The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. V, Number 123, March 6, 1852, by Various This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: Notes and Queries, Vol. V, Number 123, March 6, 1852 A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. Author: Various Editor: George Bell Release Date: September 20, 2012 [EBook #40804] Language: English Character set encoding: UTF-8 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, MARCH 6, 1852 *** Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Library of Early Journals.) [Transcriber's note: Original spelling variations have not been standardized. Characters with macrons have been marked in brackets with an equal sign, as [=e] for a letter e with a macron on top. Underscores have been used to indicate _italic_ fonts. A list of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries" has been added at the end.] NOTES AND QUERIES: A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC. "When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. VOL. V.--No. 123. SATURDAY, MARCH 6. 1852. Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition, 5_d._ CONTENTS. Page NOTES:-- South Sea Playing Cards, by John Sudlow 217 Birthplace of the Empress Josephine, by Henry H. Breen 220 Notes on Homer, No. III., by Kenneth R. H. Mackenzie 221 Folk Lore:--Ancient Custom on Interment--Pure Rain Water--Cure for Hooping Cough 223 Sainted Kings Incorruptible 223 Minor Notes:--Rev. A. Butler--Birthplace of Bishop Hoadley--Humboldt's "Cosmos," and Nares' "Attempt"--Gough, the Irish Portion of his Camden: Ledwich--Chronogram--Junius and the Quarterly Review again 224 QUERIES:-- Seven Queries 225 Plague Stones 226 Minor Queries:--The Cross on Counsels' Briefs--Sir James Hayes, of Bedgebury, Kent--Authorship of the Song "Oh Nanny," &c.--Hexameter Poem on English Counties--Wild Oats, Origin of the Phrase--The Dr. Richard Mortons--General Lambert--Cross-legged Effigies and Collars of SS.--The Crooked Billet--Collins the Poet, and his Ode on the Music of the Grecian Theatre--Bishop Kidder's Autobiography--Shrine of Edward the Confessor--"Wise above that which is written"--"Hoffman," a Tragedy by Chettle--Inverted Commas--Quotations Wanted--Deacons, a Phrase used by Foxe--The Count de Vordac 226 MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Hoare's Charity--Dr. Sacheverell's "Sermon at Derby"--Lucas Lossius--The "Athenian Oracle" 229 REPLIES:-- French Revolutions foretold 231 Grimesdyke 231 Poet referred to by Bacon, by S. W. Singer 232 Johnson's House, Bolt Court 232 Cooper's Miniature of Cromwell, by Major-General Fox 234 The Queen of the Isle of Man 234 Replies to Minor Queries:--Old Scots March--Elizabeth, Equestrian Figure of--Meaning of Stickle--Latin Names of Towns--Llandudno, on the Great Orme's Head--Brozier--Passage in Troilus and Cressida--Nelson Family--Maps of Africa--Muggleton--Passage in Hamlet--Theoloneum--Donkey--Sir Samuel Garth--Princes of Wales and Earls of Chester, &c.: Mr. Bush's Collection--Litera scripta manet 235 MISCELLANEOUS:-- Notes on Books, &c. 237 Books and Odd Volumes wanted 238 Notices to Correspondents 238 Advertisements 239 Notes. SOUTH SEA PLAYING CARDS. It is pretty generally known that, during the South Sea mania, a pack of playing cards was published in illustration of the prevailing folly. Each card contained a caricature of one of the numerous bubble companies, with a pertinent verse underneath. These cards are now extremely rare. I never saw a complete set, nor do I know where one is to be found. Some time ago a friend kindly furnished me with a copy of all the verses (except one), and as I am not aware that they have been printed separately, I beg to forward a transcript for preservation in "N. & Q.;" not because I think they have any excellence to recommend them, but because it is desirable that so curious a record of a very extraordinary time should not be entirely lost. Perhaps some of your correspondents can supply the missing verse:-- SPADES. Ace. _River Douglas._ "Since bubbles came in vogue, new arts are found To cut thro' rocks, and level rising ground; That murmuring waters may be made more deep, To drown the knaves and lull the fools asleep." Two. _Grand Fishery._ "Well might this bubble claim the style of grand, Whilst they that raised the same could fish by land; But now the town does at the project pish, They've nothing else to cry but stinking fish." Three. _Cleaning the Streets._ "A cleanly project, well approved no doubt, By strolling dames, and all that walk on foot. This bubble well deserves the name of best, Because the cleanest bite of all the rest." Four. _Fish Pool._ "How famous is the man that could contrive, To serve this gluttonous town with fish alive. But now we're bubbled by his fishing pools, And as the men catch fish, the fish catch fools." Five. _York Buildings Water Company._ "You that are blest with wealth by your Creator, And want to drown your money in Thames water, Buy but York buildings, and the cistern there Will sink more pence than any fool can spare." Six. _Insurance on Lives._ "Come all ye gen'rous husbands with your wives Insure round sums on your precarious lives, That to your comfort, when you're dead and rotten, Your widows may be rich when you're forgotten." Seven. _Stockings Company._ "You that delight to keep your sweaty feet, By often changing stockings, clean and neat, Deal not in stocking shares, because I doubt Those that buy most 'ere long will go without." Eight. _Puckles Machine_ (Bullets round and square). "A rare invention to destroy the crowd Of fools at home, instead of foes abroad. Fear not, my friends, this terrible machine, They're only wounded that have shares therein." Nine. _Welsh Copper._ "This bubble for a time may current pass, Copper's the title, but 'twill end in brass; Knaves cry it up, fools buy, but when it fails, The losing crowd will cry 'lots splutter a'nails.'" Ten. _Providing for and employing all the Poor of Great Britain._ "The poor when managed and employ'd in trade, Are to the public welfare useful made. But if kept idle, from their vices spring W----s for the stews, and soldiers for the king." Knave. _Raddish Oil._ "Our oily project with the gaping town, Will surely for a time go smoothly down. We sow and press to carry on the cheat: To bite Change Alley is not fraud, but wit." Queen. _For erecting Hospitals for taking in and maintaining Illegitimate Children._ "Love on, ye jolly rakes and buxom dames, A child is safer than venereal flames; Indulge your senses with the sweet offence, We'll keep your bastards at a small expence." King. _An inoffensive Way of emptying Houses of Office._ "Our fragrant bubble, would the world believe it, Is to make human dung smell sweet as civet; None sure before us ever durst presume To turn a ... into a rich perfume." CLUBS. Ace. _Lute-string Co._ "These crafty managers have play'd for years The world as many tricks as dancing bears, By bubbling too they broke their ancient rules; They first made lute-strings, but they now make fools." Two. _Paste board Manufacturing Co._ "As empty sayings flow from windy fools, So pasteboard bubbles rise from paper skulls. Madness must surely be the town's disease When knaves get money by such whims as these." Three. _Trade to Harborough._ "You that delight to take up foreign linen, At Harbro' made, a little town near Bremen, Encourage trade abroad for time to come, And, like kind fools, neglect your own at home." Four. _Saltpetre._ "Come all ye black infernal powder makers, And Rocketeers that deal in squibs and crackers, Buy petre stock, let me be your adviser, 'Twill make you (tho' not richer) much the wiser." Five. _For Bleaching Coarse Sugars._ "Fair tattling gossips, you that love to see Fine sugar blended with expensive tea, Since you delight in things both dear and sweet, Buy sugar shares, and you'll be sweetly bit." Six. _Fatting of Hogs._ "Come all ye bacon making, greasy rogues That want good names for your meagre hogs, Send them to us, and at a small expence, We'll fat 'em up with offal, blood, and grains." Seven. _Rose Insurance from Fire._ "Projecting sure must be a gainful trade, Since all the elements are bubbles made; They're right that gull us with the dread of fire, For fear makes greater fools than fond desire." Eight. _Buying Seamen's Tickets._ "As the case stands, the Wapping wives all buy The seamen's tickets for a small supply; But 'tis no matter whether spendthrift slaves Are choused by Wapping w----s, or bubbling knaves." Nine. _Liverpool Fresh Water._ "This town does to our Western Islands deal, And serves 'em with malt liquors, and with meal, Both excellently good! then how in nature Can people brew fine drink, yet want fresh water." Ten. _Bleaching of Hair Company._ "Here dirty brown, dark red, and yellow hair, Are bleach'd to colours that are fine and fair, Then blended,--so that half the w----s in town Contribute to adorn one addled crown." Knave. _Freeholders Company._ "Come all ye spendthrift prodigals that hold Free land, and want to turn the same to gold, We'll buy your all, provided you agree To drown your purchase-money in South Sea." Queen. _Lending Money on Bottomry._ "Some lend their money for the sake of more, And others borrow to increase their store;-- Both these do oft engage in Bottomree, But curse sometimes the bottom of the sea." King. _Irish Sail Cloth._ "If good St. Patrick's friends should raise a stock, And make in Irish looms true hollands duck, Then shall this noble project, by my soul, No longer be a bubble but a bull." HEARTS. Ace. _Hemp and Flax._ "Here hemp is served for stubborn rogues to die in, And softer flax for tender skins to lie in, But should the useful project be defeated, The knaves will prosper, and the fools be cheated." Two. _Manuring of Land._ "A noble undertaking, but abused, And only as a tricky bubble used;-- Much they pretend to, but the public fear, They'll never make corn cheap, or horse-dung dear!" Three. _Coal Trade from Newcastle._ "Some deal in water, some in wind like fools, Others in wood, but we alone in coals; From such like projects a declining nation May justly fear a fatal inflammation." Four. _Water Engine._ "Come all ye culls, my water engine buy To pump your flooded mines and coal-pits dry: Some projects are all wind, but ours is water, And tho' at present low, may rise herea'ter." Five. _Royal Fishery of Great Britain._ "They talk of distant seas, of ships and nets, And with the style of Royal, gild their baits; When all that the projectors hope or wish for Is to catch fools, the only chubs they fish for." Six. _Erecting Houses of Office in Britain for Strangers and Travellers._ "A useful project merrily advanced, Tho' chiefly by town-nightmen countenanced, Design'd to sweeten the North British nation, And put close stools and bedpans out of fashion." Seven. _Building Ships to let to Freight._ "Who but a nest of blockheads to their cost, Would build new ships for freights when trade is lost? To raise fresh barks must surely be amusing, When hundreds rot in docks for want of using." Eight. _Drying Malt by the Air._ "Of all the windy projects now in vogue To fleece the fool, and feed the cunning rogue, The malting bubble seems to be most fair, Because our maltsters own they work by air." Nine. _English Copper and Brass Company._ "The headlong fool that wants to be a swopper Of gold and silver coin for English copper, May in Change Alley prove himself an ass, And give rich metal for adult'rate brass." Ten. _Exporting Timber from Germany._ "You that are rich and hasty to be poor, Buy timber export from the German shore; For gallowses built up of foreign wood, If rightly used, may do Change Alley good." Knave. _For Erecting Salt-works in Holy Island._ "Here by mixt elements of earth and water, They make a mud that turns to salt herea'ter, To help the project on among Change dealers, May all bad wives, like Lot's, become salt pillars, Since crowds of fools delight to be salt sellers." Queen. _Curing Tobacco for Snuff._ "Here slaves for snuffs are sifting Indian weed, Whilst th' overseer does the riddle feed. The dust arising gives their eyes much trouble, To show their blindness that espouse the bubble." King. _Whale Fishery._ "Whale fishing, which was once a gainful trade, Is now by cunning heads a bubble made, For round the Change they only spread their sails, And to catch gudgeons, bait their hooks with whales." DIAMONDS. Ace. _Sir J. Lambert's Improvement of Land Company._ "The famous knight that is the sole projector, Of this new bubble, is a South director; But 'twod be better taken at his hands, To raise poor South Sea, than improve poor lands." Two. _Greenland Trade._ "This project was to catch, to cut or boil, Huge whales and other monstrous fish to oil; A stinking bubble tho' of late so dear, Yet now the greatest sharers stink for fear." Three. [Wanting.] Four. _Insurance on Horses._ "You that keep horses to preserve your ease, And pads to please your wives and mistresses, Insure their lives, and if they die we'll make Full satisfaction, or be bound to break." Five. _Bahama Islands._ "Rare fruitful isles, where not an ass can find A verdant tuft or thistle to his mind. How then must those poor silly asses fare, That leave their native land to settle there?" Six. _Insurance on Ships._ "In vain are all insurances,--for still The raging winds must answer heaven's hill; To what wise purpose do we then insure, Since some must lose whate'er the sea devour?" Seven. _Rock-salt._ "You that are willing to preserve your meat In winter savoury, and in summer sweet, Encourage this salt project, and your coin Will turn to some account--at least to brine." Eight. _Settling Colonies in Acadia, N. America._ "He that is rich and wants to fool away A good round sum in North America, Let him subscribe himself a headlong sharer, And asses' ears shall honour him or bearer." Nine. _Pennsylvanian Company._ "Come all ye saints that would for little buy Great tracts of land, and care not where they lie, Deal with your Quaking friends, they're men of light; The spirit hates deceit, and scorns to bite." Ten. _Purchasing Estates illegally detained._ "You that have dormant titles to estates, Piled on your closet shelves to feed the rats, Sell them to us, we'll gratify your spite, And plague the rogues that roil you of your right." Knave. _Coral Fishery._ "Coral, that beauteous product only found Beneath the water and above the ground, If fish'd for as it ought, from thence might spring A Neptune's palace for a British king." Queen. _Furnishing Funerals to all Parts of Great Britain._ "Come all ye sickly mortals, die apace, And solemn pomps your funerals shall grace; Old rusty hackneys still attend each hearse, And scarecrows in black gowns complete the farce." King. _Temple Mills._ "By these old mills strange wonders have been done, Numbers have suffer'd, yet they still work on; Then tell us, which have done the greater ills, The Temple lawyers, or the Temple Mills?" JNO. SUDLOW. BIRTHPLACE OF THE EMPRESS JOSEPHINE. It is commonly believed that the Island of Martinique was the birthplace of Marie Josephine Rose Tascher de la Pagerie, better known as the Empress Josephine. It would seem, however, from the following circumstances, that St. Lucia has a preferable claim to that distinction. By the treaty of Paris (10th February, 1763), St. Lucia, until then one of the neutral islands, was ceded to France, and was made a dependency of Martinique. The first