aya quinelli moquichtiuiui tlalli cuecuechiuia aqui moxayaual teueuella.

Gloss.

1. Q.n., yautlatolli ipa omixiuh ynanotl chimalipan in omixiuh, id est, ipa oquitlacatilli ynanotl in uitzilopochtli y yauyutl.
2. Q.n., coatepec otepeuh tepetitla yc moxaual ioan y teueuel, id est, ichimal ic otepeuh aocac omoquichquetz iniquac peualoque coatepec a iniquac otlalli cuecuechiuh, id est, iquac opopoliuhque.

Hymn to Chimalipan in Parturition.

Notes.

VI. Ixcoçauhqui icuic.

1. Huiya tzonimolco notauane ye namech maya pinauhtiz, tetemoca ye namech maya pinauhtiz.
2. Xonca mecatla notecua icçotl mimilcatoc chicueyocan naualcalli nauali temoquetlaya.
3. Huiya tzonimolco cuicotipeuhque, aya tzonimolco cuicotipeuhque, aya iztleica naual moquizcauia, iztlauan naual moquizca.
4. Huia tzonimolco maceualli maya temacouia, oya tonaqui, oya tonaqui maceualli, maya temacouiya.
5. Huiya tzonimolco xoxolcuicatl cacauantoc ya ayouica mocuiltonoaci tontecuitl moteicnelil mauiztli.
6. Huiya ciuatontla xatenonotza, ayyauhcalcatl quiyauatla, xatenonotza.

Gloss.

1. Q.n., yn itzonmolcatl notauane ye nemechpinauhtiz nachcan nochan tetemoan, ye nemechpinauhtiz.
2. Q.n., yn mecatla amo tecuhuan in oncan icçotl mimilcatoc ueyaquixtoc icçotl uncan in temoc in chicueyocan.
3. Q.n., yn tzonmolco otipeuhque macuico yn tzonmolco macuico otipeuhque tleica in amo anualquiça tleica yn ayaualquiça.
4. Q.n., yn tzonmolco otonac auh in omaceualhoan xinechinacaqui notechpouizque yn enetoltiloyan.
5. Q.n., yn cuicatl tzomolco ca ye cauani in aic necuiltonollo netotilo in tetecuti yeua moteicnelil ca mauiztic.
6. Q.n., yn ciuatontli xitenonotza in quiauat ayauhcalcatl, id est, in ticiuatontli xitenonotza.

Hymn to Ixcoçauhqui.

Notes.

VII. Mimixcoa icuic.

1. Chicomoztoc quinexaqui, çani aueponi, çani, çani, teyomi.
2. Tziuactitlan quinexaqui, çani a aueponi, çani, çani, teyomi.
3. Oya nitemoc, oya nitemoc, aya ica nitemoc notziuaquimiuh, aya ica nitemoc notziuaquimiuh.
4. Oya nitemoc, oya nitemoc, ayayca nitemoc nomatlauacal.
5. Ni quimacui, ni quimacui, yuaya niquimacui, niquimacui, yuanya ayo macuiui.
6. Tlachtli icpacaya, uel incuicaya, quetzalcuxcuxaya, quinanquilia çinteutla, aay.

Gloss.

1. Q.n., chicomoztoc oniualleuac çani aueponi, ichichimecatlatol, çani aueponi, çani, çani teyomi.
2. Q.n., tziuactli in itlan oniualleuac çani aueponi, çani, çani teyomi.
3. Oya nitemoc, q.n., onitemoc onitlacatl ipan ynotziuacmiuh; onitemoc ipan ynotziuacmiuh ça niman ipan nitlacat ynotlauitol ynomiuh.
4. Q.n., onitemoc onitlacat inipan nomatlauacal ça niman ipan nitlacat.
5. Y yacatlatol. Yc a a inya in chichimeca in chichimecatlatol.
6. Q.n., yn tlataçica tictecazque totlach uncan ticuicazque noyehuatl in quetzalcocox.

Hymn of Mixcoatl.

Notes.

VIII. Xochipilli icuic.

1. Ye cuicaya tocniuaya ouaya yeo, ye cuicaya ye quetzalcoxcuxa yoaltica tlao çinteutla, oay.
2. Çan quicaquiz nocuic ocoyoalle teumechaue, oquicaquiz nocuica in cipactonalla atilili, ouayya.
3. Ayao, ayao, ayao, ayao, nitlanauati ay tlalocan tlamacazque, ayao, ayao, ayao.
4. Ayao, ayao, ayao, tlalocan tlamacazque nitlanauati, aya, ayao, ayyao.
5. Ao çani uallaçic, otli nepaniuia, cani çinteutla campa ye noyaz, campa otli nicyatoca ça oay.
6. Ayao, aya, ayao, tlalocan tlamacazque, quiauiteteu, ayyao, aya, ayao.

Gloss.

1. Q.n., ca otonac, ca otlatuic ca ye cuico ca ye cuica centeotl in quetzalcocox.
2. Q.n., macaco in tocuic ynican maquicaquican yn nican tlaca.
3. Q.n., in tlaloque tlamacazque niquinnauatia ye niauh in nochan.
4. Q.n., yn tlaloque tlamacazque niquinnauatia ye niauh in nochan.
5. Q.n., ca onitlanauati ni tlaloca catli ye nictocaz utli.
6. Q.n., yn antlaloque yn antlamacazque catli nictocaz yn anteteuh.

Hymn to Xochipilli.

Notes.

IX. Xochiquetzal icuic.

1. Atlayauican ni xochiquetzalli tlacya niuitza ya motencaliuan tamoanchan oay.
2. Ye quitichocaya tlamacazecatla piltzintecutlo quiyatemoaya ye xochinquetzalla xoyauia ay topa niaz, oay.

Gloss.

1. Q.n., ompa niuitz ynixochiquetzal tamoanchan.
2. Q.n., choca piltzintecutli quitemoa in xochiquetzal xoyauia no umpa niaz.

Hymn to Xochiquetzal.

Notes.

X. Amimitl icuic.

1. Cotiuana, cotiuana, cali totoch maca huiya yyalimanico, oquixanimanico, tlacochcalico, oua, yya yya, matonicaya, matonicalico, oua yya yo, çana, çana, ayoueca niuia, çana canoya, ueca niuia, yya, yya, yyeuaya, çana, çana, yeucua niuia.
2. Ye necuiliyaya, niuaya, niuaya, niuaya, ay ca nauh niuahuaya, niuaya, niuaya, ay ca nauh.
3. Tlaixtotoca ye ca nauhtzini, tlaixtotoca ye ca nauhtzini, ayoaya, yoaya, ye ca nauhtzini.
4. Aueya itzipana nomauilia, aueya itzipana nomauilia, aueya itzipana nomauilia.

Gloss.

In amimitl icuic yuh mitoa in ueli chichimeca cuic amo uel caquizti in quein quitoa in tonauatlatol ypa.

Hymn to Amimitl.

Notes.

XI. Otontecutli icuic.

1. Onoalico, onoalico, pomaya, yyaya, ayyo, ayyo, aya, aya, ayyo.
2. Chimalocutitlana motlaqueuia auetzini nonoualico, quauinochitla, cacauatla motlaqueuia auetzini.
3. Ni tepanecatli aya cuecuexi, ni quetzallicoatli aya cuecuexi.
4. Cane ca ya itziueponi, cane ca ya itziueponi.
5. Otomico, noyoco, nauaco, mexicame ya yauilili, noyoco, nauaco, mexicame ya.
6. A chimalli aya, xa, xauino quiyauilili, noyoco, nauaco, mexicame ya.

Hymn of Olontecutli.

Notes.

XII. Ayopechtli icuic.

1. Cane cana ichan, ayopechcatl cozcapantica mixiuhtoc.
2. Cane cana ichan ayopechcatl cozcapantica mixiuhtoc, cane ichan chacayoticaya.
3. Xiualmeuayauia, xiua xiualmeuayaauiaya yancuipilla, xiualmeuaya.
4. Auiya xiualmeuaya, ueya, xiua, xiualmeuaya, cozcapilla xiualmeuaya.

Gloss.

1. Q.n., in oncan ichan ayopechtli oncan mixiuiqui tlacatilia in cuzcatl quetzalli.
2. Cane cana ichan, q.n., in oncan ichan ayopechcatl oncan quitlacatilia in cozcatl quetzalli oncan yoliua, tlacatiua.
3. Q.n., ximeua, ximeua, in tipiltzintli xiualmeua in quinotitlacat tipiltzintli.
4. Q.n., xiualmeua, xiualmeua, in tipiltzintli in ti cuzcatl, in ti quetzalli.

Hymn to Ayopechcatl.