step adopted by the local authorities on that occasion, was to offer extensive grants of land in St. Lucia to such families in Martinique as might be disposed to settle in the former island; and among those who took advantage of the proposal was M. de Tascher, the father of Josephine. In the course of the year 1763 he came over to St. Lucia, and settled with his family on the crest of a hill called _Paix-Bouche_, within a few miles of the site now occupied by the principal town. Here they continued to reside until 1771, when M. de Tascher, having been selected for the office of President of the _Conseil Souverain_ in Martinique, returned with his family to that island, taking with him a child seven years old, to whom Madame de Tascher had given birth at _Morne Paix-Bouche_ on the 24th June, 1764, and who was destined to become the wife of Bonaparte and the Empress of France. The fact that M. de Tascher and his family settled in St. Lucia after the Treaty of Paris, is too well established to require corroboration. The fact that his residence there extended from 1763 to 1771, is no less certain. While collecting materials some years ago for the history of St. Lucia, I met with the most authentic proofs of this circumstance; but having returned the books and documents to the several parties to whom they belonged, I am unable at this moment to give a special reference under this head. As regards the particular date of Mademoiselle De Tascher's birth, I am indebted for a knowledge of it to no less an authority than M. Sidney Daney, the author of a voluminous history of Martinique, who, while asserting that she was born on the paternal estate in that island, records the date in the following words: "Cette année 1764 fut signalée par la naissance d'une femme qui, tout en parvenant à la plus glorieuse des destinées humaines, devait être à la fois le symbole le plus doux de cette divine charité. Le vingt-quatre Juin naquit aux Trois-Ilets, sur l'habitation de ses parens, Marie Josephine Rose Tascher de la Pagerie." That the claim of St. Lucia to the honour of having given birth to that remarkable woman is no idle dream, no imaginary pretension, now set up for the first time, can be shown by many circumstances. From her coronation in 1804, to her death in 1814, there were several persons in St. Lucia who asserted their knowledge of the fact. Some of them were still living in 1825, when the late Sir John Jeremie came to St. Lucia and collected information on the subject. In 1831 that able judge published in a local newspaper a short historical notice of St. Lucia, in which he gives the following unequivocal testimony on this question. I quote from the _St. Lucia Gazette and Public Advertiser_ of 23rd February, 1831: "On the summit of one of its (St. Lucia's) highest mountains, the _Paix-Bouche_ (a word which in Negro-French is significantly expressive of silence), on a spot surrounded by trees, apparently the growth of centuries, it might be supposed that here at least the very name of the extraordinary being who has given an impulse to the age of Napoleon had scarcely reached. A few yards from the almost impracticable and faintly traced path is the mouldering foundation of a decayed cottage. _That was the birthplace of Josephine._ The inhabitants of Martinique, with whom all the St. Lucia families are connected, lay claim to Josephine as their countrywoman. The fact is, however, as I have stated it; and this was admitted by one of her own family at Martinique to a lady of our island, but with the truly French addition, 'qu'elle n'avait fait qu'y naître.' The companion of her childhood was Mr. Martin Raphael, late a councillor of the royal court, who is still living, and who on visiting France was kindly received by her at Malmaison. Madame Delomel, who died but a few months ago at a very advanced age, knew her well." On my arrival in St. Lucia in 1831, an old woman of colour, named _Dédé_, was pointed out to me as having been in the service of the Taschers at _Morne Paix-Bouche_. She was then residing with the family of Mr. R. Juge, the President of the Court of First Instance, and that gentleman assured me that nothing was more certain than that Josephine was born in St. Lucia. I afterwards had several conversations with _Dédé_ on the subject, and she confirmed Mr. Juge's statement, adding that she was present at the time of Josephine's birth, and was employed as her _bonne_ until the departure of the family for Martinique. _Dédé_ was an intelligent old dame, then about eighty years of age, and was greatly respected by every one. I am aware that all this is at variance with the biographical records of our time, which assign Martinique as the place of Josephine's birth. But this inaccuracy may be accounted for on the following grounds. 1st. St. Lucia is within a short distance of Martinique, and at the period of Josephine's birth was a dependency, a portion, as it were, of that colony. 2nd. The family had long been settled in Martinique before they came to St. Lucia, and all their predilections were for the former island. 3rd. Their sojourn in St. Lucia was not of long duration, and in a few years the circumstance of their having been there at all was probably forgotten by the public. 4th. There was no priest in St. Lucia in 1764, by whom the child might have been christened, and the place of her birth established beyond dispute. 5th. When at a subsequent period she was baptized in Martinique, it happened naturally enough that there was no one present who had any knowledge of her having been born in St. Lucia, or who felt any concern in the matter. 6th. M. De Tascher had now become a personage of some distinction, and he was probably not unwilling to efface the recollection of his having been, at one time, a needy planter in the wilds of St. Lucia. 7th. Facts which have since acquired an obvious importance, were of none at all in 1771. The suppression of such a circumstance, whether intentional or accidental, would have attracted no notice at that period of the history of the Taschers. It was not then anticipated that a member of the family would, at no very remote period, become associated with the greatest actor in the most extraordinary revolution in the world's history, and prove herself not unworthy of so exalted a destiny. All that relates to the Empress Josephine receives an added degree of interest from recent occurrences. It would be strange if the wife who was discarded by Napoleon because she could not give him an heir for the imperial throne, should give him, if not an heir, his first successor, in the person of her grandson, Prince Louis Napoleon. As regards St. Lucia, too, there is a coincidence which may be worth mentioning. When Napoleon fell into our hands after the battle of Waterloo, St. Lucia was the place _first_ selected for his exile; but in consequence of the dangers likely to arise frown its proximity to Martinique, the scheme was relinquished, and the preference given to St. Helena. HENRY H. BREEN. St. Lucia. NOTES ON HOMER, NO. III. (_Continued from_ Vol. v., p. 172.) _Lachmann and Grote. New Views._ Agreeably to my promise at the conclusion of my former article, I continue and conclude my remarks on the Homeric question. Nitzsch, one of Wolf's most indefatigable and learned opponents, examined his theory with the closest critical nicety, and, by proving its fallaciousness, he shook the stability of it very much--not wholly, however, because disproof does not always engender disbelief; scholars were beginning to lose faith therein, when, ten years ago, the late Carl Lachmann revived it, with certain modifications, in his _Fernere Betrachtungen über die Ilias_ (Abhandl. Berlin. Acad. 1841), where he has proposed the following views:-- That the Homeric poems were not composed by one man, but by several, working together; and that, after the collection of these lays by Peisistratos, the history of them is precisely as given us by classical writers. This proposition, to use the words of Grote[1], "explains the gaps and contradictions in the narrative, but it explains nothing else;" and is further refuted by the actual facts of the poems themselves[2], where, as we find, no contradictions bearing on this point occur, and the whole sixteen poets (for such is Lachmann's number) concur in killing and sending off the stage, so to speak, these considerable chieftains (and all in the first battle after the secession of Achilles), Elephenor, chief of the Euboeans[3], Tlepolemos, of the Rhodians[4]; Pandaros of the Lycians[5]; Odios, of the Halizonians[6]; Pirous and Acamas, of the Thracians[7]; besides many of inferior note. None of these reappear in the whole course of the work; and it seems strange, as Mure continues, that "any number of 'independent poets' should have so harmoniously dispensed with the services of all six in the sequel." And he then cites the solitary discrepancy, Pylæmenes, as the only exception[8], whose death is related in the fifth, and who weeps at his son's funeral in the thirteenth book. This however, Mure explains as an oversight on the part of the poet (which is, however, _impossible_), or to the more probable cause of an interpolation of verses 658 and 659 by an early rhapsodist, "better versed in the 'Battle of the Ships,' as his habitual part in the recital, than in the 'Prowess of Diomed.'" [Footnote 1: Grote, vol. ii. p. 231.] [Footnote 2: Mure, Appendix C., vol. i. p. 507.] [Footnote 3: Ιλ. iv. 469.] [Footnote 4: Ιλ. v. 659.] [Footnote 5: Ιλ. v. 290.] [Footnote 6: v. 39.] [Footnote 7: iv. 527., vi. 7.] [Footnote 8: v. 576., xiii. 658.] Grote also objects to the modifications of Lachmann, and in the following words: "The advocates of the Wolfian theory appear to feel the difficulties which beset it: for their language is wavering in respect to these supposed primary atoms.... I will add in respect to his [Lachmann's] dissertations, so instructive as a microscopic examination of the poem, 1. That I find myself constantly dissenting from that critical feeling on the strength of which he cuts out parts as interpolations, and discovers traces of the hands of distinct poets: 2. That his objections against the continuity of the narrative are often founded upon lines which the ancient scholiasts and Mr. Payne Knight had already pronounced to be interpolations: 3. That such of his objections as are founded upon lines undisputed admit, in many cases, of a complete and satisfactory reply."[9] [Footnote 9: _Hist. of Greece_, vol. ii. p. 232. n. 1.] Grote's own opinions on the subject are difficult to arrive at, but what he _has_ said is mostly true. These three different views of the Homeric controversy have, as I have said, occupied the world since thinking on the subject began; each hypothesis has found most able, critical, and quibbling adherents and opponents, each affirming and proving, after his own way, what the others denied and scouted. There is another author who has likewise discussed the subject of Homer, and in a way more attractive to the general reader; and that is the finely-feeling and learned Walter Savage Landor, in his _Pericles and Aspasia_. Speaking in the person of Pericles, he says[10]:-- "I have no paradox to maintain, no partiality to defend. Some tell us there were twenty Homers; some deny that there was ever one. _It were idle and foolish to shake the contents of a vase in order to let them settle at last._ We are perpetually labouring to destroy our delights, our composure, our devotion to superior power. Of all the animals on earth we least know what is good for us. My opinion is, that what is best for us is our admiration of good. No man living venerates Homer more than I do. He was the only author I read when I was a boy; for our teachers are usually of opinion that wisdom and poetry are, like fruits for children, unwholesome, if too fresh. Simonides had indeed grown somewhat sound; Pindar was heating; Æschylus ... ay, but Æschylus was almost at the next door. Homer then nourished my fancy, animated my dreams, awoke me in the morning, marched with me, sailed with me, taught me morals, taught me language, taught me music, and philosophy, and war." [Footnote 10: _Pericles and Aspasia_, Letter LXXXIV.--_Works_, vol. ii. p. 387.] Agreeing with my honoured friend in what I have italicised above, I think it is time that the Homeric question were set at rest, and, to atone for our error in shaking the vase, let it remain at peace forever. I offer my reflections on the subject with extreme diffidence, yet, though I confess myself open to correction, and desirous of it, as a friend to literature, I cannot say that I think my views will be found far from an approximation to the truth, which, at this remote age, is all we can possibly arrive at. As Plinius Secundus held that there was no book so bad but that something might be learned from it, so I hold that there is no theory so bad (always excepting that one put forth by some escaped Bedlamite, of Shakspeare's non-being, and that his works were the composition of the monks), but that there lies some truth at the bottom of it. On that principle I have endeavoured "to lay the keel" (as Southey used to say of his planned poems) of a reconciliation between all the beliefs of all the theorists. I will state my theory, as I have done the others, in the plainest possible terms; and, to begin at the beginning, I must go back to the origin of song. Is it possible that an army like that of the Hellenes when at Troy, had no idea of passing the weary evenings except in drinking and talking? No: surely not. We find Phemios singing, in the _Odyssea_, lays of much the same kidney as those in Athenæos, and in Xenophon's _Symposion_. These were short recitals of some particular circumstance of antiquity, half religious and half earthly. No doubt the common soldiers of that age had, like the common sailors of some fifty years ago, some one qualified to "discourse in excellent music" among them. Many of these, like those of the negroes in the United States, were extemporaneous, and allusive to events passing around them. But what was passing around them? The grand events of a spirit-stirring war; occurrences likely to impress themselves, as the mystical legends of former times had done, upon their memory; besides which, a retentive memory was deemed a virtue of the first water, and was cultivated accordingly, in those ancient times. Ballads at first, and down to the beginning of the war with Troy, were mere recitations with an intonation. Then followed a species of recitative, probably with an intoned burden. Tune next followed, as it aided the memory considerably. It was at this period, about four hundred years after the war, that a poet flourished of the name of Melesigenes, or Meonides, but most probably the former. He saw that these ballads might be made of great utility to his purpose of writing a poem on the social position of Hellas, and as a collection he published these lays, connecting them by a tale of his own. This poem now exists under the title of the _Odyssea_. The author, however, did not affix his own name to the poem, which, in fact, was great part of it remodelled from the archaïc dialect of Crete, in which tongue the ballads were found by him. He therefore called it the poem of _Homeros_, or the Collector.[11] But this is rather a proof of his modesty and talent, than of his mere drudging arrangement of other people's ideas, for, as Grote has finely observed, arguing for the unity of authorship, "a great poet might have recast pre-existing separate songs into one comprehensive whole; but no mere arrangers or compilers would be competent to do so."[12] [Footnote 11: Welcker, _Der Epische Cyclus_, p. 127. Professor Wilson, in his _System of Hindu Mythology_ (Introduct. p. lxii.), has the following passage, quoted by Grote: "The sage Vyasa is represented not as the author, but as the arranger and compiler of the Vedas and the Purânas. His name dates his character, meaning the _arranger_ or _distributor_; and the recurrence of so many Vyasas,--many individuals who new-modelled the Hindu Scriptures,--has nothing in it that is improbable, except the fabulous intervals by which their labours are separated."] [Footnote 12: _Hist of Greece_, vol. ii. p. 232.] While employed on the wild legend of Odysseus, he met with a ballad recording the quarrel of Achilles and Agamemnon; his noble mind seized the hint that there presented itself, and the _Achilleïs_[13] grew under his hand. Unity of design, however, caused him to publish the poem under the same pseudonyme as his former work; and the disjointed lays of the ancient bards were joined together, like those relating to the Cid, into a chronicle history, named the _Iliad_.[14] Melesigenes knew that the poem was destined to be a lasting one; and so it has proved. But first, the poems were destined to undergo many vicissitudes and corruptions, by the people who took to singing them in the streets, assemblies, and agoras. However, Solon first, and then Peisistratos, and afterwards Aristoteles and others, revised the poems, and restored the works of Melesigenes Homeros to their original integrity in a great measure. But that this was of no great avail is evident from the corruption οἰωνοῖσί τε πᾶσι, in the opening. _All_ birds are not carnivorous, and therefore the passage must be wrong: besides, the words immediately following, savouring somewhat of interpolation, and, indeed, being condemned by some as such, would lead to the fair assumption that the whole line was corrupted. [Footnote 13: "The first book, together with the eighth, and the books from the eleventh to the twenty-second inclusive, seem to form the primary organisation of the poem, _then properly an Achilleïs_," &c.--Grote, Vol. ii. pp. 235. fol.] [Footnote 14: Mure, vol. i. p. 23 n. Ticknor, _History of Spanish Literature_, vol. i. p. 11. seq.] I said before (Vol. v., p. 99.) that the Cyclic poems illustrated the history of the Homeric compositions, just as the letters of Poplicola, and those of Philo Junius, illustrate the history of Junius; but I am not inclined to deprive them all of credit as the compositions of the same poet. For instance, part of the Ιλιας μικρα was probably done from the notes of Melesigenes, who was, like Herodotos, always at work upon some matter. The origin of writing has been made a stumbling-block in the Homeric question, and most foolishly; and I must again agree with Colonel Mure on this subject. Mr. Grote, Mr. Granville Penn, and the Colonel, have done more for the elucidation of the question than any other scholars of the present or last age; and it is to them we must turn for further assistance. I wish they would give their attention to the hymns, especially that to Hermes; for "thereby hangs a tale." As for me, I leave my speculations to the mercy of those who do not think like myself. I am satisfied that they are not far from the truth, and as near as we can hope to come in these days. Indeed, it is a well-known fact, embodied in the old proverb, "What's one man's meat's another's poison;" and that which is convincing to one is the contrary to another. Ere I "close" my "scribblings," however, I must tender my thanks to the Editor of "N. & Q.," for his kind admission of these articles to his pages. Haveto! KENNETH R. H. MACKENZIE. March 3. 1852. FOLK LORE. _Ancient Custom on Interment._--I have read that it was a custom to inter an hour-glass with the deal, as an emblem of the sand of life being run out; or perhaps (as I should rather suggest) to intimate that the departed, having entered upon eternity, had done with time. I believe that in the early part of the last century the custom had not entirely disappeared, and that small hour-glasses were given to the friends of the deceased attending at funerals, and were put beside the corpse (like rosemary), or thrown into the grave? Does the custom still linger in any remote parts of the country? W. S. G. Newcastle-on-Tyne. _Pure Rain Water._--_Pure rain water_ is said to be an infallible cure for sore eyes, and cases are reported to the writer by persons who have tried and fancy they have proved its efficacy. The rain water must be collected in a clean open vessel, _in the month of June_, and must not be contaminated be being previously collected by any other means; it will then remain pure for any length of time, if preserved in a bottle. T. D. Gainsbro'. _Cure for Hooping Cough._--This complaint is very prevalent in my neighbourhood just now. I overheard a conversation the other day between some farmers: one was recommending the patient to inhale the breath of a horse as a certain cure; another gravely informed his audience that the sight of a piebald horse would afford immediate relief! G. A. C. SAINTED KINGS INCORRUPTIBLE. In the Appendix to Evelyn's interesting _Diary_ (last edition, 1850), your readers may recollect there is a note upon the "unexpected finding the crucifix and gold chain of that pious prince, St. Edward the Confessor." The note contains an extract from the narrative of the circumstances attending the finding of those relics by "Charles Taylour, Gent." (or, Henry Keepe--the writer's correct name). It appears from that account, that when, in 1163, Thomas à Becket obtained a canonisation of the king, and the coffin was opened, the body was found uncorrupted; and that, 136 years after William I. had commanded the coffin to be enshrined, when the abbot resolved to inspect the body, then likewise "said to be incorruptible," he found it so, "being perfect, the limbs flexible," &c. A curious parallel to this presented itself recently to one in the course of a reference to the 2nd volume of Mr. W. B. MacCabe's curious and laborious _Catholic History of England_. [_En passant_, allow me to express the hope, in which I well know many sympathise, that the long-promised _third_ volume, bringing the history down to the accession of William the Conqueror, will ere long appear. The work gives in a well-arranged form so much that is curious in our early national records, that it would be a matter of regret that it should not be completed. It is a great pity indeed that the author's original plan, to carry the history down to the Reformation, should have been abandoned.] After describing the burial of Edgar (also a "Confessor," as well as St. Edward), it is stated that "in the year 1052, upon his tomb being opened by the Abbot Eilward, his body was found perfectly _free from_ the slightest stain of _corruption_;" and that upon the body being "profanely hacked," in order to make it fit the receptacle prepared for it, "torrents of blood burst from the king's corpse." (W. Malmsb. _Ges. Reg. Ang._) This, be it remembered, was eighty-seven years after burial. The body was afterwards deposited in a shrine. Are there other examples mentioned by the chroniclers of the incorruptibility of saintly kings? Both Edward and Edgar were, it should be recollected, good friends to the monks. William of Malmsbury, in the course of his eulogium upon Edgar, mentions the important fact that the monarch not only gave-- "Templa Deo," but also-- "Templis Monachos, Monachis dedit agros." Were not these strong reasons why the king should remain uncorrupted, at all events in the memory, and also the records, of the brotherhood? J. J. S. Minor Notes. _Rev. A. Butler._--The Rev. R. Gibbings, M.A., did some years since give to the public an exact reprint of the first Roman _Index Expurgatorius_, in the lengthened Introduction to which he has treated of the whole literature pertaining to the question. The same rev. gentleman is author of the following elegant inscription on the monument of the Rev. Archer Butler, recently professor of moral philosophy in Trinity College, Dublin. Your miscellany seems an appropriate place wherein to enshrine matters of this order. "D. O. M. "GUILIELMUS ARCHER BUTLER, A.M. Rathmothachiæ Rector in Dioecesi Rapotensi, Apud Dublinienses in Ethicis Professor, Theologus, Poeta, Philosophus, Optimis ingenii dotibus, summâque eloquentiâ præditus, Multa pro Ecclesiâ Christi feliciter conscripsit, Plura moliebatur. Viris ille bonis doctisque juxta carus, Integer vitæ, maturus animi, Religione devinctus, concionibus potens Æqualium decus, simul et exemplar, Malignâ febre correptus, Eheu, quàm intempestivè! E terris migravit A.D. MDCCCXLVIII. ætatis suæ XXXVII., Triste desiderium superstitibus relinquens, Amici piè memores hoc illi monumentum poni voluere." O. T. D. _Birthplace of Bishop Hoadley._--On the west side of the London Road, Westerham, Kent, are some neatly built brick cottages: before one of them stands a yew tree, which, I was informed by an intelligent inhabitant of the town, was planted by the Rev.--Hoadley, on the birth of his son Benjamin. Although the tree still marks the spot, the house itself does not now stand; it was razed to the ground some years since to make room for the present buildings. Benjamin's brother, who was afterwards Archbishop of Dublin, was also born in this house. I may add that this is not generally known in the town, but I think the above "Note" is accurate. H. G. D. _Humboldt's "Cosmos," and Nares' "Attempt."_--Observing that the learned and accomplished Humboldt has concluded his _Cosmos_ in German, although the English translation of the last portion has not yet appeared,--an extremely valuable and interesting scientific contribution towards a general view of human knowledge regarding the universe,--will you permit me to observe, that as it perhaps did not enter into his plan to consider the _religious_ considerations that arise from a _Christian's_ view of the universe in its relation to our small portion of its apparently illimitable extent, any reader of Humboldt's work who wishes to see how a scholar and a divine of a former generation has treated the subject, will, if I mistake not, peruse the following work with singular pleasure, making all due allowance for the imperfect state of scientific knowledge at the time when the author wrote:-- "Εις Θεος Εις Μεσιτης; or, an Attempt to show how far the Philosophical Notion of a Plurality of Worlds is consistent, or not so, with the language of the Holy Scriptures. By the Rev. Edward Nares, A.M., Rector of Biddenden, Kent, and late Fellow of Merton College, Oxford. 8vo. London, 1801." The author, I may add, was a friend of the eminent geologist, De Luc. J. M. _Gough, the Irish Portion of his Camden: Ledwich._--The following cutting from a Dublin bookseller's Catalogue (Connolly, 6. Chancery Place, Feb. 1852) may perhaps find a corner in "N. & Q." Dr. Ledwich was the Will-o'-the-Wisp that led Gough astray in the matter of Irish antiquities. Few, indeed, of the "additions" made to honest Camden's original are of value, many of them are worse than valueless:-- "ANTIQUITIES OF IRELAND, from Gough's edition of Camden's Britannia, profusely illustrated with plates and maps from various works, including Ortelliu's (Ortelius') rare map of Ireland, all of which were inserted by the Rev. Mr. Ledwich, the Irish Antiquarian, royal folio, half russia, neat, 3_l._ 10_s._ "This unique copy was presented by Mr. Gough to the Rev. Mr. Ledwich, and bears Gough's autograph: 'For the Rev. Mr. Ledwich. From the author. 1789.' "Mr. Ledwich presented the book to Wm. Monck Mason, Esq., having written the following memorandum:-- "'I assisted Mr. Gough in this edition, and he spontaneously promised a copy of the work in 3 vols. folio, but put me off with this paltry volume. So he served my valuable friend, Mr. Beauford of Athy. "'Viveret in terris te si quis avarior uno?' "'_Horace._ "'E. L., F.A.S., 1790.' "A copy of the original note [to Mason] inserted in the book-- "'York Street, 3rd Feb. 1817. "'Dear Sir--Having parted with all my books, for not one of my family could or would read them, I have retained what I send you. It is a small return for the presents you made me. "'Small as it is, have the goodness to accept of it as a testimony of my obligations and friendship. "'Believe me yours sincerely, "'E. LEDWICH.' "The work is Gough's Britannia, the Irish Part." JAMES GRAVES. Kilkenny. _Chronogram_ over the door of Sherborne school, marking the date 1670: "Tecta, Draco custos, Leo vinDeX fLos Decus, auctor, ReX pius, hæc servat, protegit, ornat, aLit." The letters DLDXLDXL are capitals, and rubricated. S. S. _Junius and the Quarterly Review again._--The article on the Letters of Junius, in the last number of the _Quarterly Review_, is very pleasantly written. But I suppose it will not be considered to have rendered probable the notion that Thomas Lord Lyttelton was the writer of those letters. The reviewer observes that "Lord Lyttelton," meaning George, the first Lord Lyttelton, is only once mentioned by Junius. Undoubtedly Junius mentions "Lord _Littleton's_ integrity and judgment" (Woodfall, ii. 305.) Can it be imagined that Thomas Lord _Lyttelton_ could have so mis-spelled his father's name? CAROLUS CURSITOR. Queries. SEVEN QUERIES. 1. On the 24th February, 1831, was published, at Speenhamland, the first number of the _History and Antiquities of Newbury and its Environs_. Was this work ever completed? If not, how many numbers were issued. ["The History and Antiquities of Newbury and its Environs, including twenty-eight Parishes situate in the County of Berks, also a Catalogue of Plants found in the Neighbourhood," was completed in 1839, and makes a volume of 340 pages.] 2. Can any information be given as to Hannah Woolley beyond what she gives in the curious autobiographical sketch prefixed to her _Gentlewoman's Companion, or a Guide to the Female Sex_; 3rd edition. London, 1682, 12mo. Her maiden name she omits to mention; and all she discloses as to her family and fortunes is, that her parents died when she was very young, and that she had suffered "all manner of affliction," "by loss of husband, children, friend, estate." 3. Amongst Mr. C. K. Sharpe's MSS. was sold _The Force of Love, or the Ephesian Matron; a Dramatick Poem, in Three Parts_. From a playbill, which was pasted on the fly-leaf, it seems that this drama was produced for the benefit of Mr. and Mrs. Wallace, at the theatre in Sadler Street, Durham, April 7, 1777. The performance was "gratis;" but 2_s._ 6_d._, 2_s._, and 1_s._, for boxes, pit, and gallery, were charged for the "Concert of Music." The title was changed into the _Matron of Ephesus_, and the authorship was ascribed to Mr. Wallace. No notice either of play or author occurs in the _Biographia Dramatica_. 4. Does any MS. of the _Conquest of China_, a tragedy, by Sir Robert Howard, exist? I have in my library a scene written by the Earl of Rochester for the author, and which, so far as I can trace, from the very defective state of the libraries of the north, was never printed. It is a beautiful MS., and some of the lines possess considerable vigour. It is written in rhyme. 