Notes.

XIII. Ciuacoatl icuic.

1. Quaui, quaui, quilaztla, coaeztica xayaualoc uiuiya quauiuitl uitzalochpa chalima aueuetl ye colhoa.
2. Huiya tonaca, acxolma centla teumilco chicauaztica, motlaquechizca.
3. Uitztla, uitztla, nomactemi, uitztla, uitztla nomactemi, açan teumilco chicauaztica motlaquechizca.
4. Malinalla nomactemi, açan teumilco chicauaztica motlaquechizca.
5. A omei quauhtli, ye tonanaya chalmecatecutli ay tziuac y mauiztla nechyatetemilli, yeua nopiltzinaya mixcoatla.
6. Ya tonani, yauçiuatzin, aya tonan yauçiuatzi aya y maca coliuacan y yuitla y potocaya.
7. Ahuiya ye tonaquetli, yautlatocaya, ahuiya ye tonaquetli yautlatocaya moneuila no tlaca cenpoliuiz aya y maca coliuaca y yuitla y potocaya.
8. Ahuia quauiuitl amo xayaualli onauiya yecoyametl amo xayaualli.

Gloss.

1. Q.n., in quauhcihuatl, ic oxaualoc in coaetztli, ioan in quauhtli yhuitli in moteneua iquauhtzon, ipan iualuicoc yn umpa colhuacan.
2. Q.n., inic motocaya çentli, in mochiuaya teumilpa, ichicauaztica inic tlatatacaya, inic tocaya.
3. Uitztla, q.n., nomactemi nochicauaztica inic nitocaya, inic nitlatatacaya.
4. Malinalla, uictli, q.n., uictica in tlachpanaya, id est, iceliniquia, yn uncan teumilpan auh ychicauaztica inic nitlatatacaya, inic tocaya.
5. Q.n., matlactli omei quauhtli yn notonal innamona auh ynan nopilhoan in chalmeca xicuiti in tziuactli xinechtemilica.
6. Q.n., in iyauciuatzin yn amona umpa nochan in coluaca auh in quauiuitl nictemaca ynic oquauhtiuac.
7. Q.n., ca otonac ca otlatuic momochiua yauyutl ma tlamalo tlalpiliuiz nic temaca in quauiuitl.
8. Q.n., aahuia yn otlamaloc in quauiuitl yc moxaua.

Hymn to Cihuacoatl.

Notes.

XIV. Izcatqui yn cuicatl chicuexiuhtica meuaya iniquac atamalqualoya.

1. Xochitl noyollo cuepontimania ye tlacoyoalle, oaya, oouayaye.
2. Yecoc ye tonan, yecoc ye teutl tlacolteutla, oaya, ooayaya.
3. Otlacatqui çenteutl tamiyoanichan ni xochitlicacani. Çey xochitli yantala, yantata, ayyao, ayyaue, tilili yao, ayaue, oayyaue.
4. Otlacatqui çenteutl, atl, yayaui cani tlaca pillachiualoya chalchimichuacan, yyao, yantala, yatanta, a yyao, ayyaue tilili yao, ayyaue, oayyaue.
5. Oya tlatonazqui tlauizcalleuaya inan tlachinaya nepapan quechol, xochitlacacan y yantala, yantata, ayyao, ayyaue, tilili yao, ayyaue, oayyayaue.
6. Tlalpa timoquetzca, tianquiz nauaquia nitlacatla, ni quetzalcoatla, yyao, yantala, yantata, ayyao, ayyaue, tilili yao ayyaue, oayyayue.
7. Ma ya auiallo xochinquauitl itlani nepapan quecholli ma ya in quecholli xicaquiya tlatoaya y toteuh, xicaquiya tlatoaya y quechol amach yeua tonicauh tlapitza amach ychan tlacaluaz, ouao.
8. Aye oho, yyayya, ça miquiyecauiz ça noxocha tonaca xochitli ye izqui xochitla, xochitlicacan, yyaa.
9. Ollama, ollama uiue xolutl nauallachic, ollama ya xolutl chalchiuecatl xiquitta mach, oya moteca piltzintecutli yoanchan, yoanchan.
10. Piltzintle, piltzintle toçuitica timopotonia tlachco, timotlalli yoanchan, yoanchan.
11. Oztomecatla yyaue, oztomecatla xochiquetzal quimama, ontlatca cholola, ayye, ayyo, oye maui noyol, oye maui noyol, aoya yecoc centeutl, matiuia obispo, oztomecatl chacalhoa, xiuhnacochtla, yteamic ximaquiztla yteamico, ayye, ayye.
12. Cochina, cochina, cocochi ye nicmaololo, ni cani ye çiuatl ni cochina yyeo, ouayeo, yho, yya, yya.

This is the Hymn which they sang every eight years when they fasted on bread and water.

Notes.

Priest of Xippe Totec, Drinking and Playing on a Drum. Hymn XV.

XV. Xippe icuic, Totec, yoallauana.

1. Yoalli tlauana, iztleican nimonenequia xiyaqui mitlatia teocuitlaquemitl, xicmoquenti quetlauia.
2. Noteua chalchimamatlaco, apana, y temoya ay quetzallaueuetl, ay quetzalxiuicoatl, nechiya iqui nocauhquetl, ouiya.
3. Maniyauia, nia nia poliuiz, ni yoatzin achalchiuhtla noyollo, ateucuitlatl nocoyaitaz, noyolceuizqui tlacatl achtoquetl tlaquauaya, otlacatqui yautlatoaquetl ouiya.
4. Noteua ce in tlaco xayailiuiz çonoa y yoatzin motepeyocpa mitzualitta moteua, noyolceuizquin tlacatl achtoquetl tlaquauaya, otlacatqui yautlatoaquetl, ouiya.

Gloss.

1. Q.n., yn ti yoallauana, ti xipe, totec, tleica in ti monequi in timoçuma, in timotlatia, id est, tleica in amo quiauiteocuitlaquemitl, xicmoquenti, q.n., ma quiaui, ma ualauh yn atl.
2. Q.n., yn ti noteuh, otemoc in mauhoualla yn mauh; ay quetzalla ueuetl, id est, ye tlaquetzalpatia ye tlaxoxouia, ye xopantla. Ay quetzal xiuhcoatl nechia iqui no cauhquetl, id est, ca ye otechcauh yn mayanaliztli.
3. Q.n., ma mauh, ma nipoliui yn ni yoatzin, id est, in catleuatl, yuhquin chalchiuitl noyollo. A teocuitlatl nocoyaitaz, q.n., in catleuatl achtomochiuaz ninoyolceuiz.
4. Q.n., yn oteuh cequi tlatlacotyan in mochiua initonacayouh, auh in tlein tlatlacotyan achto mochiua mochi tlacatl achto mitzualmaca, auh iniquac ye omochimochiuh occeppa nomochi tlacatl mitzualmaca yn motonacayuh.

Hymn of the High Priest of Xipe Totec.

Notes.

Chicomecoatl, Goddess of Food and Drink. Hymn XVI.

XVI. Chicomecoatl icuic.

1. Chicomollotzin xayameua, ximiçotica aca tona titech icnocauazqui tiyauia mochan tlallocan nouia.
2. Xayameua ximiçotica aca tonan titech icnocauazqui tiyauian mochan tlallocan nouiya.

Gloss.

1. Q.n., yn ti chicomolotl, id est, in ti centli ximeua, xiça, xixoa, ca otimouicaya in mochan tlallocan.
2. Q.n., xayameua, id est, ximeua, xixua, xiça, ca otimouicaya in mochantzinco in tlallocan ca yuhquin ti tonatzon.

Hymn to Chicomecoatl.

Notes.

Totochtin, the Rabbits, Gods of the Drunkards. Hymn XVII.

XVII. Totochtin incuic Tezcatzoncatl.

1. Yyaha, yya yya, yya ayya, ayya ouiya, ayya yya, ayya yya, yyauiyya, ayya ayya, yya ayya, yya yya yye.
2. Coliuacan mauizpan atlacatl ichana, yya ayya, yyayyo.
3. Tezcatzonco tecpan teutl, macoc ye chocaya, auia, macaiui, macayui teutl, macoc yye chocaya.
4. Auia axalaco tecpanteutl, macoc yye chocaya, macayui, macayui teutl, macoc yye chocaya.

Gloss.