5. Who was the author of the _History of Faction, alias Hypocrisy, alias Moderation, from its first Rise, down to its present Toleration in these Kingdoms_? &c. London, 1705, 8vo. 6. Where can the fourth and concluding(?) number of Wright's _History of Ludlow_ be obtained? [Only three Parts have been published. The last was issued in 1847.] 7. Can you inform me who was the translator of-- "_The Idea of Christian Love_; being a Translation, at the Instance of Mr. Waller, of a Latin Sermon upon John xiii. 34, 35., preached by Mr. Edward Young, Prebend of Salisbury. With a large Paraphrase on Mr. Waller's Poem of _Divine Love_. To which are added, some Copies of Verses from that excellent Poetess Mrs. Wharton, with others to her. London, 1688, 8vo." The versification is extremely good, but as I never saw the sermon, I can have no notion whether the translation be faithful, or the reverse. I suspect a Latin "preachment" would have few hearers, especially now-a-days: but it would be interesting to see a Latin sermon which Waller thought highly of, and which he proposed should be turned into verse. I have not been able to procure any information as to the sermon, or its poetical translation, in any bibliographical work; but perhaps some of your numerous readers may know something either about Mr. Edward Young, the father I presume of the poet, or the translator. Mrs. Wharton was the daughter of Sir H. Lee, of Ditchly, and the first wife of the future Marquis of Wharton. A manuscript tragedy by her, and in her own handwriting, is in my possession. It is the presentation copy to Miss Mary Howe, whose autograph is on the fly-leaf. It is beautifully bound in old morocco, and formerly belonged to Horace Walpole, whose book-plate is on it. Who was Miss Mary Howe? It was purchased at the dispersion of the curious MSS. of Mr. Charles K. Sharpe, who had a great fancy for the lady's poetry. She is erroneously styled Marchioness of Wharton in Park's edition of Walpole's _Royal and Noble Authors_. J. MT. [The Rev. Edward Young was father to the poet, and Rector of Upham in Hampshire, Prebendary of Salisbury, and lastly Dean of that church. He died in 1705. The translation and paraphrase in _The Idea of Christian Love_ is attributed to William Atwood in the Bodleian Catalogue.] PLAGUE STONES. In a recent and valuable report addressed to the General Board of Health, on the sanitary state of the borough of Dorchester, by a gentleman to whom I, in common with all the readers of "N. & Q.," have often been indebted--I mean Robert Rawlinson, Esq.,--an allusion is made to the existence of "Plague Stones" in different parts of the country. Briefly recording the principal visitations of plague in Dorchester and its neighbourhood, he describes these "plague stones" as "stones placed on the boundary limits of old towns, having a circular or square dish-like sinking in them, which was filled with water, into which the town's people dropped the purchase-money in their dealings with the country people, as was supposed, to prevent infection. _Such stones may be seen in many places throughout England._" The object of this communication is, to suggest the propriety of a list of these curious relics being made, through the medium of your excellent paper. I am not aware of any such list at present existing. A plague stone is to be seen, I believe, at Penrith; and another near Manchester, which is, I am told, called the "Giant's Stone." The name of the latter seems, to my mind, to point to a more remote period, unless an existing monument of antiquity bearing that title was during the times of plague converted to the temporary use of receiving the suspected money in the hollowed dish, which is made at the top of these "plague stones." By the way, might not our forefathers have suffered less from the fearful visitations and devastating epidemics to which so many hundreds of thousands of them fell victims, if they had been as careful to _wash themselves_ habitually in _aqua pura_ as they were to wash the money which they received from suspected localities. The custom above alluded to admitted the powerfully cleansing qualities of water. It would have been good for them, especially in trying times of plague, if they had not been so accustomed to "let" the "_well_ alone," as regards their own personal purification. J. J. S. The Cloisters, Temple. Minor Queries. _The Cross on Counsels' Briefs._--Can any of your correspondents inform me as to the origin and present use of the cross on counsels' briefs? H. EDWARDS. _Sir James Hayes, of Bedgebury, Kent._--It is mentioned in the _Gentleman's Magazine_, 1792, p. 21., that on the foundation stone of Old Bedgebury House in Kent, was found, many years ago, an inscription recording the building of that house in 1688 by Sir James Hayes, and Rachel Viscountess Falkland, his wife. Allusion is made in the inscription to his having attained _great wealth from the depths of the ocean_; and there was a tradition that he had made his fortune by _diving_. Can any of your readers supply information upon this subject? Was he one of the party who under Phipps (the ancestor of the house of Mulgrave) recovered 200,000_l._ out of a Spanish vessel, sunk of the coast of Hispaniola in 1687? and where can the full particulars of that adventure be met with? J. E. T. _Authorship of the Song "Oh Nanny," &c._--A question as to the nationality, if not the authorship, of this celebrated song was discussed (if I remember aright) not long ago in letters printed in one of the literary periodicals, probably the _Gentleman's Magazine_, but I have not a reference at hand. It may be, that the facts I am about to mention were adverted to in that discussion, and that the words are admitted to be of English origin, and to have been written by Dr. Percy, yet I am induced to send you this communication. In the drawing-room at Ecton House, the mansion of Sam. Isted, Esq., at Ecton, a village about five miles from Northampton, there was, in 1814, a portrait of the wife of Thomas Percy, Bishop of Dromore (father of Mrs. Isted), holding in her hand a scroll, on which is the celebrated song "Oh Nanny!" she being the original, and the lines having been addressed to her before marriage by the bishop. (_Account of a Tour, &c., published in the Scarborough Repository_, by Cole, 1824.) Perhaps some correspondent of yours in that vicinity would kindly say whether the picture remains at Ecton; or, if not, what has become of it? W. S. G. Newcastle-on-Tyne. _Hexameter Poem on English Counties._--Will any of your correspondents be kind enough to furnish me with a copy of a poem in _hexameter_ verse, and in an abbreviated form, enumerating the shires or counties in England? In my early days it was very common in public schools, and I am enabled to give a portion of one verse, viz.------"Dev. Dors. Gl. Oxfo. Buck. Hart. Ess." M. Dublin. _Wild Oats, Origin of the Phrase._--Can any of your correspondents favour me with the origin and definition of the phrase "To sow your wild oats?" It has never been very clear to me why "oats" should be the grain selected as emblematical of the dissipations and excesses of youth. They constitute the food of the inhabitants of the poorest regions only, and where the absence of all aid from climate and sunshine, renders almost unceasing toil necessary, in order to obtain a meagre subsistence. The "oat" appears to me so little the companion of luxury and pleasure, that I am wholly at a loss to account for the origin of this phrase, which is in the mouth of every one. BEAU NASH. Bath. _The Dr. Richard Mortons._--I shall feel greatly indebted to any reader of "N. & Q." who can give me some account of Dr. Richard Morton, a celebrated physician of Greenwich, _temp._ William and Mary, and of his son Dr. Richard Morton, who died in 1730. Were they descended from the Mortons of Severn Stoke, co. Worcester? and what was the precise degree of their relationship with the Mortons of Slaugham, co. Sussex? MARK ANTONY LOWER. _General Lambert_ (Vol. iv., p. 339.).--A correspondent shows the probability or certainty that the hitherto received opinion as to the long confinement and death in Guernsey of this old parliamentary general is not correct. But Mr. Hallam and others who report this, report also that he was tried with Sir Harry Vane; and that his "submissive behaviour" was such a contrast to that of his noble fellow-prisoner that it perhaps influenced his sentence. Where is the proof of his behaviour to be found? Vane's trial has been published separately. It is also in the _State Trials_, with the trials of the regicides; but neither there nor elsewhere can I find the trial of Lambert. G. L. _Cross-legged Effigies and Collars of SS._--As some of your correspondents are sending to "N. & Q." accounts of sepulchral effigies bearing SS. collars, I should be obliged to them if they would mention when such effigies are cross-legged. Does any effigy in this attitude exist _bearing a date_ as late as 1350? W. H. K. _The Crooked Billet._--Can any of your readers inform me whether there be any legend connected with the "Crooked Billet," which is frequently used in this neighbourhood as a sign to a village inn? The sign itself is formed of a crooked piece of wood, or two or three pieces joined, and suspended over the door of the public-house. T. D. Gainsbro'. _Collins the Poet, and his Ode on the Music of the Grecian Theatre._--In Seward's _Anecdotes of distinguished Persons_ there is a letter from Collins to Dr. Hayes, professor of music, Oxford, in which, after alluding to his "Ode on the Passions," he mentions another Ode, which appears to have been actually written. "The subject," he states, "is _the Music of the Grecian Theatre_, in which," he goes on to say, "I have, I hope naturally, introduced the various characters with which the chorus was concerned, as Oedipus, Medea, Electra, Orestes, &c. &c. The composition too is probably more correct, as I have chosen the ancient tragedies for my models, and only copied the most affecting passages in them." The letter is dated "Chichester, November 8, 1750." Collins died in 1756. The Ode is lost; but assuredly every effort should be made to bring it to light. SMINTHEUS. _Bishop Kidder's Autobiography._--In the _Lives of the Bishops of Bath and Wells_, by the Rev. Stephen Hyde Cassan (Rivingtons, 1829), the greater portion of the notice there given of that learned writer and excellent divine, Richard Kidder, bishop of that see from 1691 to 1703, is derived from an autobiographical memoir, of which Mr. Cassan says, "the MS., one of undoubted authority, exists in original at Wells." The reasonable inference from this statement would be, that the MS. is in the Cathedral Library there; but from what I have recently been able to ascertain, through the kindness of a gentleman at Wells, it would appear that Kidder's autobiography is not in the Cathedral Library, nor in the hands of any individual in that place or its neighbourhood: the probability therefore is, that it is in some private collection; and as I believe it contains many particulars connected with the bishop's personal history, which Mr. Cassan has passed over, I shall be glad if any of your readers can inform me where it is to be met with. The bishop's birthplace has been left in some doubt; it has been stated that he was born at Lewes, at Brighthelmstone, and in Suffolk; in the memoir referred to, the question is set at rest, for he says that he was born at East Grinstead, Sussex, in 1633. While upon this subject I would beg information as to the name and family of the bishop's wife, who was killed with him in the great storm of Nov. 1703. I learn from the baptismal registers of their children that her christian name was _Elizabeth_. JAS. CROSBY. Strantham. _Shrine of Edward the Confessor._--Is there any print or drawing, or any written description, which would show the condition of the _shrine of King Edward the Confessor_ previously to the great Rebellion, or in any way throw light upon the various changes, mutilations, and restorations it has undergone, beyond such as is to be derived from the ordinary histories of the abbey? GEO. S. SCOTT. "_Wise above that which is written._"--Can any of your correspondents inform me where the words originally occur, "Wise above that which is written?" I was for a long time under the impression that they were taken from one of St. Paul's Epistles, or at least were to be found somewhere in the Bible; but, after having searched Cruden diligently, though ineffectually, I am pretty sure they are not to be found in Holy Writ. I am convinced that most persons share in the opinion I formerly held, and I have often seen them quoted in sermons just as if they were a passage of Scripture, though, of course, without giving any reference. R. C. C. Oxon. "_Hoffman_," _a Tragedy by Chettle._--Can any correspondent of the "N. & Q." throw any light upon the source of the plot of _Hoffman, a Tragedy_, by Henry Chettle, 4to. 1631? The scene is laid at Dantzig in Prussia; the hero revenges his father's death, which was caused by the Duke of Lüneburg and other princes, by means of a red-hot iron crown placed on his head. He kills the son of the Duke of Lüneburg in the same manner, and assumes his character; is adopted by the Duke of Prussia, and avenges himself by the murder of the duke, and others of his father's judges; is finally discovered, and put to death by means of the iron crown. I have in vain searched the German chronicle of the period: from the geographical localities being well preserved, as well as the German names (a peculiarity in the old drama), the presumption is, that it has been taken from an historical source. Mention is made in Menzel's _History of Germany_, of a Count Jordan who suffered death by means of an iron crown; and in Goldsmith's _Traveller_, the line of-- "Luke's iron crown and Damon's bed of steel," is illustrated by a note in Bohn's edition of that author, of two brothers, George and Luke Leck, who had created a rebellion in Hungary, and of one of them suffering death in this manner; but neither of these two cases apply at all to the subject. H. B. L. _Inverted Commas._--When were inverted commas first introduced to indicate quotations in writing? S. W. RIX. _Quotations Wanted._--If the subjoined Queries could be inserted _early_, it would greatly oblige me. I want them for a work, of which the first proofs are now before me. I should be glad if any of the readers of "N. & Q." could refer me to the precise places from whence the following quotations are made:-- 1. "Qui vult plenè et sapidè Christi verba intelligere, oportet ut totam vitam suam Illi studeat conformare." 2. "Gaudium suum ob renascentes literas non sine metu exprimet, unus scrupulus habet animum meum, ne sub obtentu priscæ literaturæ caput erigere tentet paganismus.... Optarim frigidas istas argutias (humanæ eloquentiæ logicarumque subtilitatum) amputari prorsus, Christumque illum simplicem et purum restitui, penitusque humanis mentibus inseri." _Erasmus._ Query--where? 3. "Cujus vita despicitur, restat ut ejus prædicatio contemnatur." _S. Gregory._ W. D--N. _Deacons, a Phrase used by Foxe._--In the martyrology of John Foxe we read-- "King Edward died, the world being unworthy of him: the Duke of Northumberland came down to Cambridge with an army of men, having commission to proclaim Lady Jane queen.... The duke sent for Doctor Sandys, being vice-chancellor, for Doctor Parker, for Doctor Bill, and Master Leaver to sup with him. Amongst other speeches he said, Masters, pray for us, that we speed well; if not, you shall be made bishops, and we deacons. And even so it came to pass: Doctor Parker and Doctor Sandys were made bishops; and he and Sir John Gates, who were then at the table, were made deacons, ere it was long after, on the Tower-hill." I should be glad to know the allusion here, and how men who were executed could be said to be thereby made deacons. W. D--N. _The Count de Vordac._--When did the Count de Vordac, a general in the army of the Emperor of Germany, die? His memoirs are scarce; the copy which I have is reprinted at Paris in 1709. He was an Italian, bred for the church, which he relinquished for the profession of arms. He was born about 1660; his memoirs break off abruptly in 1695 when in midlife, and he was serving under our William III. He closes his memoirs with an account of his being at the siege of Namur, which he says cost his own party dear, and himself more particularly. It is very probable he fell at this siege if he continued his narrative while in the camp. His memoirs are curious and very entertaining. I find there that he was much esteemed at Vienna, and his conduct in rescuing the wife of one of the German nobility from a horrible imprisonment with the corpse of the man of whom her lord was jealous, is full of interest as well as horror, from the mode in which it was accomplished. He was personally acquainted with William III., who entrusted him with important commands. His narrative makes the reader anxious to know something of his subsequent history, if he were not a victim to the sword before the close of the war of which he spoke. CYRUS REDDING. Minor Queries Answered. _Hoare's Charity._--Inside the cover of a copy of _The Whole Duty of Man_ (8vo., London, 1727, John Baskett) now before me, is pasted a slip of paper, containing a coat of arms, "Sable, a double eagle expanded or (?) in a bordure argent," surrounded by mantling, and surmounted by helmet and crest; below this is the following:-- "The gift of HENRY HOARE, Esq., who died March 12, 1724-5, aged forty-seven, and by his last Will and Testament hath vested the su[=m]e of two thousand pounds in trustees, who are to apply the yearly interest, rents, and profits arising out of the said su[=m]e to the purchasing, dispensing, and giving away, yearly, Bibles, Common Prayer-Books, and such other books as are intirely agreeable to the principles and doctrine of the Church of England, as now by law established, and most conducive to the advancement of Christian faith and piety in the world." I shall be glad to learn whether this charity is still bestowed, and where: any particulars relative to the original donor will be acceptable. Permit me to add the Query,--Is mine the first edition of _The Whole Duty of Man_? if not, when was it first published, and who was the author? W. SPARROW SIMPSON, B.A. [Mr. Henry Hoare was a son of Sir Richard Hoare, Lord Mayor of London, and an intimate friend of that worthy man, Robert Nelson, author of the _Companion for the Festivals and Fasts of the Church of England_; a work which Dr. Johnson recommends as being a most valuable help to devotion, and as having had the greatest sale of any book ever printed in England, except the Bible. Mr. Hoare's name occurs in several parts of Robert Nelson's will, viz. "I give and bequeath to Mr. Henry Hoare, of London, goldsmith, one of my executors, 200_l._, upon trust to distribute 100_l._, part thereof, in such manner as shall be directed by the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge; and the other 100_l._ to be employed by him in promoting parochial libraries.... I give and bequeath to Mrs. Jane Hoare, wife of the said Mr. Henry Hoare, two pair of little silver candlesticks for her closet." It is also worthy a note in our pages that the first legacy received by the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge was that of Robert Nelson's, which is thus entered on the minutes of the Society:--"3d Feb. 1714-15. Mr. Hoare reported, that Mr. Nelson, lately deceased, had ordered him by his will, as one of his executors, to pay 100_l._ to the Society for promoting their designs; and also 50_l._ towards supporting the charity-school at St. George's Chapel." The name of Mr. Henry Hoare occurs among the list of subscribers in the first volume of Jeremy Collier's _Ecclesiastical History_, fol. 1708; and some of his letters to John Strype, the historian, will be found among the Additional MSS. in the British Museum, No. 5853. No biographical notice of Mr. Henry Hoare appears to have been preserved. See Herbert's _History of the Twelve Great Livery Companies_, vol. ii. p. 285., for a notice of his gift to the Goldsmiths' Company. The first edition of _The Whole Duty of Man_ was published in 1657. Like the enigmatical Junius, its authorship still remains a problem; but we believe it is now generally supposed to be written either by Lady Packington or Archbishop Sterne. Our correspondent will find the question discussed in the Rev. W. B. Hawkins's Introduction to Pickering's edition of this work, published in 1842; as well as in the valuable communication of J. E. B. Mayor, Esq., of Marlborough College, in our second volume, p. 292.] _Dr. Sacheverell's "Sermon at Derby."_--Can any of your correspondents furnish me with information as to the various editions which were published of Dr. Henry Sacheverell's _Sermon at Derby_ in 1709? I am anxious to ascertain how many editions were issued, with their dates and other particulars. L. J. [We think our correspondent will not be able to obtain the information he requires, owing to the great demand at the time for the two Sermons for which the Doctor was prosecuted. Mr. Lathbury states (_History of the Nonjurors_, p. 237) that "of the Sermon 'Perils among False Brethren,' no less than forty thousand copies were sold in a few weeks." We have also now before us two copies of the Derby Sermon, both printed in 1709, 8vo., but no intimation on the title-page of their being different editions, which they evidently are, on an examination of their typographical composition. The Bodleian contains a quarto edition of the latter Sermon, 1710.] _Lucas Lossius._--I have an old 12mo. volume with the following title-page: "Annotationes Scholasticæ _in Evangelia Dominicalia et_ ea quæ in Festis IESV CHRISTI, et Sanctorum ejus præcipuis, leguntur in Ecclesia, _per totius Anni circulum_: non inutile futuræ puerilibus Scholis. "_His adjectæ sunt in singula Evangelia Disticha, Argumenta, Doctrinæ Summariæ, Loci et_ _Ob_jectiones præterea, cum brevibus ac veris earum solutionibus Dialecticis, exercendæ adolescentiæ causa. "_Collecta et dictata à Luca Lossio, in Schola Lunæburgensi._ "(*) [right pointing hand symbol] (*) "Adiecimus et iam recens erudita Evangeliorum Dominicalium et Festivalium Disticha, inundæ memoriæ causa, à Vuendelino Helbachio conscripta. "(*) "_Franc. Apud Hæred. Christ. Egen._ M.D.LXXVIII." The words, and parts of words, in Italics are rubricated. As I live at a distance from any large library, and have consulted in vain such biographical works as my own scanty shelves afford, I shall be greatly obliged to any of your correspondents who have access to our public libraries, to inform me who Lucas Lossius was, and where any account of him may be met with? Also, who Wendelinus Helbachius, Stigelius, and Bernardus Bomgardius were, whose "Disticha" are interspersed throughout the volume? In the "Epistola Nuncupatoria" mention is made of "Joannis Stigelij, Poetæ clarissimi, nostra ætate," and of "M. Bernardi Bomgardij, Ludimoderatoris Vlzeniani;" but I cannot find any account of these worthies. I ought to add that each Sunday or Saint's Day is preceded by a curious woodcut representing the subject of which the Gospel treats. R. BN. [Lucas Lossius, of Lunenburg, was a Lutheran divine and schoolmaster, well skilled in music, who published at Nuremberg, in 1553, _Erotemata Musicæ practicæ_, and together with Melancthon, the Lutheran ritual, _Psalmodia, seu Cantica sacra veteris ecclesiæ selecta_. At the period of the Reformation, the Lutherans preserved more of the ancient hymns and music of the church in their services than the Calvinists. Some account of Lossius is given in Hawkins's _History of Music_, vol. iii. p. 102. There is an edition of _Annotationes Scholasticæ_, with the curious woodcuts printed in the year 1560, at Leipsic.] _The "Athenian Oracle."_--Can you inform me who were the authors of the "Athenian Oracle," or, in other words, the members of the "Learned Society" who conducted this work? You may feel some interest in it as a kind of prototype and progenitor of your own "N. & Q." Your work, as I apprehend, does not profess to solve and answer so many nice puzzling points in divinity, philosophy, love, &c., as that of the _Oracle_, which furnishes us with a curious picture of the wants, opinions, and manners of the age in which it appeared; but _yours_, though neither dipping so deeply nor ranging so widely, ought to be highly prized as the exponent of the demands of our times more improved, enlightened, and not less inquisitive, and as affording to some of your correspondents far from the great metropolis of letters, a ready channel for information, much to their instruction and pleasure. Pardoning this digression, the copy of the _Athenian Oracle_ I possess is in 3 vols. 8vo., purporting to be an entire collection of all the valuable questions and answers in the old Athenian Mercuries, &c., by a member of the Athenian Society; London, printed for Andrew Bell at the Cross Keys and Bible in Cornhill, near Stocks Market, the second volume 1703, the first and third 1704. The copy bears an autograph on the fly-leaf; "Ex Libris Thomas Browne, Ex Dono plurim; M'ri Guil Carstairs Acad. Edinburg. primarij professoris Cui omnia (two words obscure) Ed. Nov. 23, 1706." The historical celebrity of Carstairs is a _small feather in the cap_ of the copy, but unimportant to some farther knowledge from you of the book and its authors, the former having often supplied much rational fireside entertainment. N. Glasgow. [_The Athenian Gazette_, afterwards called _The Athenian Mercury_, swelled at last to twenty volumes folio; these becoming scarce, a collection of the most valuable questions and answers was reprinted under the title of _The Athenian Oracle_, in 4 vols. 8vo. The fourth volume contains a Supplement, to which is prefixed "The History of the Athenian Society," and an "Essay upon Learning." It was projected by the celebrated John Dunton, who says, "My first project was the _Athenian Gazette_. As the Athenian Society had their first meeting in my brain, so it has been kept ever since religiously secret: but I will now oblige the reader with a true discovery of the _question-project_, and of the several persons that engaged in it." These were his brother-in-law, the Rev. Samuel Wesley and Mr. Richard Sault, who were occasionally assisted by Dr. Norris. The work was also countenanced by several of the most eminent writers of the age; and was honoured in particular with a commendatory poem by Swift. Some curious notices respecting Dunton and his numerous literary projects will be found in the _Life and Errors of John Dunton_, 2 vols. 8vo., 1818; and in Nichols' _Literary Anecdotes_, vol. v. pp. 59-83.] Replies. FRENCH REVOLUTIONS FORETOLD. (Vol. v., p. 100.) A remarkable instance of foresight relative to the fate of some of the French sovereigns appears in an epistle of Erasmus to King Francis I.: "Prætexunt fidei titulum, sed revera aliud agunt; moliuntur tyrannidem, etiam in capita Principum. Huc tendunt per cuniculos. Nisi Princeps ipsorum voluntati per omnia paruerit, dicetur fautor Hæreticorum; et destitui poterit per Ecclesiam; hoc est, per aliquos conjuratos Pseudomonachos et Pseudotheologos." Richer, Doctor of the Sorbonne, after having alluded to this passage, uses the following very striking language: "Cæterum regno Franciæ his artibus everso, (quod omen Deus avertat,) reliquis Monarchiis Christianis quæ supererunt eadem manet pestis; ut prophetia Apostoli, _de iniquitatis mysterio_, et politicarum Potestatum ruina atque interitu, complementum sortiatur; cujus pestis et ruinæ complementum in dies singulos Bullæ Coenæ Domini et Directorii Inquisitorum arcanis promovetur. _Tumque demum, in fine sæculorum, seditiones, conspirationes, et bella plusquam civilia fervebunt, propter Potestatum sæculi exarmatorum imbecillitatem atque impotentiam; quæ nec sibi ipsis, nec aliis, sufficienter consulere poterunt; quia omnes imperare, et nemo parere volet_: quibus de bellis consule caput 24. Matthæi." _Apologia pro Joanne Gersonio_, pp. 203-4. Lugd. Bat. 1676. R. G. GRIMESDYKE. (Vol. iv. _passim._) NAUTICUS is informed that in Norfolk one of the hundreds, or subdivisions of the county, is called _Grimshoo_ or _Grimshow_, after (as it is supposed) a Danish leader of the name of _Grime_ or _Gryme_. He was undoubtedly either _Præsitus Comitatus_ or _Centuriæ Præpositus_ of that part of the country, and gave his name to the hundred as hundred-greeve, which name it still retains. In about the centre of this hundred is a very curious Danish encampment, in a semicircular form, consisting of about twelve acres. In this space are a great number of large deep pits, joined in a regular manner, one near to another, in form of a quincunx, the largest in the centre, where the general's or commander's tent was placed. These pits are so deep and numerous as to be able to conceal a very great army. At the east end of this entrenchment is a large tumulus, pointing towards Thetford, from which it is about five or six miles distant; and which might possibly have served as a watch tower, or place of signal: and here the hundred court used to be called. This place also is known by the name of _The Holes_, or _Grimes-graves_. This part of the country, being open, was a great seat of war between the Saxons and Danes, as appears from many tumuli throughout this hundred, erected over the graves of leaders who fell in battle; or as tokens of victory, to show how far they had led their armies and conquered.