1. Y tlauelcuic, tlauelcuica.
2. Coliuacan mauizpa tlacatlichana, q.n., in tlacatl, id est, octli ompa ichan ni colhoacan. Mauizpa, q.n., temamauhtican.
3. Tezcatzonco tecpanteutl, q.n., ye choca in omacoc teutl tezcatzonco tecpan, id est, octli. Quimonacayotia in teutl. Macaiui teutl, q.n., macamo omatoni in teutl, id est, octli, ye choca cayamo ynemac.
4. Aia axalaco tecpanteutl, q.n., axala in tecpanteutl. Ye choca yn omacoc, id est, octli axalatecpan, ye choca in omacoc, macamo omaco ni ye choca cayamo ynemac.

Hymn to Tezcatzoncatl Totochtin.

Notes.

Atlaua, Singing and Dancing. Hymn XVIII.

XVIII. Atlaua Icuic.

1. Auia nichalmecatl, nichalmecatl, neçaualcautla, neçaualcautla, olya quatonalla olya.
2. Ueya, ueya, macxoyauh quilazteutl y tlapani macxoyauh.
3. Nimitz acatecunotzaya, chimalticpao moneçoya nimitzacatecunotzaya.
4. Ayac nomiuh timalla aytolloca nacatl nomiuh aca xeliui timalla.
5. Tetoma amo yolcana tlamacazquinte tometl, açan axcan ye quetzaltototl, nic ya izcaltiquetla.
6. Y yopuchi noteuh atlauaquetl, aça naxcan ye quetzaltototl, nic ya izcaltiquetla.

Gloss.

1. Q.n., ynichalmecatl, yn ineçaualac oqixicauhteuac y nioholti, y nioya, ixquatechimal iquatunal.
2. Q.n., ma xiyauh ti quilazteutl, momactemi in macxoyauh.
3. Q.n., iniquac onimitznotz, mochimalticpac timiçoya.
4. Q.n., atle nomiuh yc notimaloa, ca uel itoloc in acatl nomiuh, yn acatl xeliui yc ninotimaloa.
5. Q.n., oncan euac in tetuman nitlacochtetumetl. Auh inaxcan ye quetzaltotol inic ni tlazcaltia.
6. Q.n., tiacauh in oteuh in atlaua, auh inaxcan yuhqui quetzaltotol in nitlazcaltia.

The Hymn of Atlaua.

Notes.

XIX. Macuilxochitl Icuic.

1. Ayya, yao, xochitlycaca umpan iuitza tlamacazecatla tlamocoyoalca.
2. Ayya, yao, ayo intinotzicaya teumechaue oya, yao, tlauizcalac yacallea tlamacazecatlo tlamocoyoualca.
3. Tetzauhteutla notecuyo tezcatlipuca quinanquilican çinteutla, oay.
4. Tezcatzonco moyolca ayyaquetl yya tochin quiyocuxquia noteuh, niquiyatlacaz, niquiyamamaliz, mixcoatepetl colhoacan.
5. Tozquixaya, nictzotzoniyao, yn tezcatzintli tezcatzintli tezcaxocoyeua, tzoniztapaliati tlaoc xoconoctlia ho, a.

Gloss.

1. Q.n., ompa nochan in xochitlicacan in itlamacazqui ni macuilxochitl.
2. Q.n., motilinia in tinoçi in ompa titlaecoltilozque umpa tochan ez.
3. Q.n., yn tetzauitl in tezcatlipoca ca oyaque auh ynic tiui umpa titlananquilizque in centeotl.
4. Tezcatzonco moyolcan, q.n., tezcatzonco oyol in tochtli ynic yaz, oquiyocux, oquipic, y noteuh oquito nittlaçaz, nicmamaliz, in mixcoatepetl colhoacan, id est, nictepeuaz.
5. Tozquixaya nictzotzomiao, q.n., nictzotzona, in tezcatzintli oncan nexa in tezcatzonco, oncan oyol tzoniztapalatiati ocxoni ni octli.

Hymn to Macuilxochitl.

Notes.

XX. Yacatecutli icuic.

1. Anomatia aytoloc, anomatia aytoloc, tzocotzontla aytoloc, tzocotzontla anomatia aytoloc.
2. Pipitla aytoloc, pipitla anomatia aytoloc, cholotla aytoloc, pipitla anomatia aytoloc.
3. Tonacayutl nicmaceuh aça naxcan noquacuillo atliyollo, nechualyauicatiaque xalli itepeuhya.
4. Chalchiuhpetlacalco ni naxcan aça naxcan noquacuillo, atliyollo nechualyauicatiaque xalli itepeuhya.

Gloss.

1. Anomatia, q.n., amo nixpan in omito yauyutl inic otepeualoc tzocotzontla, amo nomatia in omito yauyutl.
2. Pipitla aytoloc, q.n., ynic tepeualoc pipitla amo nicmati inic omito yauyutl, in cholotla ic otepeualloc amo nixpan ynic oyautlatolloc.
3. Tonacayutl nicmaceuh, q.n., yn tonacayutl inic onicmaçeuh ayaxcan, onechualhuicaque in oquacuiloan in xochayutl, in çoqniayutl in teuelteca, quimilhui in iquintonaz tlatuiz anoquacuiloan ayezque. Xalli tepeuhya, id est, tlalocan. Quilmach chalchiuhpetlacalli in quitepeuh inic tepeuh.
4. Chalchiuhpetlacalco ninaxcan, q.n., onca ninotlati in chalchiuh petlacalco. Ayaxcan ynechualhuicatiaque yn oquacuiloan atliyoloa in umpa tlallocan.

Hymn to Yacatecutli.

Notes.

Glossary.

A

A,

prefix, negative, or positive prefix, = atl, water.

Acatecunotzaya,

XVIII, [3]. Equivalent, according to the Gloss, to onimitznotz.

Acatona,

XVI, [1], [2]. For ac a tonan. See v. 2.

Acatonalaya,

III, [5]. From acatl, reed (?).

Achalchiuhtla,

XV, [3]. Comp. of atl, and chalchiuitl.

Achtoquetl,

XV, [3], [4]. In the first place, first.

Acxolma,

XIII, [2]. Apparently related to acxoyatl, wild laurel.

Açan,

XIII, [3]. Much, many times.

Aça naxcan,

XVIII, [5], [6]; XX, [3], [4]. Only now, for çan axcan.

Ahuia,

II, [1]. An interjection.

Amanteca,

I, [5]. Workers in mechanic arts (Molina), especially feathers (Sahagun).

Amapanitl,

III, [1]. Panitl, banner, flag, with possessive pronoun.

Amo,

adv., no, not, negative; pron., your.

Anauhcampa,

III, [1]. “To all four quarters of the water,” i.e., in all directions.

Anneuaya,

III, [2]. Poetic for in nehuatl, “ego ipse.”

Annotata,

III, [4]. Poetic for in no-tauan, my forefathers.

Annotequina,

III, [3]. According to the Gloss, equivalent to in tino teuh, thou my god.

Annoteua,

III, [2]. Poetic for in no-teuh, my lord.

Anomatia,

XX, [1]. Not to know, to be ignorant of.

Aoyequene,

III, [1]. For aoc yequene, “and also no one.”

Apana,

XV, [2]. Comp. of atl, water, and pani, upon, postpos.

Aquamotla,

III, [5]. From quammomotla, to play ball (?).

Aquitoloc,

II, [1]. A negative, itoa, to say, to tell, in the passive preterit.

Ateucuitlatl,

XV, [3]. Golden water. Comp. of atl, and teocuitlatl.

Atilili,

VIII, [2]. Atilia, to become clear or light.

Atl,

XIV, [4]. Water. In composition, a.

Atliyollo,

XX, [3], [4]. From atli, to drink water. (?)

Aua,

III, [7]. An interjection (?).

Auatic,

IV, [6]. Mistress of the waters (atl, water).

A-uetztini,

XI, [2]. From uetzi, to fall; “your fall,” “your destruction.”

Auiallo,

XIV, [7]. From auia, to be content, to rejoice.

Axalaco,

XVII, [4]. From axalli, a water plant, and loc. term. co.

Ayac,

I, [1], et sæpe. Nobody, no one.

Ayauh,

III, [6]. Fog, mist; compound form of ayauitl.

Ayauhcalcatl,

VI, [6]. One who has charge of the mist. Compare tepancalcatl, a gardener.

Ayailicalo,

III, [6]. From ayauh, calli, the house of mist, but the Gloss renders it by auicalo, the fresh, dewy house (cf. Sah., p. 150).

Aylhuiçolla,

III, [2]. Derived by the Gloss from ilhuice, more, hence, to make to grow, to increase.

Ayouica,

VI, [5]. For ayaic, never.

Aytoloc,

XVIII, [4]; XX, [1], [2]. From itoa, to say, to tell, with negative prefix.

Ayya,

I, [1], et sæpe; also in the forms yya, ya, yyo, yye, aya, ayyo, etc. An interjection, or shout.

C

Ca.

1. And, also. 2. To be.

Ça, Çan,

VII, [1]. Only, solely.

Cacauantoc,

VI, [5]. Reduplicated from caua, to cease, stop, leave off.

Cacauatla,

XI, [2]. “Among the cacao trees.”

Calli,

I, [5], [6]. House; calipan, in the house.

Cana,

XII, [1]. Somewhere.

Cane,

XII, [1]. For ca nel, and truly.

Caqui,

VIII, [2]. To hear, to listen.

Caquia,

II, [1]. From caqui, to hear.

Catlachtoquetl,

III, [3]. Apparently compounded of the interrogative catli and tlacatl, man, mortal; what mortal?

Catella,

III, [4]. For catel; who indeed?

Caua,

XIV, [7]; XV, [2]. To cease, to stop; to surpass; to lay down.

Ce,

I, [2]; XV, [4]. One, a, an.

Cenpoliuiz,

XIII, [7]. From cempoliui, to perish wholly.

Centeutl,

VII, [6]; VIII, [1], [5]; XIV, [4]; XIX, [3]. Prop. name. The god of maize.

Centla,

XIII, [2]. For centli, ear of corn, dried corn.

Centlalia,

I, [5], [6]. To assemble.

Chacalhoa,

XIV, [11]. For chachaloa, to tinkle, to resound.

Chalchimamatlaco,

XV, [2]. Compound of chalchiuitl, jade, turquoise; hence of that color; mama, to carry; ref. to betake oneself; atl, water; co, postposition.

Chalchimichuacan,

XIV, [4]. “The cerulean home of the fishes.”

Chalchiuhecatl,

XIV, [9]. From chalchiuitl, jade; metaphorically, anything precious.

Chalmecatl,

XVIII, [1]. From chalani, to beat, to strike. Apparently a proper name.

Chalmecatecutli,

XIII, [5]. “Ruler of the (drum) beaters.” Comp. v. 1.

Chalima,

XIII, [1]. Apparently for chalani, to strike, to beat, especially a drum.

Chan,

XVI, [1], [2]; XVII, [2]. House, home.

Chicauaztica,

III, [6]; XIII, [2], [3]. Strongly, boldly, energetically.

Chicomoztoc,

VII, [1]. “At the seven caves.” See Notes to Hymn VII.

Chicomollotzin,

XVI, [1]. See Notes, p. 59.

Chicueyocan,

VI, [2]. In eight folds. From chicuei, eight.

Chicunaui,

IV, [6]. Nine; but used generally in the sense of “many,” “numerous.”

Chimal,

XI, [2]. For chimalli, buckler, shield.

Chimalticpac,

XVIII, [3]. “Above the shield.”

Chipuchica,

V, [1]. Metastasis for ichpochtica, from ichpochtli, virgin.

Chiua,

III, [3]. To make, to form, to do.

Chocaya,

III, [1], [7]. From choca, to weep, to cry out.

Chocayotica,

XII, [2]. Adverbial from choca: “weepingly.”

Cholola,

XIV, [11]; XX, [2]. Proper name. “Place of the fugitives.”

Cipactonalla,

VIII, [2]. From tonalli, the sun, day. Perhaps a proper name.

Ciuatontla,

VI, [6]. For ciuatontli, little woman.

Coatepec,

V, [1]. At the Coatepetl, or Serpent Hill.

Cochina,

XIV, [12]. From cochi, to sleep.

Colhoa,

XIII, [1]. For Colhoacan, proper name.

Coliuacan,

XVII, [2]; XIX, [4]. Proper name, for Colhoacan.

Cotiuana,

X, [1]. Probably for xo(xi-on)titaana, tie hands, join hands.

Coçauic,

IV, [1], [2]. Poetic for coztic, yellow; literally, “yellowed,” from coçauia.

Cozcapantica,

XII, [1]. Adverbial, from cozcatl, a jewel, fig., an infant.

Cozcapilla,

XII, [4]. From cozcatl, pilli, “jewel of a babe.”

Cuecuechiuia,

V, [2]. From cuecuechoa, to shake.

Cuecuexi,

XI, [3]. From cuecuechoa, to shake.

Cueponi,

IV, [1], etc. To bloom, to blossom.

Cuicatl,

I, [1], et sæpe. Hymn, song. In compos., cuic.

E

Eztlamiyaual,

III, [2]. Apparently from eztli, blood, race, and tlamiauati, to surpass, to excel.

H

Huia,

II, [3]. See Ahuia.

Y

Y,

[I]. For in (yn), he, it, the, that, etc.

Ya.

See Ayya.

Yancuic,

IV, [7]. New, fresh, green.

Yancuipilla,

XII, [3]. New-born babe.

Yantata,

XIV, [3]. An exclamation.

Yaquetlaya,

I, [1]. Apparently a form of tlayacati, or of yaque, both from the root yac-, a point, a prominence, to be prominent. But the etymology is not clear.

Yauciuatzin,

XIII, [6]. Yaotl-cihuatl-tzin, “the revered war-woman.”

Yauicaya,

III, [2]. From yauh, to go.

Yauilili,

XI, [5]. Causative form of yauh, “to cause to go,” to put to flight.

Yautiua,

I, [5], [6]. Freq. from yaotia, to fight.

Yautlatoaquetl,

XV, [3], [4]. See yautlatoaya.

Yautlatoaya,

I, [3]; V. [1]. From yaotl, war, tlatoa, to speak. Yautlatoani, ruler in war, was one of the titles of Huitzilopochtli.

Yaxcana,

III, [9]. Axcan, now. Axcatl, goods, property. Yaxca, his, its, property.

Yayalezqui,

III, [7], [8]. Frequent. of yaliztli; to go and come, go back and forth.

Yca,

IV, [6]. With which.

Icçotl,

VI, [2]. A tree planted in front of temples. Its bark was used for mats (Sahagun).

Icnocaua,

XVI, [1], [2]. To leave unprotected, as orphans.

Ye,

VIII, [1]. Already, this, but, nevertheless.

Yecoa,

XIII, [8]; XIV, [2]. 1. To have carnal connection. 2. To end, to finish.

Yeua,

I, [4], etc. For yehuatl, he, it, that.

Ihuitl,

I, [3]; IV, [7]. A feather; met., a model, pattern.

Ihiya,

II, [2]. Apparently for iye, yes, affirmative particle.

Ilhuiquetl,

III, [8]. From ilhuia, to say, to call.

Iliuiz,

XV, [5]. Thoughtlessly; with negative prefix a, not thoughtlessly.

Ymocxi,

I, [2]. Poetic for in micti, from mictia, to slaughter.

Yoalticatla,

VIII, [1]. Yoalli-ticatla, midnight.

Yoalli,

XV, [1]. Night.

Yoatzin,

XV, [3], [4]. Reverential of yoalli, night.

Yocoxquia,

XIX, [4]. Peaceably, quietly.

Yolcan,

XVIII, [5]. Place of birth.

Yolceuiz,

XV, [3], [4]. To appease, to please.

Yollotl,

IV, [6]. Heart, mind, center.

Itaca,

IV, [6]. For itacatl, food, sustenance.

Iteamic,

XIV, [11]. From itta, to see.

Itlani,

XIV, [7]. See Tlani.

Itontecuitl,

VI, [5]. Explained by the Gloss by in tetecuti, which I take to be an error for in teteuctin.

Itopanecauiloc,

III, [9]. The Gloss gives ni topan. The verbal is a passive from caua, to leave, to abandon.

Itta,

IV, [8]. To see, to esteem.

Ytzicotla,

II, [5]. For uitzicotla, lit., place abounding in thorns; fig., the south.

Itzipana,

X, [4]. Apparently a compound of ixtli, face, and pan, for the more usual ixpan, before, in front of; ixtli in comp. sometimes becomes itz, as in itzoca, “tener sucia la cara,” Molina, Vocabulario.

Itziueponi,

XI, [4]. For itztle-cueponi, “resplendent with spears.”

Itzpapalotl,

IV, [5]. “The obsidian butterfly,” an image of gold and feathers, worn as a royal insignia. See Sahagun, Lib. VII, Cap. 12.

Yua,

III, [8]. To send.

Yuitla,

XIII, [6]. See ihuitl.

Yuiyoc,

II, [3], [4], [5]. From yuiyotl, a feather, yuiyoa, to be dressed in feathers, or feather garments.

Ixtlauatl,

IV, [6]. Open field, uncultivated region.

Yyaconay,

I, [1]. For ayac-on-ay, as appears by the gloss.

Yya.

See Ayya.

Izqui,

XIV, [8]. As many as.

Iztac,

IV, [3], [4]. White.