--See _Blomfield_ in loco. J. F. F. West Newton. To the various instances already recorded in "N. & Q.," of ancient earthworks having received the name "Grimesdyke," the following may be added. One on Cranbourne Chase, Dorset; three in Berkshire, viz., one near Silchester, one near Oare, where also are Grimsbury, and Grimsbury Forest; another, intersected by the Thames, near Wallingford; another near Witney, Oxfordshire. The great fossa and vallum of Lollius Urbicus in Scotland, is called Graham's and Grime's Dyke. The frequency of its application to various earthworks in such distant parts of the kingdom may perhaps be considered sufficient evidence that the name is not derived from that of any landed proprietor, as suggested by one of your correspondents. I have no doubt the derivation suggested by your first correspondent, NAUTICUS, is the true one, viz., that it is of Saxon origin, signifying Wizard, or the Evil Spirit, which indicates, not only that these earthworks were in existence in Saxon times, but that their origin was even then so remote and mysterious that they were supposed to be the work of supernatural agency. Grimesdyke, described by NAUTICUS as beginning near Berkhamsted, Herts (not Hants, as misprinted in "N. & Q."), and running across the Chiltern hills, is mentioned, _temp._ Henry III., in a charter of Edmund, Earl of Cornwall, granting Ashridge to the fraternity of the Bonhommes: "Usque ad quoddam fossatum quod dicitur Grymesdich." If this should meet the eyes of my friend NAUTICUS, wherever in the broad seas he may happen to be, he will be glad to hear that this extensive earthwork of antiquity is now undergoing the investigation of an Archæological Society, of which he is an esteemed member. I may further remark that the family name of Grimesdike is doubtless from some ancient place so named, and not these several places from the family. The armorial bearings of the family would at once suggest this conclusion. I have not found the name given to any ancient work in Wales, which of course would not be the case, if it be of Saxon origin. W. H. K. POET REFERRED TO BY BACON. (Vol. iv., p. 257.) The poet referred to by Bacon is not the author of the _Mirror for Magistrates_, but ARIOSTO, whose _Orlando Furioso_ was then popular in the recent translation of Sir John Harrington. The allegory will be found at the close of the thirty-fourth and commencement of the thirty-fifth books: "Further, the Duke did in that place behold, That when the threads were spent that had been spun, Their names in brass, in silver, or in gold, Were wrote, and so into great heaps were done; From which a man that seemed wondrous old, With whole loads of these names away did run, And turn'd again us fast, the way he went, Nor e'er weary was, nor ever spent. "A heap of names within his cloak he bore, And in the river did them all unlade; Or, to say truth, away he cast them all Into the stream which Lethe we do call. "He hurl'd therein full many a precious name, Where millions soon into the bottom sank, Hardly in every thousand one was found, That was not in the gulf quite lost and drown'd. "Yet all about great store of birds there flew As vulture, carrion crows, and chatt'ring pyes, And many more of sundry kind and hue, Making lewd harmony with their loud cries; These when the careless wretch the treasure threw Into that stream, did all they could devise, What with their talons some, and some with beak, To save some names, but find themselves too weak. "Only two swans sustain'd so great a poise, In spite of him that sought them all to drown, These two do still take up the names they list, And bare them safe away, and never misst. "They caught them ere they to the stream arriv'd, Then went they, with the names they had recover'd, Up to a hill, that stood the water nigh, On which a stately church was builded high. "This place is sacred to immortal Fame, And evermore a nymph stood at the gate And took the names ... ... Then all about the church she hang'd the same Before the sacred image, in such rate As they might then well be assur'd for ever, Spite of that wretch, in safety to persever. "But as the swans that there still flying are, With written names, unto that sacred port, So here Historians learn'd, and Poets rare, Preserve then in clear fame and good report." S. W. SINGER. JOHNSON'S HOUSE, BOLT COURT. (Vol. v., p. 176.) A correspondent discussing the question of the site, or of the continued existence, of the house in Bolt Court in which Johnson lived and died, mentions that one person now living called there during the last illness of our sublime moralist. I believe he refers to Mr. Rogers. The fact is that there is also a lady, an inhabitant of Piccadilly, Viscountess Keith, who not only grew from childhood to the age of twenty in the constant association of the Doctor, but who is also mentioned by Madame D'Arblay as having been a visitor at Bolt Court in 1784. Whether the noble lady referred to, at the extraordinary age she has reached (she was the eldest Miss Thrale), could solve from memory your friend's doubts as to this classical locality, I know not. M. A. I am in a position to assure MR. EDWIN LECHLADE that Dr. Johnson's house was burnt down in 1819, the premises having been long previously occupied by the most eminent English printer of his own or any other time, Mr. Thomas Bensley, to whose energy the world is indebted for the perfection of the printing machine. The house of Johnson's friend, Mr. Allen the printer, was not destroyed by the disastrous fire which reduced to ashes the Doctor's residence; indeed only one corner of it was injured; and, with that exception, it stands as it was built shortly after the Great Fire of London. Mr. Allen's house stands at the head of Bolt Court; Dr. Johnson's stood to its left. On the site of the latter was erected, after the before-mentioned fire, a spacious printing-office, and both are now in the occupation of Mr. Tyler. The _Gentleman's Magazine_ (1819, part i., p. 575.), in giving an account of this fire, says in a note: "It may be interesting to some of our readers to know that the house in Bolt Court, formerly the residence of Dr. Johnson, formed part of Mr. Bensley's office, and is now entirely destroyed. A view of it is preserved in the _European Magazine_ for 1810." The _European Magazine_ (1810, vol. lvii. pp. 353-4.) contains, besides the view above-mentioned, an article to which your correspondent may be referred, in confirmation of the fact that the house occupied by Dr. Johnson was the one I have referred to, and was not exactly opposite the "Dr. Johnson tavern." The view, I am told by one who well recollects the old house, and is a great lover of Johnsoniana, is a correct representation of it. Timperley's _Dictionary of Printers and Printing_, also, in relating the occurrence of the fire of Messrs. Bensley's premises, states that a part of it was formerly the residence of Dr. Johnson. TEE BEE. In answer to the Query of EDWIN LECHLADE, being in a position to give you unquestionable information, I will, to quote your correspondent's words, let the question be set at rest. Of the house in which Dr. Johnson lived and died, not one brick is left upon another. It was destroyed totally by fire in 1819; and the partywall between that and Mr. Allen's house alone remains, being the west wall of that large residence. When up Bolt Court, you turn to the left through an iron gate leading to a flight of stone steps to the printing-office now occupied by Mr. Tyler, and _where those stone steps are_, stood the doctor's residence. I know of no relic that was saved except the _scraper_, which was distorted into a curious shape by the action of the fire, and being firmly fixed in a heavy stone, it lay about the yard for years. The late well-known printer Mr. Bensley succeeded Mr. Allen there in business in 1783, going at once to reside in his house _next door_ to Dr. Johnson, whom, of course, as a close neighbour, he often saw, and whose funeral he witnessed. After the Doctor's death the Rev.--Stockdale, of the Church of England, occupied the house; next to him it was tenanted by a Rev.--Moir, (I believe) a Presbyterian; next, by one Copley, an old tailor, whom I have teased many times when a boy; for some of us youngsters having overheard him once in a soliloquy groaning, "Dear me--and the buttons all wrong!" on passing him it became a _mot_ among us expressed sufficiently loud to reach his ears, when he would look unutterable things. He was a worthy but somewhat cross old man, in very respectable circumstances. His was the last family which ever occupied the premises as a dwelling-house; I knew him there for about twenty years. During his abode the freehold was put up for sale by auction, as well as of Allen's house; Mr. Bensley purchased both. This was somewhere about 1804-1807. But as Copley had a lease, he did not vacate till about 1814, when Mr. Bensley appropriated the two houses to his printing purposes (and there, it may not be unworthy of notice, was steam-printing first practised),--so occupied the said premises were, till destroyed by fire in 1819. Mr. Bensley's eldest surviving son succeeded him in 1820, but did not, in re-constructing the premises, build on the site of Dr. Johnson's house, though _a part_ thereof has since been covered. The map--a very fragile, worm-eaten affair--shows the exact dimensions of the house, the place where the walls stood, &c. The property remains in Mr. Bensley's family. I have often heard Mr. Bensley describe the Doctor and his funeral. The print in the _European Magazine_ is an accurate representation of the appearance of this ancient and gloomy house in the dark corner; but it had many comforts, and "a large garden," in which I have been; it is now all built upon, and has been covered for nearly half a century. Some yet living may have visited Dr. Johnson there: I have often conversed with others who are dead that did--the late Mr. Bowyer Nichols, Mr. Cradock (of Leicestershire), Mr. A. Strahan, and others mentioned in the Doctor's works, when gratifying their curiosity by showing them over the house; and it has fallen to my lot to do so to many literary characters. Indeed as to the place where Dr. Johnson lived and died, there is no more room for doubt than as to where old London bridge stood. I have many times been with the late Mr. James Boswell (son of Dr. Johnson's biographer) in the rather dismal parlour--which spot, it is not to be wondered at, had a peculiar attraction for _him_. There is _no_ kind of foundation for assigning Dr. Johnson's residence to that where Cobbett lived or wrote--it was a mere joke. As to the "Johnson's Head" tavern, it was an upholsterer's manufactory at the time of Dr. Johnson's death. I myself knew an old man of the name of _Hale_ residing in it, and carrying on that occupation so early as 1800, who had doubtless been there before Dr. Johnson's death; his son followed him, and continued till about 1826-1830 in those premises. By the same token (as Paddy says), while now addressing "N. & Q." (though nearly 300 miles from the spot) I am writing at a table Hale sen. made for me in that house in 1818. The greater part of Mr. Bensley's extensive premises was _twice_ burned down; but on neither occasion was Allen's house destroyed. It yet stands, though so altered and improved as not to resemble the original edifice. Mr. Tyler's counting-house, by the iron gate at the S. W. corner, however, is left just as used by Allen (except a passage cut off at the end), the panelling, &c., just the same, being the _only_ part remaining unaltered: there was then, of course, no door out to the stone steps, as there stood Dr. Johnson's parlour. In this counting-house, no doubt, Dr. Johnson often was; and in the adjoining parlour he often fed. It was a very old-fashioned room, as I well remember it upwards of half a century ago. His better parlour, or drawing-room, was large and handsomely furnished for the period, with three windows, and two ancient pier-glasses fixed to tables, gilt and adorned according to the taste of the times. Mr. Bensley bought these and a few other household matters, which remained _in statu quo_ till 1805-1808. I have seen some prints of the inside of Dr. Johnson's house, which do not give a very accurate idea of the appearance of the rooms, &c.; but, I repeat it, the view of the front in the _European Magazine_ is excellent. The celebrity of Dr. Johnson may induce you to insert this, which, without that influence, I am aware would be too tedious. B. B. COOPER'S MINIATURE OF CROMWELL. (Vol. iv., p. 368.; Vol. v., p. 189. &c.) It is only within a few months that the existence of the "N. & Q." became known to me. It seemed likely to be such an useful and amusing publication, from the description I received of it from a literary friend (now appointed vice-consul to the Isle of Mytilene), that I lost no time in becoming a subscriber; and I am rejoiced to add, that my expectations have not been disappointed, though I have not had time to read the Notes or attend to the Queries as fully as I could have wished till very lately. However, I have now observed amongst the Replies, Vol. v., p. 189., a Note relating to the miniature of Cromwell by Cooper, with several references to other Notes and Queries upon the same subject, originating with a Query from LORD BRAYBROOKE in Vol. iv., p. 368. If the following appears to you worthy of insertion, pray use it. I have a beautiful miniature of Oliver Cromwell, painted with very great care, and which has every appearance of being an original by Cooper. I remember it all my life in my father's (Lord Holland's) room at Holland House; and on his death in 1840, it was left by him to his friend and mine, John Allen, late master of Dulwich College, who died in 1843, and left it with his books to me. Cromwell is painted in armour, with a remarkably clean, plain, turned-down shirt collar; his usual countenance, somewhat stern, but full of the expression of good sense and intelligence; reddish hair, and a small portion of it under the lower lip. On the back is written in my father's handwriting: "This miniature was given to me when at school by Lady Diana Beauclerk, who assured me that it was an original by Cooper, and that it had been long in the possession of the Beauclerk family, who had it from Charles II. (Signed) VASSALL HOLLAND." Lady D. Beauclerk, herself distinguished as an artist, was the daughter of the Duke of St. Albans, a lineal descendant of Charles II. There is an engraving from a miniature of Cromwell in Carlyle's life of him, said to be in the possession of Archdeacon Berners, which I believe to be also by Cooper. It is larger than mine, and even better painted. I have seen it, but cannot recollect where or when. C. FOX, MAJOR-GENERAL. Addison Road. P.S.--I have left my miniature with my friend Mr. Domenic Colnaghi at Pall Mall East, for the inspection of any of your correspondents. It will be there till the _31st March_. THE QUEEN OF THE ISLE OF MAN. (Vol. v., p. 132.) In an interesting communication from MR. WM. SIDNEY GIBSON in a late Number of your publication there occurs the following statement, to which I beg to add a few remarks. He says: "After the death of Magnus, the island was seized by Alexander III. of Scotland. A daughter and heiress of Reginald sued for it against John Baliol, before Edward I. of England, as lord paramount of Man. "_Rot. Parl._, 31 Edw. I." And farther on he states: "From sundry records it appears that Edward II. and Edward III. committed its custody to various persons, and the latter at length conferred his right to it upon William Montacute, Earl of Salisbury, in consideration, probably, of that valiant earl having by his arms regained the island from the Scots, who had resumed possession, and of the circumstance that his grandmother, the wife of Simon de Montacute, was sister and heiress of one of the former kings of Man, and related to the lady who had claimed it as her inheritance on the death of Magnus." Now, I think MR. GIBSON, on reflection, will agree with me in concluding that the wife of Simon de Montacute, and the lady who claimed the island on the death of Magnus, were one and the same person. There is no document, I believe, of the kind he refers to, of the "31st" of Edw. I.; but in the "21st" of Edw. I., which date is probably intended, there is amongst the Scotch Rolls (anno 21 Edw. I. m. 4.) a citation from Edward I., as supreme lord of Scotland, directed to John Baliol, King of Scots, to answer the complaint of _Aufrica_, cousin and heiress of Magnus, late King of Man, &c. This is in the year 1292-3; and a few years later we again meet with _Aufrica_, for amongst the ancient charters in the British Museum is one marked "V. 73." It is a deed by which "_Aufrica_, heiress of the land of Man," gives up her right therein "to her noble and potent husband, Simon de Montagu." This deed is dated at Bridgewater, on Thursday the Vigil of the Annunciation, 1305; _i.e._ March 24, 1306. In this charter (V. 73.) she calls herself _Aufrica de Connought_: and this is rather curious, for in a volume of pedigrees in the British Museum, in the handwriting of Robert Glover, Somerset Herald (Bib. Harl. 807.), she is said to be the daughter of Fergus, Lord of Galloway (Galway?), and Queen of Man. _Galway_ it is in another MS. in the same collection (MSS. Harl. 1074. folio 22.), where she is styled "Aufrica, Reyne de Man," and daughter of Fergus, Lord of Galway. In both these MSS. she is said to be the wife of Simon de Montagu, who is styled "Roy de Man par sa femme." F. C. M. Replies to Minor Queries. _Old Scots March_ (Vol. v., p. 104.).