Iz tleica,

VI, [3]; XV, [1]. “Here is why.” The interrogative changed into the predicative form. See Paredes, Compendio, p. 154.

M

Ma,

VI, [1]. 1. Sign of negative, no, not. 2. Sign of imperative.

Macaiui,

XVII, [3], [4]. From macoa, and i, to drink.

Maceualli,

VI, [4]. Subjects, servants.

Maceuh,

XX, [3]. From maceua, to seek for, to obtain.

Mach,

XIV, [7]. Intensive particle.

Machiyotla,

II, [6], [7]. For machiotl, sign, example.

Macoa,

I, [3]; XVII, [3]. To aid, to assist.

Macxoyauh,

XVIII, [3]. By the Gloss, for ma-xi-yauh, imper. of yauh, to go.

Malinalli,

XIII, [4]. A broom.

Malli,

II, [3], [4], [5]. Captive; one taken by hand.

Mama,

XIV, [11]. To carry a load on the shoulders.

Mamalia,

XIX, [4]. To penetrate.

Mamauia,

I, [4]. To frighten, frequentative-causative, from maui, to fear.

Maololo,

XIV, [12]. From ma-ololo, to cover with the hand.

Mati,

II, [1]. To know.

Matiuia,

XIV, [11]. For matihuia, from mati.

Matlauacal,

VII, [4]. A net-basket.

Ma-tonicaya,

X, [1]. Let it shine, let it be bright; from tona.

Mauia,

II, [3], [4], [5]. To give into the hands of, to deliver up.

Maui noyol,

XIV, [11]. To fear in my heart.

Mauiztli,

VI, [5], XIII, [5]. An honor (cosa de estima, Molina). A person of honor.

Mazatl,

IV, [6]. (Doubtful.) Deer; any large wild animal.

Mecatla,

VI, [2]. For mecatl, cord, rope.

Milacatzoa,

I, [4]. Mo-ilacatzoa, to twine oneself, as a serpent around a tree; refers to the xiuhcoatl, fire-serpent, of Huitzilopochtli.

Mimicha,

IV, [8]. Fish, for michin.

Mimilcatoc,

VI, [2]. Twisted, twined.

Miquiyecauiz,

XIV, [8]. Compound of miqui, to die, and yecaui, to cease; “to cease dying.”

Mitoaya,

I, [3]. For mo-itoa-ya, it is said, they said.

Mixcoatepetl,

XIX, [4]. The mountain or town of Mixcoatl.

Mixcoatl,

XIII, [5]. A proper name.

Mixiui,

XII, [1]. To accouch, to bear a child.

Mixtecatl,

I, [2]. A proper name. The Mixteca lived on the Pacific coast, to the southwest, and were not of Nahuatl lineage.

Mixiuiloc,

V, [1]. From mixiui, to accouch, to bear a child.

Mo-cuiltonoa,

VI, [5]. To rejoice or enjoy greatly.

Moneçoya,

XVIII, [3]. From neçi, to appear.

Mo-neuila,

XIII, [7]. From eua, to rise up, to come forth.

Mo-quetzquetl,

III, [1]. For m-oquequetz, frequent. of quetza; to flow forth, to run from and out. A poetic form, not uncommon.

Moquichtiuiui,

V, [2]. Oquichuia, to suffer manfully.

Mo-teca,

XIV, [9]. They assemble; impers. from teca, to place oneself, to lie down.

Moteua,

XV, [4]. Perhaps from itoa, to say, “it is said.”

Mo-tlaquechizca,

XIII, [2], [3], [4]. Strengthened form of tlaquechia, to rest upon; to bear down upon; to press upon.

Mo-tlaqueuia,

XI, [2]. To seek people, or to hire them to work injury to others.

Mo-tonacayouh,

III, [3]. Our flesh; the usual form is tonacayo.

Moxayaual,

V, [2]. From yaualoa, to wander about.

Moxocha,

IV, [2], [4]. Probably a compound of moxochitl-cha-yaui, to sow flowers.

Mozcaltizqui,

IV, [6]. From mo-izcali, to resuscitate, to animate.

N

Nacha,

III, [7]. For nachcan, there, in that place.

Nacochtla,

XIV, [11]. The ears.

Nahuia,

III, [6]. From naui, four.

Nanquilia,

VII, [6]; XIX, [3]. To answer.

Nauaco,

XI, [5]. “With (my) skill.”

Naualpilli,

III, [3]. “Master magician;” said by the Gloss to be a name of Tlaloc. Sahagun gives this as one of the gods of the goldsmiths (Lib. IX, cap. 18).

Naualachic,

XIV, [9]. Skilfully; from naualchiua, to do something skilfully.

Nauaquia,

XIV, [6]. Perhaps for nahuaque, an epithet of divinity.

Nauhxiuhtica,

III, [9]. “After four years” (Molina).

Neçazualcactla,

XVIII, [1]. From the Gloss equivalent to neçaualacautla, from neçaualiztli, fast, fasting, and caua, to leave.

Nechyatetemilli,

XIII, [5]. Reverential of temi, to lie down, to fill.

Necuilia,

X, [2]. To bring some one.

Nella,

III, [3]. For nelli, truly.

Nen,

adv. I, [1]. In vain, of no advantage.

Nenequia,

XV, [1]. To oppose, to be angry with.

Nenoualico,

XI, [2]. See Onoalico. Ne is the impersonal, pronominal prefix.

Nepaniui,

VIII, [5]. To join, to unite oneself to.

Nepanauia,

III, [9]. Nepan, thither, and yauh, to go.

Nepapan,

II, [2]; XIV, [5]. Diverse, varied.

Ne-qui-macui,

VII, [5]. “I take them by the hand.” Explained by the Gloss to be an archaic (chicimeca) expression used in leading or guiding (in dance or song).

Niuaya,

X, [2]. For ni-ihua-ya, I sent (some one).

Ni-yocoloc,

III, [2]. Passive preterit from yocoya; yocolia, to be made, composed, created.

No.

1. Possess, pron. my, mine. 2. Adv. also, yet.

Noca,

I, [1]. Of me, my, mine.

Nohuihuihuia,

I, [1]. Poetic form for neuiuilia, to equal some one.

Nomactemi,

XIII, [3], [4]. No-maitl-c-temi, my hand it fills, = with full hands.

Nomauilia,

X, [4]. To do a thing personally.

Nomiuh,

XVIII, [4]. No-omitl, my bone, point, arrow.

Nopeltzin,

XIII, [5]. No-pilli-tzin, “my revered lord.”

No-tauane,

VI, [1]. Our fathers.

No-tecua,

VI, [2]. For nic-tecuia, I tie it, I make it fast. The Gloss, amo-tecuhuan, is not intelligible.

No-teuh,

I, [3]; XX, [2], [4]. “My god.”

Noyoco,

XI, [5]. Apparently for niyoco, “with me alone.”

Noyollo,

XV, [3]. From yollotl, heart, soul, courage, etc.

O

Oc,

II, [2]. Yet, besides this.

Ocelocoatl,

III, [4]. “Tiger snake.”

Ocoyoalle,

VIII, [2]. “The night pine.” Apparently a proper name.

Ocutitlana,

XI, [2]. “Among the pine woods.”

Oholopa,

II, [3]. Poetic compound of ololoa, to cover, to dress, and oppa, twice.

Ollama,

XIV, [9]. To play at ball; from olli, a ball.

Olya,

XVIII, [1]. A form from ololoa, to cover or clothe oneself.

Omei,

XIII, [5]. For ome, two; the Gloss reads matlactli ome, twelve.

On,

I, [1], et sæpe. A particle, merely euphonic, or signifying action at a distance.

Onca,

sæpe. There.

Onoalico,

XI, [1]. Proper name, derived from onoua, the impersonal form of onoc, and meaning “a peopled place,” a thickly inhabited spot. The terminal, co, is the postposition, at.

Opuchi,

XVIII, [6]. “Left-handed;” by the Gloss = tiacauh, brave, valiant.

Oquixanimanico,

X, [1]. A form in the second person plural, compounded of quiça and mani, “coming forth, scatter yourselves around.”

Otlacatqui,

XIV, [3], [4]. Ilacati, to be born.

Otli,

VIII, [5]. Path, road.

Ouayyeo,

I, [2]. An interjection.

Oya,

sæpe. 1. An interjection. 2. Preterit of yauh, to go.

Oyatonac,

II, [6], [7]. For otonac, from tona, to shine.

Oztomecatl,

XIV, [11]. A merchant.

P

Petlacalco,

XX, [4]. From petlatl, mat, calli, house, and co, post-position.

Peua,

VI, [3]. To begin.

Picha-huazteca,

I, [2]. Proper name, “The frozen Huastecs,” perhaps those living on the high Sierra, who were the nearest to the Nahuas.

Pillachiualoyan,

XIV, [4]. Locative from pilli-chiua, to engender offspring.

Piltzintecutli,

IX, [2]; XIV, [9]. Lord of the youths or children, piltzintli.

Pipiteca,

I, [6]. Those having charge of the spies, from pipia, to spy.

Pipitla,

XX, [2]. Reduplicated locative from pilli, a child.

Pinauhtia,

VI, [1]. To make ashamed.

Pinauia,

II, [1]; III, [3], [4]. To affront, to put to shame; to censure, to blame.

Poliuiz,

XV, [3]. From poloa, to destroy.

Pomaya,

I, [2]; XI, [1]. Apparently for panauia, to conquer.

Potocaya,

XIII, [6], [7]. Potli, companion.

Potonia,

IV, [7]; XIV, [10]. To be liberal, to give equally or freely; to adorn with feathers.

Poyauhtla,

III, [6]. Among the fogs, from poctli, smoke, fog, mist; atl, water.

Pupuxotiuh,

I, [3]. A gerundive form from popoxoa, to till, to work the soil; here used figuratively.

Q

Quacuillo,

III, [4]; XX, [3]. From qua, to eat.

Quatonalla,

XVIII, [1]. “Head bright,” the helmet on the head.

Quaui,

XIII, [1]. A shortened form of quauiuitl, in the same verse; compound of quauhtli, eagle, iuitl, feather; a decoration explained in the Gloss, usually called the quauhtzontli, eagle crest.

Quauinochitla,

XI, [2]. “Among the tuna trees.”

Quauiquemitl,

II, [2]. From quauhtli, eagle, quemitl, clothing, garb.

Quechol,

XIV, [5], [7]. A bird.

Quentia,

XV, [1]. To dress oneself.

Quetl,

II, [2]. Poetic for quetza, to rise, to come out of or from. See Gloss to III, 7.

Quetza,

XIV, [6]. To arise from.

Quetzalaueuetl,

XV, [2]. Of quetzal, beautiful, and aueuetl, the water cypress, fig. chief, lord.

Quetzalcalla,

III, [9]. “The house of the quetzal,” beautiful as the quetzal bird. Explained in the Gloss to be the Place of Joy.

Quetzalcoatli,

XI, [3]; XIV, [6]. Proper name.

Quetzalcocox,

VII, [6]; VIII, [7]. The pheasant.

Queyamica,

III, [8]. For quenamican, how there?

Queyanoca,

I, [1]. According to the Gloss, equivalent to onoca, from onoc.

Quiauiteteu,

VIII, [6]. Rain gods; quiauitl, rain; teteu, plural of teotl, god.

Quilaztla,

XIII, [1]. For Quilaztli, another name of Cihuacoatl.

Quilazteutl,

XVIII, [2]. See Quilaztla.

Quinexaqui,

VII, [1]. Explained by the Gloss by oniualleuac, I came quickly (eua, in composition, signifies precipitation). Hence it is a form from yauh, yaqui.

Quiyauatla,

VI, [6]. Poetic for quiauitl, rain.

T

Tamoanchan,

IV, [1], etc. “We seek our home,” a name applied to the Earthly Paradise. See p. 29.

Teacuitlaquemitl,

XV, [1]. Golden garb.

Teca,

III, [6]. To spread out, especially of liquids.

Tecpanteutl,

XVII, [3], [4]. “Palace god.”

Teicnellili,

VI, [5]. A benefit, an advantage.

Teizcaltequetl,

III, [9]. That which gives wisdom and life. “Teizcali, cosa que da doctrina, y aviva, y da entendimiento” (Molina).

Telipuchtla,

II, [3], [4], [5]. For telpochtli, a youth.

Temacouia,

VI, [4]. From temaca, to give, to deliver into the hands of.

Temoquetl,

III, [8]. From temoa, to seek, quiza, to go forth.

Tenamitl,

I, [3]. The wall of a city; hence, a town or city.

Tepanecatl,

XI, [3]. “Dweller in the palace.” A proper name.

Tepanquizqui,

I, [3]. A substitute, one who represents another.

Tepetitlan,

V, [2]. “Among the mountains.”

Tepeuh,

XX, [3], [4]. From peua, to begin.

Tepeyocpa,

XV, [4]. From tepetl, pan.

Tequiua,

II, [1]; V, [2], From tequiutl, task, labor, but explained by the Gloss as equivalent to tepeua, to overthrow, to conquer.

Tetemoya,

II, [6], [7]. Frequentative from temo, to descend, to come down, tetemo.

Tetoma,

XVIII, [5]. From toma, to open, to send forth, to let loose.

Tezauhpilla,

III, [8]. “Master of fear.”

Tetzauiztli,

I, [2]. An object which causes fear. A name of Huitzilopochtli. See Tezozomoc, Cronica Mexicana, cap. VI.

Teuaqui,

II, [6], [7]. From teotl, god, aqui, to enter, to penetrate.

Teucontlipaca,

IV, [5]. Explained by the Gloss as teucumitl icpac, upon the thorn bush teocumitl, espina grande, Molina). But I should think it to be a compound of teotl, conetl, icpac, “upon the son of the goddess.” The son of Teteunan was especially Centeotl, god of maize.

Teueuel,

V, [2]. Poetic from ueue, the ancients, the elders.

Teumechaue,

IV, [1], [2], [3], [4]; VIII, [2]; XIX, [2]. Perhaps from teo-ome-chayaue, “the twice divine seed-thrower,” or teometl-chayaue, the planter of the divine maguey.

Teumilco,

XIII, [2]. From teotl, milli, co, “in the divine cornfield,” fig. reference to the battlefield.

Teutiualcoya,

III, [2]. The Gloss reads teuitualcoya, from teotl, god, ittualo, passive of itta, to see.

Teu-tlaneuiloc,

III, [1]. Explained by the Gloss as equivalent to onetlanauiloc, an impersonal, passive, preterit, from naua, “it was danced.” The peculiar sacred dance called tlanaua, performed by young girls, is described by Sahagun, Lib. II, cap. 24.

Teutlalipan,

IV, [8]. In the divine earth.

Teyomi,

VII, [1]. From teyo, esteemed, honored.

Tezcatlipuca,

XIX, [2]. Proper name of a divinity.

Tezcatzintli,

XIX, [5]. Proper name from tezcatl, mirror.

Tezcatzonco,

XVII, [3]; XIX, [4]. Apparently the name of a part of the temple.

Tianquiz,

XIV, [6]. The market place.

Tiçatl,

IV, [7]. Chalk; fig., model, pattern.

Timalla,

XVIII, [4]. Form of timalloa, to swell, to increase; fig., to rejoice, to glorify oneself.

Tlacaluaz,

XIV, [7]. For tlacaluaztli, a blow-pipe.

Tlacati,

XV, [3], [4]. For tlacatl.

Tlacatl,

II, [1]; XIII, [7]. Mortal, creature, person.

Tlaçaz,

XIX, [4]. From tlaça, to overturn.

Tlachco,

XIV, [10]. The place of the ball play.

Tlachinaya,

XIV, [5]. From tlachia, to see.

Tlachtli,

VII, [6]. The ball.

Tlacochcalco,

II, [1]; X, [1]. From tlacochtli, arrow, or generally, weapon, calli, house, co, post-position, in “the hall of weapons,” or arsenal. It was a room in that part of the temple dedicated to Huitzilopochtli, and was filled with arrows, spears, etc. Sahagun, Lib. VIII, cap. 32.

Tlaçolteutla,

XIV, [2]. Name of a Mexican goddess.

Tlacoyoalle,

XIV, [1]. At midnight.

Tlacyaniuitza,

IX, [1]. Probably for tlayauani ni-huitz, I come dancing, as a dancer.

Tlaixtotoca,

X, [3]. Ixtotoca, to search for.

Tlalli,

XIV, [10]. To place oneself; earth, ground.

Tlalocan,

III, [5]; XVI, [1]. The home of Tlaloc. See p. 25.

Tlaloc tlamacazque,

VIII, [3], [4], [6]. “Dispensers of the benefits of Tlaloc”; the name applied to the priests of this divinity.

Tlalpa,

XIV, [6]. From tlalli, earth, and pan.

Tlaltecutli,

IV, [6]. Tlalli, tecutli; lord of the earth or land.

Tlamacazecatlo,

XIX, [2]. For tlamacaztecatl, one concerned with the priestly office.

Tlamocoyoualca,

XIX, [1], [2]. Apparently from tlamaca, to serve.