--The following quotation from a "Dissertation on Scottish Music," by Mr. Tytler, of Woodhouselee (the grandfather of the historian), contained in the _Transactions of the Society of Scottish Antiquaries_, vol. i. p. 486., although not an answer to his Query, may perhaps prove interesting to J.M.:-- "To the wandering harpers we are certainly indebted for that species of music which is now scarcely known, I mean _the Port_. Almost every great family had a _Port_ that went by the name of the family. Of the few that are still preserved are, _Port Lennox_, _Port Gordon_, _Port Seton_, and _Port Athole_, which are all of them excellent in their kind. The _Port_ is not of the martial strain of the _march_, as some have conjectured; those above named being all in the plaintive strain, and modulated for the harp. "The _pibroch_, the march or battle-tune of the _Highland clans_, with the different strains introduced of the _coronich_, &c., is fitted for the _bagpipe_ only: its measure, in the _pas grave_ of the _Highland piper_, equipped with his flag and military ensigns, when marching up to battle, is stately and animating, rising often to a degree of fury." Although anxious to do so, I have never yet been able to meet with any of the _ports_ here referred to. E. N. _Elizabeth, Equestrian Figure of_ (Vol. iv., p. 231.).--The "unnatural gait" which MR. LAWRENCE inquires about, is known in Spain as the "paso Castiliano;" and supplies the place of the more familiar trot, which the Spanish horses are rarely broken into. I did not see the piece of plate alluded to, but probably the horse was a Spanish (Andalusian) jennet, which would account for the peculiarity of the pace. I cannot explain how this step is taught, but Spanish horses fall into it at once on being touched with the spur, and simultaneously curbed; and they perform long journeys thus, at the rate of five miles an hour, with little fatigue to themselves or their riders. Does not the dromedary also _pace_ in the same way? G. W. T. _Meaning of Stickle_ (Vol. iv., p. 209.).--MR. RELTON'S supposition that the word _stickle_ is used for a _pool_, is at variance with the common usage of the word in Devonshire, where only I have met with it. It is there used to describe the shallow swift running water immediately below a pool. It is thus equivalent to the word _rapids_. It is by no means obsolete, or a mere technical term of the "patient anglers." The opposition in the line quoted, "Near to some _stickle_ or _deep_ bay," would alone have been a good reason to doubt whether it could be the same as _pool_. G. W. T. _Latin Names of Towns_ (Vol. i., pp. 287. 402. 474.).--There is a class of persons who ought to be contributors to (*?) (I like the idea of a recent correspondent better than "N. & Q." with its marks of quotation) to a much larger extent than is the case. I mean those who having asked questions, and profited by the answer, find additional answer, or better answer, by their subsequent researches. As one of these, in reference to my Query about Latin names of towns in Vol. i., I mention the list given in Riccioli's _Geographia et Hydrographiæ Reformatæ_, of which the first edition was licensed in 1658 (I don't know where it was printed), and the record is of Venice, folio, 1672. This work contains, from more than 250 authors whose names are given, more than 8500 Latin names rendered into vernacular, and a much larger number reversely given. M. _Llandudno, on the Great Orme's Head_ (Vol. v., p. 175.).--L. G. T. will find, in _Wanderings in North Wales_, by William Cathrall, published by W.S. Orr and Co., the following answer to his Query:-- "There are several copper mines conducted here with great success. In October, 1849, the miners in the course of their labours, broke into an immense cavern, the roof of which, being one mass of stalactite, reflected back their lights with dazzling splendour. On examination the work turned out to be an ancient work, probably Roman, the benches, stone hammers, &c. used by that ancient people, having been found entire, together with many bones of mutton. The bones were to all appearance as fresh, though impregnated with copper, as they were when denuded of their fleshy covering, after remaining, as they must have done, nearly 2000 years in the bowels of the earth. The cavern is about forty yards long." The date of the cavern is, therefore, long anterior to the Catholic times. WM. DURRANT COOPER. _Brozier_ (Vol. ii., p. 44.).--An Essex clergyman, who agrees with MR. GATTY in deriving the word from the Greek verb Βρωσκω, to devour, or eat like a beast, observes, that we still describe that act when we speak of "the _browsing_ cattle." He also mentions that when he was at Westminster, the word was there used in the same sense as at Eton, and he well recollects one of his schoolfellows _broziered_ to such an extent that his life was despaired of. BRAYBROOKE. _Passage in Troilus and Cressida_ (Vol. v., p. 178.).--In reply to your correspondent W. S. D. I have only to say, that my folio of 1632, with early manuscript emendations, does not contain any alteration of the line in _Troilus and Cressida_, Act I. Sc. 3.: "Peaceful commerce from dividable shores;" which seems to me quite intelligible without any change. In the next line it reads "primogeniture" for "primogeni_tive_", and as I apprehend rightly, the concluding syllable _tive_ having been caught by the compositor from "prerogative," the first word in the line immediately below it. I may take this opportunity of saying that no play in my volume is more patiently corrected than _Troilus and Cressida_; and that in a preceding speech by Nestor it confirms a correction by Theobald in the first line--god_like_ for "godly;" and by Sir Thomas Hanmer in the last line--_replies_ for "retires." Malone printed _returns_ after Pope, which answers the sense very well, but is hardly so probable a misprint. I am sorry to say that I thought otherwise when I published my Shakspeare; and I never can sufficiently regret that this corrected copy of the second folio did not fall into my hands until some years after I had completed that undertaking. J. PAYNE COLLIER. _Nelson Family_ (Vol. v., p. 176.).--If FRANCISCUS will refer to the pedigree of the Nelson family, in Hoare's _History of Modern Wiltshire_ (Downton Hundred), he will find that _William Nelson_, who settled at Dunham parva in Norfolk, and who was the great-grandfather of the naval hero, was the son of _Edmund_ Nelson of Scarning, in the same county, and grandson of _Thomas_ of the same place, which Thomas, according to the same pedigree, was the son of another William, who is stated to have been a Nelson of Mandesley, the same family from which the Chuddleworth Nelsons are derived in Burke's account. I have tested the general accuracy of this pedigree, which was, I believe, compiled by Mr. Matcham from the parochial registers, but I much doubt the assumed descent from the Mandesley family, as I find Nelsons inhabiting the neighbourhood of Scarning at a period prior to the supposed migration. G. A. C. _Maps of Africa_ (Vol. v., p. 174.).--I have been intending for some time to write to you on the same subject as _Paterfamiliæ_, but the Christian grace of laziness has been too strong for me. _Paterfamiliæ_, however, has aroused me. My case is this: five years ago I commenced a map, for my own use, of the shores of the Mediterranean, and such countries as received Christianity up to the period of the Council of Nice; and I had a hope of eventually being able to carry out the plan suggested by DR. MAITLAND, in his work on the Dark Ages, and an intention of making mysterious marks to indicate the scene of any great persecution, remarkable synod, or other notable event. Well! I got on very well, by the help of Kiepert and Cramer, through Greece, Asia Minor, and Italy. Indeed, I managed to be content with all my sources, as far as Europe was concerned; but when I had advanced as far as North Africa, I came to a dead stop. There really was absolutely no map that I could find that I could trust for the site of Carthage or Alexandria. There were no "N. & Q." when I found myself at a stand-still; but I asked all the friends about me, and I verily believe that to the majority of those I spoke to it appeared an unreasonable thing for any man to expect a map of the regions I wanted described. There seemed a kind of feeling that when a man had got a map of Caffraria and Egypt, and perhaps knew where Algiers _might_ be, he knew quite as much about Africa as he ought. Can any of your correspondents now help me? Is there no authentic _French_ map of at least some portion of the coast; or is there any map in existence among ourselves that is not palpably a "fancy portrait?" AJAX. _Muggleton_ (Vol. v., p. 80.).--The Muggletonian sect probably still exists. I was surprised at finding a shop for the sale of its publications immediately within St. John's Gate, Clerkenwell, about five years ago. Perhaps R.S. may think it worth while to look whether the same trade be still carried on there. J. C. R. _Passage in Hamlet_ (Vol. v., p. 169.).--I have just read A. E. B.'s Notes on Shakspeare, No. II. His long criticism, ending in his own suggestion of a new reading of the passage in _Hamlet_, does not convince me that he has found the true reading yet. I suggest the following: "The dram of base Doth all the noble substance often _dull_, To his own scandal." This reading of mine only makes it necessary to substitute the letters _n_ and _ll_, for _a_ and _o_, in the quarto of 1605. _Dull_ is a favourite word of Shakspeare's; and surely it makes at least as good sense as any of the other readings. It is questionable whether the lines are Shakspeare's; for the whole passage, from "This heavy-headed revel," to "To his own scandal," is omitted in the first and second folios, and also in the first known quarto of "1603." To prove how easy it is for printers, or copiers from original manuscripts of authors, to make mistakes, I will call your attention to a serious blunder in the _first edition_ of Ben Jonson's verses addressed to the Earl of Somerset, which are in the _Athenæum_ of Feb. 21st. The twenty-first and twenty-second lines are thus printed: "So in theyr number may you neuer see Mortality, till you a _mortall_ be." Ben wrote "_immortall_." H. F. _Theoloneum_ (Vol. v., p. 105.).--Theoloneum is a toll, _i.e._ the payment made in markets and fairs for goods bought and sold. It was the property of the lord to whom the fair or market belonged by patent from the crown. Henry III., by letters patent, dated at Windsor 15th May, in the thirty-first year of his reign, grants to the abbot, &c. of Fecamp, the manors at Cheltenham and Slaughter, &c. &c. &c. in exchange for the villes of Winchelsea and Rye, which had been granted to the said abbot, &c. by Edward the Confessor; to hold them-- "adeo libera et quieta sicut antea tenuerunt Winchelsee et la Rye ratione donationis eis facte a felicis memorie sancto Adwardo, et concessionum ac confirmationum postmodum abitarum a Willelmo et Henrico Regibus Anglie de terra de Staniges cum omnibus apendiciis suis. Inter que reputabantur Winchelsee et la Rye. In cujus regis Willelmi carta continebantur hujusmodi libertates; videlicet, quod predicti abbas et monachi Phiscanenses habeant terram de Staniges, cum omnibus omnino apendiciis suis et cum omnibus legibus, libertatibus, liberis consuetudinibus quietanciis placitis, querelis, et causis que sunt vel fore possunt, absque ulla inquietudine et diminutione cujuslibet secularis vel judiciaria potestatis sicut res ad Phiscum dominicum pertinentes et quod predicta terra cum omnibus apendiciis suis libera sit et quieta ab omni consuetudine terrene servitutis et ab omni dominacione et subjeccione Baronum et principum et omnium aliorum. Et quod prefati abbas et Monachi Phiscanenses et eorum ministri habeant omnem regiam libertatem et consuetudinem et omnem justiciam suam de omnibus rebus et negociis que in terra sua evenient vel poterunt evenire, nec aliquis nisi per eos se inde intromittat. Quia hoc totum regale beneficium est et ab omni servitute quietum. Et quod si aliquis quicquam contra hujusmodi concessionem presumat, ad phiscum dominicum coactus auri libras centum persolvat." I have ventured to subjoin this recital from the charter of William, thinking that it may be acceptable to your querist, as fully explanatory of the transaction to which his question refers. LAMBERT A. LARKING. _Donkey_ (Vol. v., pp. 78. 165.).--In Chaucer's _Canterbury Tales_, v. 16954., we have-- "Ther gan our hoste to jape and to play, And sayde: sires what? _Dun_ is in the mire." There is also an old proverbial simile: "As dull as _Dun_ in the mire." It is supposed that _Dun_ was a nickname applied to the ass from his colour, in the same way as _Burnell_, in the _Chester Whitsun Playes_, MS. Harl. 2013., and _Russell_ applied to the fox, _Canterbury Tales_, v. 15340. As to the termination _key_, it is probably (as in _monkey_, _jockey_, which are the only words of similar formation which I can call to mind at present) the same as _kin_, which has the force of a diminutive in words like _lambkin_, _mannikin_, &c. JUVENIS. _Sir Samuel Garth_ (Vol. v., p. 151.).--I believe it will be found difficult to find the place of this celebrated physician's birth. In the fourth volume of Mr. Surtees' _History of the County of Durham_, pp. 26, 27., there is an interesting account of him, to which is added a pedigree of his family. Surtees, in a note, says: "There is no trace of his having ever revisited the north, and I have in vain endeavoured to glean anything of correspondence, or of traditional anecdote." FRA. MEWBURN. Darlington. _Princes of Wales and Earls of Chester, &c.: Mr. Bush's Collection_ (Vol. v., p. 178.).--I suspect Mr. Bush's proposed collection was never published. In an old MS. account of the Fellows of King's, I find the following extract. I copy it as it stands: "1718. "Cha. Bush, of Harmondsworth, Middx. Res on being denied his Degree of A. B. in College from Party.... A Clk. of the Record Off. in the Tower, 1725. April 27, 1726, he published _proposals for printing by Subsr_. A lott of Charters and Letters Patent, and other Instruments concerning the Creation and Investiture of the eldest sons of the K's of Engl. as Princes of Wales, D. of Cornwall & E. of Chester & Flint, together with several Extracts out of the Parl. Rolls relating to the Honor, Dignity, & Estate of the P. of Wales, from the time of Edward first, P. of Wales (afterwards K. E. 2) to the time of E. 4. inclusive, faithfully collated from the Records of the Tower by C. B. one of the Clks. of the Record Off. in the T. & late Fell. of K. C. C. "He was taken into the Ordnance Office to assist in methodising the Papers belonging to it, and was after Sec. to the Board of Ordnance." It would seem Mr. Bush's proposals did not meet with a favourable reception, or perhaps his removal to an important government office prevented his fulfilling his intentions. It is to be hoped he returned his subscriptions (if any). J. H. L. _Litera scripta manet_ (Vol. v., p. 200.).