Tlani,

XIV, [7]. Below; i-tlani, below it.

Tlanuati,

VIII, [3], [4]. To send.

Tlapani,

XVIII, [2]. To break.

Tlapitza,

XIV, [7]. A flute.

Tlapoalli,

III, [9]. To number, to reckon.

Tlapomaya,

see Pomaya.

Tlaquaua,

XV, [3], [4]. To make strong, or hard.

Tlatia,

XV, [1]. 1. To hide oneself. 2. To burn oneself.

Tlatoa,

XIV, [7], [11]. To sing, to chant, to speak.

Tlatol,

III, [8]. For tlatolli, speech, discourses, prayers.

Tlatonazqui,

XIV, [5]. From tona, to shine.

Tlauana,

XV, [1]. To drink wine (octli),

Tlauia,

XV, [1]. To appear red or shining.

Tlauizcalle,

XIV, [5]; XIX, [2]. Master of the house of the dawn. The terminal ê signifies an active possessive.

Tlayauican,

IX, [1]. The dancing-place; from tlayaua, to dance in a certain manner.

Tlaxotecatl teuhtla,

I, [4]. See Tlaxotla.

Tlaxotla,

I, [3]. Passive form from tlaça, to hurl, to throw. Huitzilopochtli was specifically “the hurler.” See Notes to Hymn I.

Toçiquemitl,

I, [1]. From to-citli-quemitl, vestment of our ancestress.

Tocniuaya,

VIII, [1]. To-icniuh, our friend.

Tocuilitla,

II, [7]. See Tocuilechcatl.

Toçiuitica,

XIV, [10]. From to-citli-yuitl, with adverbial ending; “in the feather garb of our ancestors.”

Tocuilechcatl,

II, [2]. To, our, cuilia, to paint, adorn; “our adornment.”

To-naca,

XIII, [2]. “Our flesh.”

Tonanaya,

XIII, [5]. Reduplicated for tonaya, to shine forth.

Tonaqui,

I, [1]. A form from tona, to shine.

Tonana,

IV, [1]. “Our mother;” nantli.

Topaniaz,

IX, [2]. The Gloss reads more correctly, no umpa niaz, “also there I shall go.”

Totoch,

X, [1]; XVII, [title]. Tochtli, a rabbit; the name of a god of wine; also, of a day of the week.

Toyauan,

I, [5], [6]. To-yauan, our enemies. (See Olmos. Gram., p. 25.)

Tozquiuaua,

XIX, [5]. From tozquitl, voice.

Tzioac,

XIII, [5]. For tzioactli, a sacred tree; here apparently fig. for a sacred person.

Tzioactitlan,

VII, [2]. “In the tzihuac bushes;” the tzihuac was a kind of maguey of a sacred character. See my Ancient Nahuatl Poetry, p. 140.

Tziuaquimiuh,

VII, [3]. “My havresac made of tzihuac fibres.”

Tzocotzontla,

XX, [1]. From tzocoton, little, tzontli, hair.

Tzonimolco,

VI, [1]. “Where the hair spreads abroad.” The name of the hall sacred to the god of fire in the temple. The expression refers figuratively to the flames blazing upwards like hair from a head.

Tzotzonia,

XIX, [5]. To play on an instrument.

U

Ualitla,

XV, [4]. Comp. of uallauh and itla.

Uallaçic,

VIII, [5]. From uallauh, to come, and acic, which adds the sense of approaching near.

Ualmeua,

XII, [3]. To cry lustily.

Ueca,

X, [1]. Far.

Uel, or Huel, adv.,

I, [4]. Well.

Uelmatia,

III, [4]. To appear well, to be well.

Ueponi,

VII, [1]. Uepollotl, kin, relations.

Uexcaitoa,

II, [1]. To offer harm, to curse.

Uicacapa,

IV, [7]. Towards, to.

Uitzalochpan,

XIII, [1]. Compound of huitz, to come, and tlaloa, to run.

Uitzetla,

II, [2]. For uitzlan, in at the south, or the place of thorns.

Uitznauac,

II, [4]. For Huitznauac. See Notes to Hymn II.

Uitztla,

XIII, [3]. According to the Gloss to v. 4, this is a poetic form for uictli, a hoe, the native agricultural implement.

X

Xamontoca,

IV, [7]. Xi-am-on-itta, from itta, to look, to see. Compare the Gloss.

Xatenonotza,

VI, [6]. For xi-tenonotza, call ye upon, pray ye to.

Xayaualli,

XIII, [8]. From xayaua, to adorn oneself in the ancient manner.

Xeliui,

XVIII, [4]. To split, to divide.

Ximocaya,

III, [9]. Rendered by the Gloss as equivalent to ximoayan, the Paradise of Souls; see my Ancient Nahuatl Poetry, p. 132.

Ximiçotica,

XVI, [1], [2]. From iça, to wake up, awake.

Xiuh,

IV, [8]. Green; grass.

Xiuacalco,

III, [5]. From xiuh, calli, co, in the green house; the Gloss explains it by acxoyacalco, “in the house of the wild laurel,” or decorated with wild laurel, a plant probably sacred to Tlaloc.

Xiuicoatl,

XV, [2]. Grass snake, or green snake. From xiuitl, coatl.

Xiyanouia,

III, [6]. Imperative from yauh, to go.

Xochinquauitl,

XIV, [7]. The flower-tree.

Xochiquetzal,

XIV, [11]. Proper name of a deity.

Xochitla,

IV, [1], etc. Flowers, place of, or abundance of. From xochitl.

Xochitlicacan,

XIV, [3], [5]. The place of flowers.

Xoconoctli,

XIX, [5]. From xocotl, fruit, apple.

Xocoyeua,

XIX, [5]. From xococtl, fruit.

Xolotl,

XIV, [9]. A servant, a page.

Xoyauia,

IX, [2]. From xoyaui, to begrime, to spoil; xoyauian, the place of blackness, or of decay.

Xoxolcuicatl,

VI, [5]. From xolotl, servant, page, and cuicatl, song.

Index.

1. Abundance, the fabled house of, [A].
2. Amanteca, [A].
3. Amantlan; a quarter of the city of Tenochtitlan, [A].
4. Amimitl, the god:
   1. hymn to, [A].
   2. his functions, [A].
5. Ancient god, the, a name of the god of fire, [A].
6. “Ancient Nahuatl Poetry,” quoted, [A], [B].
7. Arrows:
   1. the house of, [A].
   2. god of, [A].
8. Artists, the goddess of, [A].
9. Atlaua, the god:
   1. hymn to, [A].
   2. signification of, [A].
10. Auroras, the four, [A].
11. Ayopechtli or Ayopechcatl, a goddess:
    1. hymn to, [A].
    2. functions of, [A].
12. Aztec:
    1. Mythology, Paradise of, [A], [B].
    2. nation, wars of, [A].

1. Ball, the game of, [A], [B].
2. Bibliotheca Laurentio-Mediceana, [A].
3. Bread and water, fasting on, [A].
4. Bustamente, his edition of Sahagun’s Historia, [A].

1. Cardinal points as symbols, [A].
2. Chalchiucihuatl, a name of the goddess Chicomecoatl, [A].
3. Chalmecatl, name of a deity, [A].
4. Chichimecs, an ancient tribe, [A], [B].
5. Chicomecoatl, the goddess:
   1. hymn to, [A].
   2. functions of, [A], [B].
   3. her names, [A].
6. Chicomolotl, a name of the goddess Chicomecoatl, [A].
7. Chicomoztoc, the “seven caves,” [A].
8. Childbirth, goddess of, [A], [B], [C].
9. Chimalman, the goddess of, [A].
10. Chimalipan, the virgin-mother, [A].
11. Cholula or Chollolan, a place name, [A], [B].
12. Cihuacoatl, the goddess:
    1. hymn to, [A].
    2. functions of, [A].
13. Cinteotl or Centeotl, the god, [A].
    1. his birthplace, [A].
    2. his functions, [A].
14. Cipactonalli, a fabled personage, [A].
15. Clavigero, quoted, [A].
16. Coatepec, the sacred serpent mountain, [A].
17. Codex Ramirèz, the, [A].
18. Codex Telleriano-Remensis, the, [A], [B].
19. Codex Vaticanus, the, [A].
20. Colhuacan:
    1. first King of, [A].
    2. derivation of, [A].
    3. reference to, [A], [B], [C].
21. Colors, symbolism of, [A], [B].
22. Cuauhtitlan, the Annals of, [A], [B].
23. Cuezaltzin, a name of the god of fire, [A].

1. Dance:
   1. the jar, [A].
   2. of the “four auroras,” [A].
2. Death-song, a, [A].
3. Drum, use of the, [A].
4. Drum-beating, goddess of, [A].
5. Drunkenness, deities of, [A], [B].
6. Duran, Diego, quoted, [A], [B], [C], [D], [E], [F], [G].

1. Eagle’s crest, as ornament, [A].
2. Earth:
   1. goddess of the, [A].
   2. heart of the, [A].
3. Eight, as a sacred number, [A].
4. Emerald, the Lady of the, [A].

1. Feathers:
   1. as ornaments, [A].
   2. symbol of the spirit, [A].
2. Fertility, genius of, [A], [B].
3. Fire, the Mexican god of, [A].
4. Fire-stick, the, [A].
5. Fish-spear, god of the, [A].
6. “Five flowers,” the, a plant, [A], [B].
7. Flames, the Hall of, [A].
8. Flowers:
   1. the god of, [A], [B].
   2. plumage of, [A].
   3. as symbols, [A], [B].
9. Food, the goddess of, [A].
10. Four, as sacred number, [A], [B], [C], [D].

1. Gods:
   1. mother of the, [A].
   2. home of the, [A], [B].
2. Green corn, goddess of, [A].
3. Guadalupe, Our Lady of, [A].

1. Hair, as a symbol of flames, [A].
2. Heads, serpent of seven, [A].
3. Hearts of victims torn out, [A].
4. Hieroglyphic books, native, [A].
5. Huasteca, a tribe, [A].
6. Huehueteotl, a name of the god of fire, [A].
7. Huitzilopochtli:
   1. hymn to, [A].
   2. his functions, [A].
   3. description of his idol, [A].
   4. festival of, [A].
   5. temple of, [A].
   6. mother of, [A].
8. Huitznahuac:
   1. war song of, [A].
   2. brother of Huitzilopochtli, [A].
9. Hurler, the; epithet applied to Huitzilopochtli, [A].

1. Ichpochtli, the virgin goddess, [A].
2. Illustrations, colored, [A].
3. Inquisition, action on Sahagun’s Historia, [A].
4. Intoxicating drink, the gods of, [A], [B].
5. Itzpapalotl, a goddess, [A].
6. Ixcoçauhqui, the god of fire, hymn to, [A].

1. Jade, ornaments of, mentioned, [A].
2. Jourdanet, Dr., his translation of Sahagun’s Historia, [A].

1. Kingsborough, Lord:
   1. his edition of Sahagun’s Historia, [A], [B].
   2. his Mexican Antiquities, [A].

1. Lightning, as a serpent, [A], [B].
2. Lying-in, goddesses of. See Childbirth.

1. Macuilxochitl:
   1. name of a deity, [A].
   2. hymn to, [A].
2. Maguey, brought from Paradise, [A].
3. Maize:
   1. the god of, [A].
   2. goddess of, [A].
4. Maya tribes in Mexico, [A].
5. Mazateca, a certain tribe or caste, [A].
6. Merchants, the god of, [A].
7. Mexicans, the, [A].
8. Mexicans, poetry of, [A], [B].
9. Mexico, ancient, [A].
10. Mimixcoa. See Mixcoatl.
11. Mirror, the use of, [A].
12. Mist, the house of, [A].
13. Mixcoatl, the god:
    1. hymn of, [A].
    2. his functions, [A], [B].
    3. hill of, [A].
14. Mixcoatepec, mountain so called, [A].

15. Mixteca	}	:	a nation, [A], [B].
    Mixtecatl

16. Mixtecapan, a locality, [A].
17. Mother of the gods, [A], [B].
    1. “our mother,” [A].
    2. the virgin, [A].

1. Nahua, the, as tribal name, [A].
2. Nahuatl language, the, [A].
   1. MSS., [A].
3. Naualpilli, “noble magician,” a name of Tlaloc, [A].
4. Night, the god of, [A], [B].
5. Nonoalco, a place name, [A].

1. “Obsidian butterfly,” a kind of ornament, [A].
2. Olmos, quoted, [A].
3. Opochtli, the god of netmakers, [A].
4. Otomis, the tribe so-called, [A].
   1. war song of, [A].
5. Otontecutli, the god:
   1. hymn to, [A].
   2. his functions, [A].

1. Paradise, the terrestrial, [A], [B], [C], [D], [E].
2. Paynal, the god, [A].
3. Parturition, goddess of. See Childbirth.
4. Picha-Huasteca, a tribe, [A], [B].
5. Pipitlan, a place name, [A].
6. Pipiteca, a nomen gentile, [A].
7. Poetry, ancient Mexican, [A], [B], [C].
8. Pulque, the god of, [A].

1. Quechol bird, the, [A].
2. Quetzal bird, the, [A], [B].
3. Quetzalcoatl:
   1. priests adopt his garb, [A].
   2. as speaker, [A], [B].
   3. his companion, [A].
4. Quilaztli:
   1. name of a goddess, [A], [B].
   2. related to Atlaua, [A].

1. Rain, the god of, [A].
2. Rain gods, the, the house of, [A].
3. Reproduction, the goddess of, [A].

1. Sacrifices, human, [A], [B], [C], [D], [E].
2. Sahagun, Bernardino de:
   1. MS. of his Historia, [A].
   2. his remarks on the chants, [A].
   3. action of Inquisition on, [A].
   4. quoted, [A], [B], [C], [D], [E], [F], [G], [H], [I] et sæpe.
3. Serpent:
   1. the lightning, [A], [B].
   2. mountain, [A].
   3. the serpent woman, [A].
   4. serpent’s blood, [A].
   5. swallowing of, [A].
   6. of seven heads, [A].
4. Seven, as a sacred number, [A].
5. Simeon, Remi, his notes to Sahagun’s Historia, [A].
6. Slaves, sacrifice of, [A], [B], [C].
7. Soul, place in Aztec mythology, [A].
8. South, the, as origin of deities, [A], [B].
9. Sun-god, the, [A].

1. Tamoanchan:
   1. its signification, [A].
   2. the houses of, [A].
2. Teatlahuiani, a name of the god of the pulque, [A].
3. Temple of Tenochtitlan, [A], [B].
4. Tenochtitlan, ancient name of the city of Mexico, temple of, [A], [B].
5. Tepeyacac, temple at, [A].
6. Tequechmecaniani, a name of the god of drunkenness, [A].
7. Teteuinan, hymn of, [A].
8. Tezcatlipoca, the god, [A].
9. Tezcatzoncatl, god of the pulque, [A].
   1. hymn to, [A], [B].
10. Tezcatzontli, [A].
11. Thorns, diviners with, [A].
12. Tlaloc, the god:
    1. song of, [A], [B].
    2. house of, [A], [B], [C].
    3. functions of, [A].
    4. figure of, [A].
13. Tlalocan, the terrestrial Paradise, [A], [B], [C].
    1. guide to, [A].
    2. explained, [A].
14. Tlazolteotl, the love goddess, [A].
15. Toçi, our mother, a goddess, [A].
16. Toltecs, the fabulous nation of, [A].
17. Torquemada, quoted, [A], [B], [C].
18. Totec, the god:
    1. hymn to, [A].
    2. a companion of Quetzalcoatl, [A].
19. Totochtin, gods of intoxication, [A].
20. Tochtli, the rabbit, as a god of drunkards, [A].
21. Tonan or Tonantzin, the goddess, [A], [B].
22. Travelers, the deity of, [A].
23. Tulan, the site of, [A].
24. Turquoises as ornaments, [A].
25. Twins, the goddess of, [A].
26. Tzatzitepec, the hill of proclamation, [A].
27. Tziuactitlan, a place name, [A].
28. Tzocatzontlan, a place name, [A].

1. Uitznahuac. See Huitznabruac.

1. Venus impudica, the Mexican, [A].
2. Vitzilopochtli. See Huitzilopochtli.

1. War:
   1. the god of, [A].
   2. goddess of, [A].
2. Water cypress, the, [A].
3. Waters, master of the, [A].
4. Woman, sacrifice of, [A].

1. Xilonen, goddess of green corn, [A].
2. Xippe Totec, the god, hymn to, [A].
3. Xiuhtecutli, a name of the god of fire, [A].
4. Xochipilli, the god of flowers:
   1. hymn to, [A].
   2. functions of, [A].
   3. synonym, [A].
5. Xochitlycacan, name of the earthly Paradise, its meaning, [A].
6. Xochiquetzal, the goddess:
   1. hymn to, [A].
   2. functions of, [A].
   3. reference to, [A], [B].

1. Yacatecutli, god of travelers, hymn to, [A].
2. Yoatzin, the god of night, [A], [B].
3. Youallauan, the nocturnal tippler, high priest of Totec, [A].

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