--The following extract, if not complete answer to the query on _Litera scripta manet_, is a curious instance of the early use of that maxim, and I transcribe it with pleasure as a specimen of one of the best informed and most interesting of our medieval prose writers. I rely, as to orthography and punctuation, on Joseph Ames: "Considering that wordes ben perisshyng, wayne, and forgateful, and wrytynes duelle and abide permanent, as I rede, _Vox audita perit, litera scripta manet_. Thise thinges have caused that the faites and deeds of auncient men ben sette by declaracion in fair and aourned volumes, to thende that science and artes, lerned and founden, of thinges passed might be had in perpetuel memorye and remembraunce," &c. "William Caxton. "Westmestre by London, 1481. BOLTON CORNEY. Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC. _The Athenæum_ of Saturday the 21st February announces that Sir F. Madden has secured for the British Museum the celebrated "Bedford Missal," and several other beautiful MSS., by the wise expenditure of three thousand pounds. The other MSS., not described by _The Athenæum_, are, we believe, the _Breviary of Isabella of Spain_, presented to her by Francisco de Rojas in 1497, on the occasion of the double marriage of her children, Don Juan and Doña Juana, to Margaret of Austria and Philip the Fair, which sold at Mr. Hurd's sale in 1832 for 520_l._; the _Hours of Juana of Castile_, wife of Philip the Fair, formerly in Hanrott's library; the _Hours of Francis I._, which sold in Sir Mark Masterman Sykes's sale, 1824, for 163_l._ 16_s._; the _Hours of François d'Inteville_, Bishop of Auxerre, executed in 1525, formerly in Beckford's collection; another volume of _Hours_ of the sixteenth century, and a fine copy, in two large vols. folio, of the French translation of Petrus Comestor's _Historia Scholastica_, by Guiart des Molins, completed in 1294. While we agree with our contemporary in our approval of this purchase, we cannot help adding to that approval a hope that neither the trustees nor the treasury will make this expenditure an excuse for not enabling the keeper of the MSS. to make extensive purchases at the sales of valuable historical collections which are expected to take place in the course of the present year. At a general meeting of the Percy Society held last Thursday week, the dissolution of the Society was determined on; and the meeting came to the very proper resolution of not selling the stock of books in hand, which would have had the effect of depreciating the market-value of the Society's publications, but of distributing them among the existing members. It is proposed, we believe, to form a new Society on a somewhat similar plan; but which is to have for its object the reprinting, without abridgment or omission, of such rare but well chosen tracts by Greene, Nash Breton, Taylor the Water Poet, &c. as afford valuable illustration of manners, or are interesting in any other point of view. We have received from Messrs. Rivington a new volume containing _Eight Essays on Various Subjects_, by the Rev. S. R. Maitland, D.D. The pages of "N. & Q." have been so frequently enriched by contributions from the able pen of the writer of these Essays, and he has in the work in question spoken so kindly of this journal, that we feel it will be more respectful to one who does not need our praise--which might under these circumstances be attributed to interested motives--if we limit our notice of the subject of the volume to an enumeration of the titles of the essays. They are as follows:--I. _On the Mystical Interpretation of Scripture_; II. _Sacred Art_--No. 1. _Music_; III. _Sacred Art_--No. 2. _Painting_; IV. _Matter of Fact_; V. _The Fulness of the Gentiles_; VI. _The Waldenses and Albigenses_; VII. _Perrin's History of the Vaudois_; VIII. _The Lollards_. When we add that to these are appended the following notes:--A. _Cowper's Nightcap_; B. _Vauxhall_; C. _The School of Declamation_; D. _On Political Prophecies_; E. _The "Mirabilis Liber" and "Petrus de Bardis"_; F. _Extracts from Lollard Prophecies_: we think we have shown all who know the learning, honesty of purpose, strong common sense, and racy humour of the Essayist, that the book is one to be looked after, and to be looked at. BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE. BELL'S FUGITIVE POETRY COLLECTION. Vols. X. and XVI. 12mo. 1790. THE CRITIC, London Literary Journal. First 6 Nos. for 1851. VOLTAIRE, OEUVRES COMPLETES DE. Aux Deux-Ponts. Chez Sanson et Compagnie. Vols. I. & II. 1791-2. 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[Transcriber's Note: List of volumes and content pages in "Notes and Queries", Vol. I.-V.] +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Notes and Queries Vol. I. | +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Vol. I No. 1 | November 3, 1849 | 1 - 17 | PG # 8603 | | Vol. I No. 2 | November 10, 1849 | 18 - 32 | PG # 11265 | | Vol. I No. 3 | November 17, 1849 | 33 - 46 | PG # 11577 | | Vol. I No. 4 | November 24, 1849 | 49 - 63 | PG # 13513 | +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Vol. I No. 5 | December 1, 1849 | 65 - 80 | PG # 11636 | | Vol. I No. 6 | December 8, 1849 | 81 - 95 | PG # 13550 | | Vol. I No. 7 | December 15, 1849 | 97 - 112 | PG # 11651 | | Vol. I No. 8 | December 22, 1849 | 113 - 128 | PG # 11652 | | Vol. I No. 9 | December 29, 1849 | 130 - 144 | PG # 13521 | +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Vol. I No. 10 | January 5, 1850 | 145 - 160 | PG # | | Vol. I No. 11 | January 12, 1850 | 161 - 176 | PG # 11653 | | Vol. I No. 12 | January 19, 1850 | 177 - 192 | PG # 11575 | | Vol. I No. 13 | January 26, 1850 | 193 - 208 | PG # 11707 | +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Vol. I No. 14 | February 2, 1850 | 209 - 224 | PG # 13558 | | Vol. I No. 15 | February 9, 1850 | 225 - 238 | PG # 11929 | | Vol. I No. 16 | February 16, 1850 | 241 - 256 | PG # 16193 | | Vol. I No. 17 | February 23, 1850 | 257 - 271 | PG # 12018 | +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Vol. I No. 18 | March 2, 1850 | 273 - 288 | PG # 13544 | | Vol. I No. 19 | March 9, 1850 | 289 - 309 | PG # 13638 | | Vol. I No. 20 | March 16, 1850 | 313 - 328 | PG # 16409 | | Vol. I No. 21 | March 23, 1850 | 329 - 343 | PG # 11958 | | Vol. I No. 22 | March 30, 1850 | 345 - 359 | PG # 12198 | +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Vol. I No. 23 | April 6, 1850 | 361 - 376 | PG # 12505 | | Vol. I No. 24 | April 13, 1850 | 377 - 392 | PG # 13925 | | Vol. I No. 25 | April 20, 1850 | 393 - 408 | PG # 13747 | | Vol. I No. 26 | April 27, 1850 | 409 - 423 | PG # 13822 | +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Vol. I No. 27 | May 4, 1850 | 425 - 447 | PG # 13712 | | Vol. I No. 28 | May 11, 1850 | 449 - 463 | PG # 13684 | | Vol. I No. 29 | May 18, 1850 | 465 - 479 | PG # 15197 | | Vol. I No. 30 | May 25, 1850 | 481 - 495 | PG # 13713 | +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Notes and Queries Vol. II. | +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ | Vol. II No. 31 | June 1, 1850 | 1- 15 | PG # 12589 | | Vol. II No. 32 | June 8, 1850 | 17- 32 | PG # 15996 | | Vol. II No. 33 | June 15, 1850 | 33- 48 | PG # 26121 | | Vol. II No. 34 | June 22, 1850 | 49- 64 | PG # 22127 | | Vol. II No. 35 | June 29, 1850 | 65- 79 | PG # 22126 | +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ | Vol. II No. 36 | July 6, 1850 | 81- 96 | PG # 13361 | | Vol. II No. 37 | July 13, 1850 | 97-112 | PG # 13729 | | Vol. II No. 38 | July 20, 1850 | 113-128 | PG # 13362 | | Vol. II No. 39 | July 27, 1850 | 129-143 | PG # 13736 | +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ | Vol. II No. 40 | August 3, 1850 | 145-159 | PG # 13389 | | Vol. II No. 41 | August 10, 1850 | 161-176 | PG # 13393 | | Vol. II No. 42 | August 17, 1850 | 177-191 | PG # 13411 | | Vol. II No. 43 | August 24, 1850 | 193-207 | PG # 13406 | | Vol. II No. 44 | August 31, 1850 | 209-223 | PG # 13426 | +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ | Vol. II No. 45 | September 7, 1850 | 225-240 | PG # 13427 | | Vol. II No. 46 | September 14, 1850 | 241-256 | PG # 13462 | | Vol. II No. 47 | September 21, 1850 | 257-272 | PG # 13936 | | Vol. II No. 48 | September 28, 1850 | 273-288 | PG # 13463 | +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ | Vol. II No. 49 | October 5, 1850 | 289-304 | PG # 13480 | | Vol. II No. 50 | October 12, 1850 | 305-320 | PG # 13551 | | Vol. II No. 51 | October 19, 1850 | 321-351 | PG # 15232 | | Vol. II No. 52 | October 26, 1850 | 353-367 | PG # 22624 | +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ | Vol. II No. 53 | November 2, 1850 | 369-383 | PG # 13540 | | Vol. II No. 54 | November 9, 1850 | 385-399 | PG # 22138 | | Vol. II No. 55 | November 16, 1850 | 401-415 | PG # 15216 | | Vol. II No. 56 | November 23, 1850 | 417-431 | PG # 15354 | | Vol. II No. 57 | November 30, 1850 | 433-454 | PG # 15405 | +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ | Vol. II No. 58 | December 7, 1850 | 457-470 | PG # 21503 | | Vol. II No. 59 | December 14, 1850 | 473-486 | PG # 15427 | | Vol. II No. 60 | December 21, 1850 | 489-502 | PG # 24803 | | Vol. II No. 61 | December 28, 1850 | 505-524 | PG # 16404 | +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ | Notes and Queries Vol. III. | +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ | Vol. III No. 62 | January 4, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 15638 | | Vol. III No. 63 | January 11, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 15639 | | Vol. III No. 64 | January 18, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 15640 | | Vol. III No. 65 | January 25, 1851 | 49- 78 | PG # 15641 | +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ | Vol. III No. 66 | February 1, 1851 | 81- 95 | PG # 22339 | | Vol. III No. 67 | February 8, 1851 | 97-111 | PG # 22625 | | Vol. III No. 68 | February 15, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 22639 | | Vol. III No. 69 | February 22, 1851 | 129-159 | PG # 23027 | +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ | Vol. III No. 70 | March 1, 1851 | 161-174 | PG # 23204 | | Vol. III No. 71 | March 8, 1851 | 177-200 | PG # 23205 | | Vol. III No. 72 | March 15, 1851 | 201-215 | PG # 23212 | | Vol. III No. 73 | March 22, 1851 | 217-231 | PG # 23225 | | Vol. III No. 74 | March 29, 1851 | 233-255 | PG # 23282 | +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ | Vol. III No. 75 | April 5, 1851 | 257-271 | PG # 23402 | | Vol. III No. 76 | April 12, 1851 | 273-294 | PG # 26896 | | Vol. III No. 77 | April 19, 1851 | 297-311 | PG # 26897 | | Vol. III No. 78 | April 26, 1851 | 313-342 | PG # 26898 | +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ | Vol. III No. 79 | May 3, 1851 | 345-359 | PG # 26899 | | Vol. III No. 80 | May 10, 1851 | 361-382 | PG # 32495 | | Vol. III No. 81 | May 17, 1851 | 385-399 | PG # 29318 | | Vol. III No. 82 | May 24, 1851 | 401-415 | PG # 28311 | | Vol. III No. 83 | May 31, 1851 | 417-440 | PG # 36835 | +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ | Vol. III No. 84 | June 7, 1851 | 441-472 | PG # 37379 | | Vol. III No. 85 | June 14, 1851 | 473-488 | PG # 37403 | | Vol. III No. 86 | June 21, 1851 | 489-511 | PG # 37496 | | Vol. III No. 87 | June 28, 1851 | 513-528 | PG # 37516 | +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ | Notes and Queries Vol. IV. | +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ | Vol. IV No. 88 | July 5, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 37548 | | Vol. IV No. 89 | July 12, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 37568 | | Vol. IV No. 90 | July 19, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 37593 | | Vol. IV No. 91 | July 26, 1851 | 49- 79 | PG # 37778 | +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ | Vol. IV No. 92 | August 2, 1851 | 81- 94 | PG # 38324 | | Vol. IV No. 93 | August 9, 1851 | 97-112 | PG # 38337 | | Vol. IV No. 94 | August 16, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 38350 | | Vol. IV No. 95 | August 23, 1851 | 129-144 | PG # 38386 | | Vol. IV No. 96 | August 30, 1851 | 145-167 | PG # 38405 | +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ | Vol. IV No. 97 | Sept. 6, 1851 | 169-183 | PG # 38433 | | Vol. IV No. 98 | Sept. 13, 1851 | 185-200 | PG # 38491 | | Vol. IV No. 99 | Sept. 20, 1851 | 201-216 | PG # 38574 | | Vol. IV No. 100 | Sept. 27, 1851 | 217-246 | PG # 38656 | +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ | Vol. IV No. 101 | Oct. 4, 1851 | 249-264 | PG # 38701 | | Vol. IV No. 102 | Oct. 11, 1851 | 265-287 | PG # 38773 | | Vol. IV No. 103 | Oct. 18, 1851 | 289-303 | PG # 38864 | | Vol. IV No. 104 | Oct. 25, 1851 | 305-333 | PG # 38926 | +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ | Vol. IV No. 105 | Nov. 1, 1851 | 337-358 | PG # 39076 | | Vol. IV No. 106 | Nov. 8, 1851 | 361-374 | PG # 39091 | | Vol. IV No. 107 | Nov. 15, 1851 | 377-396 | PG # 39135 | | Vol. IV No. 108 | Nov. 22, 1851 | 401-414 | PG # 39197 | | Vol. IV No. 109 | Nov. 29, 1851 | 417-430 | PG # 39233 | +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ | Vol. IV No. 110 | Dec. 6, 1851 | 433-460 | PG # 39338 | | Vol. IV No. 111 | Dec. 13, 1851 | 465-478 | PG # 39393 | | Vol. IV No. 112 | Dec. 20, 1851 | 481-494 | PG # 39438 | | Vol. IV No. 113 | Dec. 27, 1851 | 497-510 | PG # 39503 | +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ | Notes and Queries Vol. V. | +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ | Vol. V No. 114 | January 3, 1852 | 1- 18 | PG # 40171 | | Vol. V No. 115 | January 10, 1852 | 25- 45 | PG # 40582 | | Vol. V No. 116 | January 17, 1852 | 49- 70 | PG # 40642 | | Vol. V No. 117 | January 24, 1852 | 73- 94 | PG # 40678 | | Vol. V No. 118 | January 31, 1852 | 97-118 | PG # 40716 | +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ | Vol. V No. 119 | February 7, 1852 | 121-142 | PG # 40742 | | Vol. V No. 120 | February 14, 1852 | 145-167 | PG # 40743 | | Vol. V No. 121 | February 21, 1852 | 170-191 | PG # 40773 | | Vol. V No. 122 | February 28, 1852 | 193-215 | PG # 40779 | +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ | Vol I. Index. [Nov. 1849-May 1850] | PG # 13536 | | INDEX TO THE SECOND VOLUME. MAY-DEC., 1850 | PG # 13571 | | INDEX TO THE THIRD VOLUME. JAN.-JUNE, 1851 | PG # 26770 | | INDEX TO THE FOURTH VOLUME. JULY-DEC., 1851 | PG # 40166 | +------------------------------------------------+------------+ End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. V, Number 123, March 6, 1852, by Various *** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, MARCH 6, 1852 *** ***** This file should be named 40804-0.txt or 40804-0.zip ***** This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: http://www.gutenberg.org/4/0/8/0/40804/ Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Library of Early Journals.) Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will be renamed. 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